Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roohollah Noori, Mohsen Maghrebi, Ali Mirchi, Qiuhong Tang, Rabin Bhattarai, Mojtaba Sadegh, Mojtaba Noury, Ali Torabi Haghighi, Bjorn Klove, Kaveh Madani
Summary: Iran faces severe depletion and salinity issues in its groundwater resources, with an increase in extraction points but a decrease in annual withdrawal. Over-extraction of nonrenewable water leads to declining groundwater levels and increased salinity hazard.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Eyal Shalev
Summary: Coastal aquifers are important water resources, but seawater intrusion has become a major constraint on groundwater utilization. Improper management may lead to deterioration in water quality.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Neven Kresic, Sorab Panday
Summary: Numerical modeling of karst water systems is a challenge due to vastly different flow regimes in the solution channels and the porous medium, but recent developments with unstructured grid models, such as MODFLOW-USG, have enabled robust simulation by providing various optional turbulent flow formulations, solute transport capability, and density-dependent flow simulation options. These enhancements eliminate the need for surrogate modeling approaches in karst, offering solutions to common problems faced by groundwater professionals in coastal karst areas.
HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Madison K. Flint, Jonathan B. Martin, Tatiana Summerall, Adrian Barry-Sosa, Brent C. Christner
Summary: The presence of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen species in the environment may lead to an increase in atmospheric nitrous oxide concentrations, contributing to global warming and ozone depletion. The cycling of N2O in karst aquifers is complex and influenced by factors such as dissolved organic carbon and dissolved oxygen concentrations, as well as the residence time for nitrogen processing in the subsurface.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jun Kong, Chao Gao, Chaohua Jiang, Jun Wang, Xinyu Gao, Li Jing
Summary: This study investigates the impact of a cutoff wall on the behavior of nitrate and salinity in a coastal aquifer. The results show that the cutoff wall alters the recirculation pathways of saltwater and groundwater, increasing nitrate removal efficiency and reducing saltwater intrusion. A deeper cutoff wall leads to further improvements in nitrate removal and decreases in saltwater intrusion. The study also highlights the importance of dissolved organic carbon in promoting nitrate removal and provides guidance for managing groundwater quality.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sabarathinam Chidambaram, Banajarani Panda, Tirumalesh Keesari, M. Prasanna, Dhiraj Kr Singh, A. L. Ramanathan
Summary: The dynamics of coastal aquifers can be understood through geochemical and isotopic signatures. In this study, groundwater recharge processes in coastal Tamil Nadu, South India were evaluated using major ion chemistry and environmental isotopes. The results showed that shallow groundwater had contributions from multiple recharge sources, while deeper groundwater was mainly recharged by precipitation. The isotopic variations in different areas indicated different sources and influences. The groundwater in the study area was found to be brackish to saline, with minor influence from anthropogenic activities.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nahal Maymandi, Michelle A. Hummel, Yu Zhang
Summary: Compound flooding, caused by storm surge, river discharge, and rainfall, can have significant impacts on coastal communities. A coupled modeling approach that considers all driving forces can improve the simulation accuracy of flood extent and depth, especially for hurricanes accompanied by prolonged rainfall.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geography
Fautemeh Sajadi Bami, Kamal A. Alsharif, Hannah Torres
Summary: This study found that hurricanes in Florida pose serious threats to drinking water supplies, with issues such as economic constraints preventing access to drinking water, lack of care in maintaining sanitary private wells, and greater water shortages experienced by younger respondents. The results suggest that current policies are insufficient in encouraging locals to prepare for three days without regular water supplies, and improvements need to be made to enhance drinking water management and reduce well-being loss in future hurricanes.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF GEOGRAPHERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bo Zhang, Tianyuan Zheng, Xilai Zheng, Shiqiang Jiang, Min Cao, Marc Walther, Chunhui Lu
Summary: Recent research has shown that tidal has a significant impact on saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers, but the role of tidal rivers in groundwater flow and salinity distribution in upstream estuarine aquifers remains unclear. This study used field monitoring data and numerical simulations to investigate the effects of a tidal river on groundwater flow and salt transport in a tidal river-coastal aquifer system. The results revealed that changes in the tidal river level led to a reverse in groundwater flow and significant variations in seawater intrusion (SWI) area. The presence of a physical river dam amplified the influence of tidal rivers on water exchange and salt flux. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the interactions between tidal rivers and groundwater in upstream aquifers.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pablo Suarez-Moo, Claudia A. Remes-Rodriguez, Norma A. Marquez-Velazquez, Luisa Falcon, Jose Q. Garcia-Maldonado, Alejandra Prieto-Davo
Summary: This study reveals the changes in microbial community structure in the sediments of the karst underground river ecosystem of the Yucatan peninsula, and finds differences in microbial groups between coastal and inland sinkholes. These differences may be attributed to different environmental conditions and suggest specific biogeochemical processes associated with different microbial assemblages.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren Ballou, David Brankovits, Efrain M. Chavez-Solis, Jose M. Chavez Diaz, Brett C. Gonzalez, Shari Rohret, Alexa Salinas, Arielle Liu, Nuno Simoes, Fernando Alvarez, Maria Pia Miglietta, Thomas M. Iliffe, Elizabeth Borda
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the Typhlatya genus in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, revealing conflicts in previous species classifications and the discovery of new genetic lineages. The research emphasizes the importance of using integrative and interdisciplinary approaches when assessing biodiversity in complex and poorly studied aquifers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Gabriela Meira Teixeira, Rodrigo Sergio de Paula, Leila Nunes Menegasse Velasquez, Isabella Brito Andrade, Wallace Maciel Pacheco Neto
Summary: The Lagoa Santa Karst Environmental Protection Area is a globally renowned site for its archaeological significance and rich karstic landscape. This study aimed to estimate the annual recharge rate in the aquifers from 2017 to 2021 using three methods, which yielded consistent results of 13%, 9%, and 9% on average. The values obtained may be underestimated due to high groundwater pumping rates, and further research is recommended to understand the impact of lithotype and karst geomorphology on recharge processes.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Farhat Abbas, Salem Al-Naemi, Aitazaz A. Farooque, Michael Phillips, Derek A. Rose
Summary: The study aims to understand saltwater intrusion phenomenon using existing data and mathematical models. By analyzing and simulating the data, the researchers obtained optimized transport parameters for saltwater intrusion. The findings of the study may help in designing strategies to prevent groundwater contamination.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jamel Ayari, Hassen Ouelhazi, Abdelkarin Charef, Anis Barhoumi
Summary: The aim of this study is to assess the state of the Korba aquifer in relation to seawater intrusion and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Physicochemical analysis of groundwater samples indicated dominance of reverse ion exchange process triggered by marine intrusion. The presence of saline water and wastewater for irrigation purposes was identified as additional sources of salinization. Groundwater samples were found to be unsuitable for drinking based on water quality index and limited for irrigation purposes due to high sodium adsorption ratio.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dayana Carolina Chala, Edgar Quinones-Bolanos, Mehrab Mehrvar
Summary: Salinity intrusion in coastal aquifers is a common contamination process that has been extensively studied. Factors contributing to salinity intrusion are often analyzed using partial frameworks that overlook interactions and oversimplify aquifer dynamics. This study introduces a comprehensive framework that integrates influencing factors, including land subsidence, to address knowledge gaps and challenges in modeling salinity intrusion accurately.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Chengzhu Xu, Marek Stastna
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Aaron Coutino, Marek Stastna, Eduard G. Reinhardt
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Mechanics
Andrew P. Grace, Marek Stastna, Kevin G. Lamb, K. Andrea Scott
Summary: The study demonstrates that the nonlinear equation of state can lead to large scale differences in the spatial and temporal evolution of freshwater gravity currents when intruding and ambient temperatures are below the temperature of maximum density. The density difference decreases at different rates depending on whether the intruding fluid temperature decreases or increases throughout the evolution of the gravity current, leading to asymmetries in head location and vertical extent of intruding fluid, with potential implications for larger scale flows in this temperature regime. These results are robust across the studied range of Grashof numbers.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Samuel G. Hartharn-Evans, Magda Carr, Marek Stastna, Peter A. Davies
Summary: This study investigates the effect of stratification form on the shoaling characteristics of internal solitary waves. The results show that the form of stratification affects the breaking type associated with the shoaling wave as well as the plunging dynamics.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Jared Penney, Marek Stastna
Summary: This paper investigates flow through variable permeability, two-dimensional circular cylinders using a pseudospectral numerical model. The study considers two types of permeability distributions and discusses the impacts of different permeability distributions on flow behavior around the cylinders. The results show that high permeability belts guide flow around low permeability regions, while low permeability belts impede flow from reaching areas surrounded by low permeability.
Article
Mechanics
Sierra Legare, Andrew Grace, Marek Stastna
Summary: Direct numerical simulations reveal the presence of unique double-diffusive instabilities in narrow horizontal domains, influenced by boundaries and exhibiting complex time evolution, which can drive localized mixing in highly confined settings.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Ryan C. Yeung, Marek Stastna, Myra A. Fernandes
Summary: Research on autobiographical memory (AM) continues to grow, but there are limited methods to analyze the content of AM. This study presents computational methods that can analyze the content of thousands of participants' AMs, providing new insights into the nature and functions of AM. The study found that by using frequency analyses and structural topic modeling, common and distinctive words in recurrent involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) can be identified, and coherent topics within IAMs can be identified as well.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marek Stastna, David Deepwell, Andrew Grace
Summary: This study simulates the development of mode-2 internal waves in a rotating frame of reference at the laboratory scale and investigates the influence of rotation on the classical shear instability. It is found that rotation significantly modifies the three-dimensional nature of the vortical structures and leads to a focalization of turbulence transition near the wall.
ENVIRONMENTAL FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Donovan J. M. Allum, Andrew P. Grace, Marek Stastna
Summary: This study presents numerical simulations of radiatively driven convection in ice-covered lakes. The results show that horizontal variations in surface albedo can induce lateral circulation, which in turn promotes vertical mixing. This mechanism, not explained by traditional bathymetry and wind forcing mechanisms, provides new insights into the understanding of lateral circulation in ice-covered lakes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Marek Stastna, Andrew P. P. Grace, Travis Robinson
Summary: The effect of gas compressibility on flow through a porous medium leads to the Klinkenberg effect at low pressures. Two broad approaches are presented for constructing exact solutions to the steady state problem. Geometric reduction is used to obtain solutions in Cartesian and polar coordinates, while the existence of a stream function is utilized to demonstrate that solutions can only be found for irrotational flow. Another class of exact solutions is constructed by considering potential flows and their generalization for cases with variable permeability.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Andrew P. Grace, Marek Stastna, Kevin G. Lamb, K. Andrea Scott
Summary: In this study, simulations of gravity currents are conducted to investigate the effect of cabbeling on their evolution. It is found that initially buoyant currents experience mixing, leading to the formation of denser water. By increasing a parameter controlling the nonlinearity of the equation of state, the currents achieve greater propagation distance and form secondary bottom currents. The size of the secondary currents is also found to increase with the increase of the parameter.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Sierra Legare, Andrew Grace, Marek Stastna
Summary: Confined geometries affect hydrodynamic instabilities, offering opportunities for controlling mixing rates in engineering flows. In multi-component fluids, differential diffusion leads to novel types of hydrodynamic instabilities with finite amplitude manifestations even in millimeter-scale channels. Numerical simulations show that localized channel constrictions can partially capture double diffusive instabilities, with fluid collecting above the narrowest point and eventually experiencing a secondary instability. This secondary instability's chaotic nature and its control over the flow into the region below the constriction are studied.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
N. Castro-Folker, M. Stastna
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between laboratory scale internal seiches and double-diffusive instabilities in the diffusive-convection regime using high-resolution numerical simulations. The results show that the evolution of the seiche leads to earlier onset of instabilities and that double-diffusion increases the buoyancy frequency and decreases the period of the seiche. The combined viscous dissipation due to double-diffusive structures and shear stress induced by the seiche is greater than the dissipation produced by either phenomenon alone.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Marek Stastna, Martinique Stastna, Audrey Scanlan
Summary: We report on direct numerical simulations of head-on collisions between internal solitary waves in a continuously stratified fluid on the laboratory scale. We find that a complex interplay between the reversal of wave-induced horizontal currents during the collision, and wave-induced vertical currents that act to suction fluid from the boundary layer can lead to significant transport of passive tracers across the boundary layer. We demonstrate the importance of no-slip boundary conditions for this phenomenon to occur, outline the mechanism for cross-boundary layer transport, and explore how changes in wave amplitude and stratification affect the efficiency of the process. Finally, we discuss the scale-up of the results from laboratory to field scale.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Marek Stastna, Aaron Coutino, Ryan K. Walter
Summary: Large-amplitude internal waves in the ocean exist in a highly variable environment, some of which do not conform to the DJL theory and have different shapes, while others can be explained by the theory of exact internal solitary waves.
NONLINEAR PROCESSES IN GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Arfan Arshad, Ali Mirchi, Javier Vilcaez, Muhammad Umar Akbar, Kaveh Madani
Summary: High-resolution, continuous groundwater data is crucial for adaptive aquifer management. This study presents a predictive modeling framework that incorporates covariates and existing observations to estimate groundwater level changes. The framework outperforms other methods and provides reliable estimates for unmonitored sites. The study also examines groundwater level changes in different regions and highlights the importance of effective aquifer management.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Lihua Chen, Jie Deng, Wenzhe Yang, Hang Chen
Summary: A new grid-based distributed karst hydrological model (GDKHM) is developed to simulate streamflow in the flood-prone karst area of Southwest China. The results show that the GDKHM performs well in predicting floods and capturing the spatial variability of karst system.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Faruk Gurbuz, Avinash Mudireddy, Ricardo Mantilla, Shaoping Xiao
Summary: Machine learning algorithms have shown better performance in streamflow prediction compared to traditional hydrological models. In this study, researchers proposed a methodology to test and benchmark ML algorithms using artificial data generated by physically-based hydrological models. They found that deep learning algorithms can correctly identify the relationship between streamflow and rainfall in certain conditions, but fail to outperform traditional prediction methods in other scenarios.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yadong Ji, Jianyu Fu, Bingjun Liu, Zeqin Huang, Xuejin Tan
Summary: This study distinguishes the uncertainty in drought projection into scenario uncertainty, model uncertainty, and internal variability uncertainty. The results show that the estimation of total uncertainty reaches a minimum in the mid-21st century and that model uncertainty is dominant in tropical regions.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Z. R. van Leeuwen, M. J. Klaar, M. W. Smith, L. E. Brown
Summary: This study quantifies the effectiveness of leaky dams in reducing flood peak magnitude using a transfer function noise modelling approach. The results show that leaky dams have a significant but highly variable impact on flood peak magnitude, and managing expectations should consider event size and type.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zeda Yin, Yasaman Saadati, M. Hadi Amini, Linlong Bian, Beichao Hu
Summary: Combined sewer overflows pose significant threats to public health and the environment, and various strategies have been proposed to mitigate their adverse effects. Smart control strategies have gained traction due to their cost-effectiveness but face challenges in balancing precision and computational efficiency. To address this, we propose exploring machine learning models and the inversion of neural networks for more efficient CSO prediction and optimization.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qimou Zhang, Jiacong Huang, Jing Zhang, Rui Qian, Zhen Cui, Junfeng Gao
Summary: This study developed a N-cycling model for lowland rural rivers covered by macrophytes and investigated the N imports, exports, and response to sediment dredging. The findings showed a considerable N retention ability in the study river, with significant N imports from connected rivers and surrounding polders. Sediment dredging increased particulate nitrogen resuspension and settling rates, while decreasing ammonia nitrogen release, denitrification, and macrophyte uptake rates.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xue Li, Yingyin Zhou, Jian Sha, Man Zhang, Zhong-Liang Wang
Summary: High-resolution climate data is crucial for predicting regional climate and water environment changes. In this study, a two-step downscaling method was developed to enhance the spatial resolution of GCM data and improve the accuracy for small basins. The method combined medium-resolution climate data with high-resolution topographic data to capture spatial and temporal details. The downscaled climate data were then used to simulate the impacts of climate change on hydrology and water quality in a small basin. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the downscaling method for spatially differentiated simulations.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tongqing Shen, Peng Jiang, Jiahui Zhao, Xuegao Chen, Hui Lin, Bin Yang, Changhai Tan, Ying Zhang, Xinting Fu, Zhongbo Yu
Summary: This study evaluates the long-term interannual dynamics of permafrost distribution and active layer thickness on the Tibetan Plateau, and predicts future degradation trends. The results show that permafrost area has been decreasing and active layer thickness has been increasing, with an accelerated degradation observed in recent decades. This has significant implications for local water cycle processes, water ecology, and water security.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chi Zhang, Xu Zhang, Qiuhong Tang, Deliang Chen, Jinchuan Huang, Shaohong Wu, Yubo Liu
Summary: Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau is influenced by systems such as the Asian monsoons, the westerlies, and local circulations. The Indian monsoon, the westerlies, and local circulations are the main systems affecting precipitation over the entire Tibetan Plateau. The East Asian summer monsoon primarily affects the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The Indian monsoon has the greatest influence on precipitation in the southern and central grid cells, while the westerlies have the greatest influence on precipitation in the northern and western grid cells. Local circulations have the strongest influence on the central and eastern grid cells.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Manuel Almeida, Antonio Rodrigues, Pedro Coelho
Summary: This study aimed to improve the accuracy of Total Phosphorus export coefficient models, which are essential for water management. Four different models were applied to 27 agroforestry watersheds in the Mediterranean region. The modeling approach showed significant improvements in predicting the Total Phosphorus diffuse loads.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yutao Wang, Haojie Yin, Ziyi Wang, Yi Li, Pingping Wang, Longfei Wang
Summary: This study investigated the distribution and transformation of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in riverbed sediments impacted by effluent discharge. The authors found that the spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface water and sediment porewater could be used to predict DON variations in riverbed sediments. Random forest and extreme gradient boosting machine learning methods were employed to provide accurate predictions of DON content and properties at different depths. These findings have important implications for wastewater discharge management and river health.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Saba Mirza Alipour, Kolbjorn Engeland, Joao Leal
Summary: This study assesses the uncertainty associated with 100-year flood maps under different scenarios using Monte Carlo simulations. The findings highlight the importance of employing probabilistic approaches for accurate and secure flood maps, with the selection of probability distribution being the primary source of uncertainty in precipitation.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Janine A. de Wit, Marjolein H. J. van Huijgevoort, Jos C. van Dam, Ge A. P. H. van den Eertwegh, Dion van Deijl, Coen J. Ritsema, Ruud P. Bartholomeus
Summary: The study focuses on the hydrological consequences of controlled drainage with subirrigation (CD-SI) on groundwater level, soil moisture content, and soil water potential. The simulations show that CD-SI can improve hydrological conditions for crop growth, but the success depends on subtle differences in geohydrologic characteristics.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Constantin Seidl, Sarah Ann Wheeler, Declan Page
Summary: Water availability and quality issues will become increasingly important in the future due to climate change impacts. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is an effective water management tool, but often overlooked. This study analyzes global MAR applications and identifies the key factors for success, providing valuable insights for future design and application.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)