Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniel Espes, Hanna Liljeback, Henrik Hill, Andris Elksnis, Jose Caballero-Corbalan, Per-Ola Carlsson
Summary: This study found that the controlled-release formulation of GABA - Remygen is well tolerated in adult males with long-standing type 1 diabetes, and can enhance the hormonal response to hypoglycemia. Without treatment, the counter-regulatory hormone response to hypoglycemia was severely blunted, but intake of 600 mg GABA more than doubled these hormone responses. Further research is needed to explore the clinical potential of Remygen for beta-cell regeneration and its potential use as hypoglycemic prophylaxis.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chisa Inoue, Kota Nishihama, Aoi Hayasaki, Yuko Okano, Akinobu Hayashi, Kazuhito Eguchi, Mei Uemura, Toshinari Suzuki, Taro Yasuma, Takeshi Inoue, Tohru Yorifuji, Shugo Mizuno, Esteban C. Gabazza, Yutaka Yano
Summary: The patient is a 28-year-old Japanese man diagnosed with severe congenital hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemia. He developed necrotizing acute pancreatitis at 28 years of age, which was thought to be caused by diazoxide. After surgery, his hypoglycemia improved.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anneliese J. Flatt, Elizabeth Chen, Amy J. Peleckis, Cornelia Dalton-Bakes, Huong-Lan Nguyen, Heather W. Collins, John S. Millar, Robert J. Gallop, Michael R. Rickels
Summary: This study aims to validate clinical metrics for predicting absent autonomic symptom recognition and defective glucose counterregulation in individuals with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia. The results show that Clarke score and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measures demonstrate good ability to predict absent autonomic symptom recognition, but poor ability to predict defective glucose counterregulation. Screening for impaired awareness of hypoglycemia alongside assessment of CGM data can increase specificity for identifying individuals who may benefit from intervention.
DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Caroline C. Ohrstrom, Dorte L. Hansen, Urd Lynge Kielgast, Marianne Lerbok Bergmann, Simon Veedfald, Jens Juul Holst, Dorte Worm
Summary: This study evaluated counterregulatory responses during postprandial hypoglycemia in patients with postbariatric hypoglycemia who underwent Rouxen-Y gastric bypass surgery. The findings showed that individuals with postbariatric hypoglycemia had minor increases in counterregulatory hormones during postprandial hypoglycemia, but larger hormone responses occurred when glucose levels were lowered during treatment with sitagliptin.
SURGERY FOR OBESITY AND RELATED DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anneliese J. Flatt, Amy J. Peleckis, Cornelia Dalton-Bakes, Huong-Lan Nguyen, Sarah Ilany, Austin Matus, Susan K. Malone, Namni Goel, Sooyong Jang, James Weimer, Insup Lee, Michael R. Rickels
Summary: Automated insulin delivery (AID) can significantly reduce hypoglycemic exposure and improve counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes.
DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael C. Riddell, Anne L. Peters
Summary: Regular physical activity has numerous benefits for individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, but careful management of blood glucose levels is necessary.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paula Morales-Sanchez, Carmen Lambert, Jessica Ares-Blanco, Lorena Suarez-Gutierrez, Elsa Villa-Fernandez, Ana Victoria Garcia, Miguel Garcia-Villarino, Juan Ramon Tejedor, Mario F. Fraga, Edelmiro Menendez Torre, Pedro Pujante, Elias Delgado
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the circulating miRNA expression profile of patients with type 1 diabetes and no other associated pathology. The expression of hsa-miR-1-3p was found to be significantly increased in patients with type 1 diabetes and positively correlated with glycated haemoglobin levels. Changes in hsa-miR-1-3p were also found to directly affect genes involved in vascular development and cardiovascular pathologies. Circulating hsa-miR-1-3p, along with glycemic control, could be used as prognostic biomarkers in type 1 diabetes to prevent the development of vascular complications in these patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lilian Sewing, Laura Potasso, Sandra Baumann, Denis Schenk, Furkan Gazozcu, Kurt Lippuner, Marius Kraenzlin, Philippe Zysset, Christian Meier
Summary: Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is associated with an increased risk of nonvertebral fractures, and the influence of glycemic control and microvascular disease on skeletal health in long-standing T1DM is not well understood. This study found that patients with long-standing T1DM had lower bone mineral density (BMD), decreased bone turnover, and weaker bones at the ultradistal tibia compared to non-diabetic controls. The presence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy was found to contribute to the altered cortical microarchitecture and reduced bone strength in T1DM patients.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yoshihiro Ito, Runan Sun, Hiroshi Yagimuma, Keigo Taki, Akira Mizoguchi, Tomoko Kobayashi, Mariko Sugiyama, Takeshi Onoue, Taku Tsunekawa, Hiroshi Takagi, Daisuke Hagiwara, Shintaro Iwama, Hidetaka Suga, Hiroyuki Konishi, Hiroshi Kiyama, Hiroshi Arima, Ryoichi Banno
Summary: Leptin shows potential therapeutic effects for T1D, and PTP1B is a key enzyme that negatively regulates leptin receptor signaling. The study found that PTP1B deficiency or combined treatment with leptin and a PTP1B inhibitor can enhance leptin activity and improve glucose metabolism in T1D mice.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Clementine E. M. Verhulst, Therese W. Fabricius, Steven Teerenstra, Peter L. Kristensen, Cees J. Tack, Rory J. McCrimmon, Simon Heller, Mark L. Evans, Stephanie A. Amiel, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard, Bastiaan E. de Galan
Summary: This systematic review compared the activation thresholds for counterregulatory hormone and symptom responses to hypoglycaemia between individuals with type 1 diabetes and those without diabetes, using stepped hyperinsulinaemic-hypoglycaemic glucose clamps.
Article
Cell Biology
Julia K. Panzer, Alejandro Tamayo, Alejandro Caicedo
Summary: This study identifies a defect in autocrine signaling in pancreatic alpha cells of individuals with type 1 diabetes, which leads to inadequate glucagon response and susceptibility to hypoglycemia. Reactivating residual AMPA/kainate receptor function with positive allosteric modulators can restore normal glucagon secretion and prevent hypoglycemia, providing a potential therapeutic approach for managing diabetes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Helen Larsson, Sofie Albinsson Hogberg, Marcus Lind, Hardis Rabe, Christine Lingblom
Summary: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells mediated by T cells. This study found that individuals with long-standing T1D had lower levels of galectin-10(hi) eosinophils, which are T cell suppressors, and a subgroup of these eosinophils were entirely absent in all T1D patients. Additionally, T1D patients had higher levels of CD4+CD8+ T cells and Th17 cells. This study suggests that the absence of galectin-10(hi) eosinophilic subgroup may contribute to the unrestricted killing of insulin-producing beta cells in T1D patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mervyn Kyi, Peter Colman, Vicky Gonzalez, Candice Hall, Nathan Cheuk, Spiros Fourlanos
Summary: Admission to hospital provides an opportunity to optimize long-term diabetes management. Proactive inpatient diabetes service (RAPIDS) can improve in-hospital glycemia and clinical outcomes. This follow-up study assessed whether proactive care in hospital improved postdischarge HbA1c.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andreas Andersen, Peter G. Jorgensen, Jonatan Bagger, Maria P. A. Baldassarre, Mikkel B. Christensen, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard, Tommi B. Lindhardt, Gunnar Gislason, Filip K. Knop, Tina Vilsboll
Summary: Acute hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia increase LV systolic function in both patients with type 2 diabetes and controls, with no difference between the two groups. Standardization of glucose levels may improve reproducibility in evaluating LV systolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hee Seung Lee, Wonjeong Chae, Min Je Sung, Jiyoung Keum, Jung Hyun Jo, Moon Jae Chung, Jeong Youp Park, Seung Woo Park, Si Young Song, Eun-Cheol Park, Chung Mo Nam, Sung-In Jang, Seungmin Bang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differences in incidence of pancreatic cancer between new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) and long-standing DM (LSDM). The results showed that the risk of pancreatic cancer was higher in the group with diabetes compared to the non-diabetes group, and the risk was higher in the NODM group than in the LSDM group, especially in men and patients in their 50s.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rory J. McCrimmon, Alice Y. Y. Cheng, Gagik Galstyan, Khier Djaballah, Xuan Li, Mathieu Coudert, Juan P. Frias
Summary: This study compared the clinical effectiveness of iGlarLixi and BI + RAI regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that in real-world clinical practice, the two regimens had similar glycemic control, but iGlarLixi led to less weight gain.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Philip D. Home, Rory J. McCrimmon, Julio Rosenstock, Matthias Bluher, Katrin Pegelow, Lydie Melas-Melt, Khier Djaballah, Francesco Giorgino
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of baseline participant characteristics on the outcomes of the SoliMix study. The findings showed that the treatment effects of iGlarLixi were consistent across various baseline characteristics, supporting its use as an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for people with type 2 diabetes.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jill Carlton, Philip Powell, Donna Rowen, Melanie Broadley, Frans Pouwer, Jane Speight, Simon Heller, Mari-Anne Gall, Myriam Rosilio, Christopher J. Child, Jonathan Comins, Rory J. McCrimmon, Bastiaan de Galan, John Brazier
Summary: This study aims to develop a new hypoglycaemia-specific PROM to assess the impact of hypoglycaemia on quality of life in patients with diabetes. The study uses a mixed-methods, three-stage design, collecting information through qualitative interviews and validating it through psychometric testing, ultimately generating a hypoglycaemia-specific PROM and preference-based measure.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Harry L. Hebert, Abirami Veluchamy, Georgios Baskozos, Francesca Fardo, Dimitri Van Ryckeghem, Ewan R. Pearson, Lesley A. Colvin, Geert Crombez, David L. H. Bennett, Weihua Meng, Colin N. A. Palmer, Blair H. Smith
Summary: This study aimed to develop and externally validate two clinical risk models for predicting onset and resolution of chronic neuropathic pain. The models included psychosocial and lifestyle factors, and showed adequate discrimination but miscalibration in external validation. These risk models are of significant importance for patients and clinicians, as they can guide preventive and remedial measures.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huan Wang, Ruth L. M. Cordiner, Yu Huang, Louise Donnelly, Simona Hapca, Andrew Collier, John J. McKnight, Brian R. Kennon, Fraser R. Gibb, Paul McKeigue, Sarah Wild, Helen Colhoun, John Chalmers, John Petrie, Naveed Sattar, Thomas MacDonald, Rory McCrimmon, Daniel Morales, Ewan Pearson
Summary: This study developed a robust methodology for causal inference and assessed the real-world cardiovascular safety of sulfonylureas compared to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and thiazolidinediones. The findings suggest that second-line sulfonylureas are unlikely to increase cardiovascular risk or all-cause mortality.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sundararajan Srinivasan, Samuel Liju, Natarajan Sathish, Moneeza K. K. Siddiqui, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Ewan R. R. Pearson, Alexander S. F. Doney, Viswanathan Mohan, Venkatesan Radha, Colin N. A. Palmer
Summary: South Asians are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) more than a decade earlier in life than seen in European populations. By studying the genomics of age of diagnosis in these populations, insight into the earlier age diagnosis of T2D among individuals of South Asian descent may be gained.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alison R. McNeilly, Jennifer L. Gallagher, Mark E. Evans, Bastiaan de Galan, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard, Bernard T. Thorens, Albena Dinkova-Kostova, Jeffrey-T. Huang, Michael L. J. J. Ashford, Rory McCrimmon
Summary: Chronic hyperglycaemia and recurrent hypoglycaemia are independently associated with accelerated cognitive decline in type 1 diabetes. This study examines the hypothesis that post-hypoglycaemic hyperglycaemia exacerbates hippocampal oxidative stress and explores potential contributory mechanisms.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Rory J. Mccrimmon
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Uffe Soholm, Melanie Broadley, Natalie Zaremba, Patrick Divilly, Giesje Nefs, Jill K. Carlton, Julia Mader, Petra Martina Baumann, Mikel Gomes, Gilberte J. Martine-Edith, Daniel Pollard, Dajana Rath, Simon Heller, Ulrik J. Pedersen-Bjergaard, Rory McCrimmon, Eric Renard, Mark Evans, Bastiaan de Galan, Thomas A. Forkmann, Stephanie Amiel, Christel Hendrieckx, Jane Speight, Pratik Choudhary, Frans Pouwer
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the acceptability and psychometric properties of the Hypo-METRICS app, which is designed to assess the impact of hypoglycemia on daily functioning in people with insulin-treated diabetes. Participants completed daily check-ins for 10 weeks using the app and answered questions about their subjective daily functioning. The results showed high completion rates, satisfactory psychometric properties, and demonstrated that the app is acceptable and reliable for exploring the daily impact of hypoglycemia.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aleksi Tornio, Margherita Bigossi, Moneeza K. Siddiqui, Gwen Kennedy, Ala'a Melhem, Mehul K. Chourasia, Cyrielle Maroteau, Roberto Pola, Daniel I. Chasman, Alexander S. F. Doney, Colin N. A. Palmer
Summary: This study found that the LILRB5 genotype variant associated with statin intolerance is linked to differential increases in creatine kinase and the response to cholesterol-lowering medication. These findings suggest that this variant may be useful in precision cardiovascular therapy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Calum Forteath, Ify Mordi, Raid Nisr, Erika J. Gutierrez-Lara, Noor Alqurashi, Iain R. Phair, Amy R. Cameron, Craig Beall, Ibrahim Bahr, Mohapradeep Mohan, Aaron K. F. Wong, Adel Dihoum, Anwar Mohammad, Colin N. A. Palmer, Douglas Lamont, Kei Sakamoto, Benoit Viollet, Marc Foretz, Chim C. Lang, Graham Rena
Summary: Using cellular approaches and proteomics, we found that metformin therapy for diabetes alters the regulation of branched chain amino acids through the suppression of the amino acid transporter SNAT2.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Margherita Bigossi, Cyrielle Maroteau, Adem Y. Dawed, Alasdair Taylor, Sundararajan Srinivasan, Alaa' Lufti Melhem, Ewan R. Pearson, Roberto Pola, Colin N. A. Palmer, Moneeza K. Siddiqui
Summary: This study developed a clinically implementable gene risk score (GRS) based on four common variants in the SLCO1B1 gene to identify patients at risk of statin intolerance. The high-risk GRS was found to be associated with different phenotypes of statin intolerance, including statin-related myopathy and statin-related suspected rhabdomyolysis. Compared to using the Val174Ala genotype or recommended functional phenotypes, the GRS provided more reliable results. This study provides a simple and reliable genetic tool for estimating and predicting the risk of early-onset statin intolerance.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aravind Lathika Rajendrakumar, Simona M. Hapca, Anand Thakarakkattil Narayanan Nair, Yu Huang, Mehul Kumar Chourasia, Ryan Shun-Yuen Kwan, Charvi Nangia, Moneeza K. Siddiqui, Prathiba Vijayaraghavan, Shona Z. Matthew, Graham P. Leese, Viswanathan Mohan, Ewan R. Pearson, Alexander S. F. Doney, Colin N. A. Palmer
Summary: This study found an association between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Scottish population. A specific NLR value can predict the occurrence of retinopathy. The study suggests that NLR has a potential predictive value for DR incidence in the Scottish population, especially in individuals under 65 years old and those with well-controlled diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Clementine E. M. Verhulst, Julia I. P. W. van Heck, Therese Fabricius, Rinke Stienstra, Steven J. Teerenstra, Rory J. McCrimmon, Cees Tack, Ulrik E. Pedersen-Bjergaard, Bastiaan de Galan, Hypo RESOLVE Consortium
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the duration and extent of the inflammatory response to hypoglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. The results showed that hypoglycemia increased the counts of lymphocytes and monocytes, which remained elevated for one week. In addition, hypoglycemia also led to an increase in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an elevation of circulating inflammatory proteins, both of which lasted for at least one week.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicola Morrice, Susanne Vainio, Kirsi Mikkola, Lidy van Aalten, Jennifer R. Gallagher, Michael L. J. Ashford, Alison D. McNeilly, Rory J. McCrimmon, Alexandra Grosfeld, Patricia Serradas, Jukka Koffert, Ewan R. Pearson, Pirjo Nuutila, Calum Sutherland
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of the glucose transporter SLC2A2 on the response to metformin treatment, and reveals the differential response to metformin depending on SLC2A2 expression. It also provides evidence that metformin can modify glucose transport in the gut, contributing to its efficacy. Additionally, this study identifies an important role for this transporter in maintaining efficient glucose homoeostasis during aging.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)