Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maret G. Traber, Brian Head
Summary: This narrative review focuses on the structures, functions, biological determinants, and deficiency symptoms of vitamin E in humans, discussing the mechanisms for alpha-T tissue enrichment, potential new biomarkers, pharmacokinetic data, and approaches to evaluate alpha-T dietary requirements. The possible role of alpha-T supplements in delaying chronic diseases and the evaluation of vitamin E safety are also considered in this review.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas M. Elliott, Louisa G. Gordon, Ann Webb, Richard Kift, Anna Foeglein, Rachel E. Neale
Summary: Our goal was to calculate the time required to maintain existing 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in different locations in Australia and New Zealand. Using a microsimulation model, we estimated monthly changes in 25(OH)D concentration based on data on standard erythemal dose, solar zenith angle, and climatological ozone. We found that 5-10 minutes of outdoor activity between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m., with 35% of the body surface area exposed, is sufficient to maintain existing 25(OH)D concentration in summer, while in winter, more time outdoors during the middle of the day is required, with 10% of the body surface area exposed.
PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jacob Schneidewind
Summary: This article introduces an open-source software and modeling method for techno-economic analysis of technologies such as photoelectrochemical, photocatalytic, and photovoltaic + electrolysis, to determine the required technological improvements to achieve cost competitiveness. It explores the necessary progress for each technology and proposes actionable research targets.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Lei Zhang, Hao Xu, Oluwakayode Onireti, Muhammad Ali Imran, Bin Cao
Summary: This article introduces wireless blockchain networks (WBN) under various commonly used consensus mechanisms and discusses the impact of communication resources on blockchain performance. Analytical and simulated results are provided to show how communication resource provision affects blockchain performance.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Junhao Hu, Chenyang Zhang, Kang Zhou, Shenghua Gao
Summary: Chest X-ray is an important imaging method for diagnosing chest diseases. We propose a semantic-segmentation-based solution for chest X-ray diagnostic quality assessment and create a dataset to validate it. Our experiments validate the effectiveness of our solution.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Moritz Schneider, Daniel Born, Johannes Kaestner, Guntram Rauhut
Summary: The positions of grid points have a significant impact on the accuracy and computational effort of a multidimensional potential energy surface (PES) represented by n-mode expansions. Six different positioning schemes were studied, including a static approach and five adaptive schemes based on Gaussian process regression. Comparison with a more sophisticated approach by Christiansen et al. was made. The impact of grid point positions on multilevel PESs was discussed with respect to computational effort.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Safia K. Ahmed, Ivy A. Petersen
Summary: Preoperative radiation therapy is an important component of curative treatment for soft tissue sarcomas, and innovative strategies have been developed to individualize the treatment approach.
CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ismail Xodabande, Hourieh Ebrahimi, Sedigheh Karimpour
Summary: This study reveals that a vocabulary knowledge of 5000 most frequent English words is needed to cover the course contents of MOOCs, while achieving adequate coverage level requires a vocabulary size of around 9000 most frequent English words. Widely used word lists for general and academic vocabulary are found to be insufficient for MOOC learners.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ira Leifer
Summary: The extent of human-caused marine oil pollution is much more significant than previously believed.
Review
Oncology
Leiah J. Brigitha, Rob Pieters, Inge M. van der Sluis
Summary: This review evaluates the optimal amount of asparaginase needed for childhood ALL treatment outcomes. While the level of exposure does not impact the outcome as long as therapeutic asparaginase activity levels are reached, the duration of exposure does have an effect on the outcome, with no clear cutoff for optimal exposure duration established. Other factors such as immunophenotype, (cyto)genetic subgroups, risk group stratification, and backbone therapy also influence the optimal exposure duration.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Stephanie Tomscha, Bethanna Jackson, Rubianca Benavidez, Mairead de Roiste, Stephen Hartley, Julie Deslippe
Summary: Percentage-based targets for conservation and restoration lack evidence, especially for multiple ecosystem services. Decision-making scales can also pose challenges for implementing restoration targets. This study examined these challenges in the Ruamahanga Basin, New Zealand, where most wetlands have been drained. Restoration scenarios were created at two spatial scales: basin-scale and subcatchment-scale. The results showed that most of the variability in ecosystem service outcomes is found at fine spatial scales, which has implications for policy mechanisms and spatially-targeted management of ecosystem services.
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sara De Vincentis, Antonino Russo, Marta Milazzo, Amedeo Lonardo, Maria C. De Santis, Vincenzo Rochira, Manuela Simoni, Bruno Madeo
Summary: This case confirms the possibility of vitamin D intoxication, albeit with high doses. The doses used in clinical practice are generally much lower and intoxication rarely occurs even in individuals with undetermined baseline vitamin D levels. Repeated measurements of vitamin D are not necessary for patients under standard integrative therapy, but awareness of the potential dangers of vitamin D overdose is crucial for both patients and clinicians.
ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Simone Donati, Francesca Marini, Francesca Giusti, Gaia Palmini, Cinzia Aurilia, Irene Falsetti, Teresa Iantomasi, Maria Luisa Brandi
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem with negative consequences on musculoskeletal and extra-skeletal health. Increasing intake of vitamin D fortified foods and administering vitamin D supplementation, such as vitamin D3 or calcifediol, can help improve vitamin D status. This review discusses the potential medical benefits and specific clinical scenarios in which oral intake of calcifediol could be effective in restoring optimal serum levels of 25(OH)D3. Insights into calcifediol-related non-genomic responses are provided, suggesting its use as a supplement for individuals at higher risk of hypovitaminosis D.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Christoph Heilmann, David Wozabal
Summary: This paper explores how smart-charging of PEVs can mitigate challenges presented by VRES expansion and reduce distribution grid costs. A heuristic policy is proposed for Germany in 2035, leading to potential savings of €6.2 billion and a 19% reduction in total costs. The potential of smart charging is higher in rural areas than urban centers, and curtailing VRES production is only economically viable in rare circumstances.
Editorial Material
Hematology
Charles T. Quinn
Summary: In this study, Abdullahi et al provide evidence that fixed low- and moderate-dose daily hydroxyurea regimens can be effective in preventing secondary stroke for patients with sickle cell anemia living in low-resource settings, as an alternative to chronic transfusion therapy.
