Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaolei Ye, Ziyi Gao, Ke Xu, Binglin Li, Tao Ren, Xiaokun Li, Rihuan Cong, Zhifeng Lu, Ismail Cakmak, Jianwei Lu
Summary: Magnesium deficiency negatively affects rapeseed growth and photosynthesis, particularly under high light conditions. The deficiency reduces dark reaction and mesophyll conductance to CO2, resulting in photooxidative damage. Additionally, magnesium deficiency leads to changes in leaf structure, further impacting CO2 diffusion rate and substrate availability.
Article
Plant Sciences
Dongliang Xiong, Jaume Flexas
Summary: This study assessed the impact of N supply on leaf anatomical, biochemical, and photosynthetic features in tobacco, revealing that high N treatment led to enhanced photosynthesis due to increased CO2 diffusion conductance and photosynthetic biochemical capacity. The increase in gm in leaves treated with high N was related to changes in leaf anatomy, but the rapid response to N top-dressing could not be fully explained by leaf anatomical modifications.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miao Ye, Zhengcan Zhang, Guanjun Huang, Yong Li
Summary: This study investigated the effects of leaf anatomical traits and environmental stimuli on the photosynthesis of rice plants. It found that the response of mesophyll conductance to temperature was stronger at the mid-tillering stage and with high nitrogen treatment, which could be attributed to a higher activation energy of the membrane.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Guanjun Huang, Yu Shu, Shaobing Peng, Yong Li
Summary: Leaf structural traits, particularly the size of xylem and phloem in the leaf veins, have a significant impact on leaf photosynthesis and hydraulic conductance in rice plants, highlighting the importance of manipulating these overlooked leaf traits to improve photosynthetic efficiency.
Article
Plant Sciences
Wenshi Hu, Zhifeng Lu, Hehe Gu, Xiaolei Ye, Xiaokun Li, Rihuan Cong, Tao Ren, Jianwei Lu
Summary: Leaf growth depends on photosynthesis and hydraulics for carbohydrates and expansion power. Under potassium deficiency, leaf area, photosynthesis, and hydraulics are affected by changes in leaf structure. This study observed the leaf hydraulic conductance and photosynthetic rate of Brassica napus during leaf growth under different levels of potassium supply. The results showed that potassium deficiency decreased leaf hydraulic conductance and photosynthetic rate. It also led to an increase in mesophyll cell investment and a decrease in the volume fraction of intercellular air-space, resulting in reduced leaf expansion rate.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Satoshi Machino, Soichiro Nagano, Kouki Hikosaka
Summary: The temperature dependence of light-saturated photosynthesis varies among different ecotypes, with those from high-altitude and high-latitude habitats showing adaptive photosynthesis at low temperatures. However, the mechanisms for adapting to high-altitude environments may differ from those adapting to high-latitude environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peter Petrik, Anja Petek-Petrik, Mohammad Mukarram, Bernhard Schuldt, Laurent J. Lamarque
Summary: The increasing evaporative demand due to climate change will significantly affect the balance of carbon assimilation and water losses of plants worldwide. The development of crop varieties with improved water-use efficiency (WUE) will be critical for adapting agricultural strategies under predicted future climates. This review aims to summarize the most important leaf morpho-physiological constraints of WUE in C-3 plants and identify gaps in knowledge.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lihua Hao, Zhijie Chang, Yunze Lu, Yinshuai Tian, Haoran Zhou, Yanrui Wang, Liang Liu, Peng Wang, Yunpu Zheng, Juyou Wu
Summary: Under future climate change with elevated CO2 concentration and more frequent drought events, the positive acclimation responses of Chinese pear plantations to elevated [CO2] in terms of leaf photosynthesis are dampened by modifying stomatal morphology and distribution, leaf anatomy, and Rubisco gene expression. Therefore, incorporating drought limitations into current coupled climate-carbon models is necessary to avoid overestimation of the positive responses of Chinese pear plantations to elevated [CO2] and to accurately predict forest carbon sequestration.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhangying Lei, Fang Liu, Ian J. Wright, Marc Carriqui, Ulo Niinemets, Jimei Han, Mengmeng Jia, Brian J. Atwell, Xiaoyan Cai, Wangfeng Zhang, Zhongli Zhou, Yali Zhang
Summary: The study analyzed the influence of cotton domestication on leaf anatomy and mesophyll conductance. It found that domesticated cotton genotypes had higher photosynthetic rates but similar mesophyll conductance to wild genotypes, due to compensating changes in cell wall and cytoplasmic conductances.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hu Sun, Yu-Qi Zhang, Shi-Bao Zhang, Wei Huang
Summary: This study reveals that the decrease in leaf N content delays the induction speeds of net CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, and mesophyll conductance upon transition from low to high light in tomato seedlings. The photosynthetic induction kinetics are mainly affected by the induction response of mesophyll conductance rather than stomatal conductance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Agronomy
Miao Ye, Meng Wu, Yu Zhang, Zeyu Wang, Hao Zhang, Zujian Zhang
Summary: Improving leaf photosynthetic capacity is crucial for increasing crop yield. In C-3 crops, factors limiting leaf photosynthetic capacity include Rubisco activity, CO2 concentration, leaf nitrogen content, leaf morphology and anatomy. Strategies to enhance leaf photosynthetic capacity involve introducing high-activity Rubisco, optimizing leaf nitrogen allocation, modifying leaf structure for better CO2 diffusion, improving sugar transportation and utilization, and introducing C-4 photosynthetic mechanisms.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jie Zou, Wei Hu, Yuxia Li, Honghai Zhu, Jiaqi He, Youhua Wang, Yali Meng, Binglin Chen, Wenqing Zhao, Shanshan Wang, Zhiguo Zhou
Summary: Drought stress negatively affects cotton's photosynthesis by reducing stomatal and mesophyll conductance and perturbing biochemical processes. Increasing mesophyll conductance under dynamic drought conditions can enhance photosynthesis.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Yansen Xu, Zhaozhong Feng, Jinlong Peng, Johan Uddling
Summary: The decline in mesophyll conductance (g(m)) is crucial in limiting photosynthesis in plants exposed to elevated ozone (O-3) levels. Leaf anatomical traits have been known to impact g(m), but the potential effects of O-3-induced changes in leaf anatomy on g(m) are still unclear. In this study, two poplar clones were exposed to elevated O-3 levels. The impacts of O-3 on photosynthetic capacity and anatomical characteristics were assessed to investigate the leaf anatomical properties that potentially affect g(m). Additionally, a global meta-analysis was conducted to explore the general response patterns of g(m) and leaf anatomy to O-3 exposure. The findings suggest that O-3-induced reduction in g(m) is critical in limiting leaf photosynthesis, and the changes in liquid-phase conductance, cell wall thickness, and chloroplast size contribute to this decline under elevated O-3 conditions.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhuang Xiong, Dongliang Xiong, Desheng Yang, Kehui Cui, Shaobing Peng, Jianliang Huang
Summary: This study aims to clarify the crucial limitation of photosynthetic induction under different nitrogen treatments, which may facilitate the improvement of photosynthetic efficiency under complex environments in the future.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shuang Li, Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani, Yingying Zhang, Yueping Liang, Yang Gao, Aiwang Duan
Summary: The study revealed a close coordination between leaf anatomical, hydraulic, and economical traits in tomato seedlings under long-term drought, highlighting the importance of leaf anatomy in maintaining the balance between water supply and CO2 diffusion responses to drought.
Article
Ecology
Liesbeth van den Brink, Rafaella Canessa, Harald Neidhardt, Timo Knuever, Rodrigo S. Rios, Alfredo Saldana, Lohengrin A. Cavieres, Yvonne Oelmann, Maaike Y. Bader, Katja Tielboerger
Summary: Litter decomposition rates are influenced by climate, decomposer organisms, and litter quality. The hypothesis of a home-field advantage, where decomposer communities are locally adapted to accelerate decomposition of local litter, remains controversial and lacks support across different climates. The decomposition process is primarily influenced by litter quality and the overall ability of decomposer communities, rather than the origin or location of the litter.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jose Ortiz, Carolina Hernandez-Fuentes, Patricia L. Saez, Nestor Fernandez Del Saz, Lohengrin A. Cavieres
Summary: There are two main types of leaves in vascular plant species: compound and simple. Compound leaves have higher productivity due to their larger projected area, while simple leaves have higher stress tolerance during drought due to their ability to pack more mass tissue in a smaller projected area. However, compound leaves have more efficient convective cooling, which helps alleviate water loss in drought periods. In Central Chile, both simple and compound leaf species coexist, but the impact of severe droughts on their photosynthetic traits has not been studied. This study found that compound leaf species had higher net photosynthesis (A(N)) and mesophyll conductance (g(m)) under well-watered conditions. However, both leaf types were negatively affected by drought, despite compound leaves having lower foliar temperature. This suggests that the matorral species in Central Chile will be severely impacted in terms of A(N) by the ongoing megadrought in the region.
Correction
Plant Sciences
Jose Ortiz, Carolina Hernandez-Fuentes, Patricia L. Saez, Nestor Fernandez Del Saz, Lohengrin A. Cavieres
Article
Plant Sciences
David Alonso-Forn, Domingo Sancho-Knapik, Maria Dolores Farinas, Miquel Nadal, Ruben Martin-Sanchez, Juan Pedro Ferrio, Victor Resco de Dios, Jose Javier Peguero-Pina, Yusuke Onoda, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, Tomas Gomez Alvarez Arenas, Eustaquio Gil-Pelegrin
Summary: This study examined the leaf anatomical traits and cell wall composition of 25 oak species, and found that the upper epidermis outer wall of the leaves directly contributes to the mechanical strength, and cellulose plays a crucial role in increasing leaf strength and toughness. The principal component analysis clearly separates Quercus species into two groups, corresponding to evergreen and deciduous species.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hu Sun, Shi-Bao Zhang, Jose Javier Peguero-Pina, Wei Huang
Summary: Compared to evergreens, deciduous tree species have higher photosynthetic capacity, which is evolutionally associated with increased stomatal conductance and mesophyll conductance. The difference in mesophyll conductance between the two groups is mainly determined by mesophyll and chloroplast surface area exposed to intercellular air space. Deciduous trees also display a faster induction speed of photosynthesis, mainly due to the maintenance of higher stomatal conductance. These cell-level traits allow deciduous trees to achieve carbon gains comparable to evergreen species despite their shorter growing season.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jorge Gago, Miquel Nadal, Maria Jose Clemente-Moreno, Carlos Maria Figueroa, David Barbosa Medeiros, Neus Cubo-Ribas, Lohengrin Alexis Cavieres, Javier Gulias, Alisdair Robert Fernie, Jaume Flexas, Leon Aloys Bravo
Summary: Deschampsia antarctica is a native vascular plant in Antarctica, and the availability of nutrients in the soil affects its photosynthetic and stress tolerance mechanisms. Plants growing on low-nutrient availability soils have more limiting photosynthetic and stress tolerance performances, while plants in nutrient-rich soils show vigorous growth without appreciable levels of stress.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
C. Hernandez-Fuentes, J. Galmes, L. A. Bravo, L. A. Cavieres
Summary: The study analyzed the intrinsic traits of Phacelia secunda populations from different elevations in the Chilean Andes and their acclimation of photosynthesis to warmer temperatures. The results showed that plants from higher elevations had slightly lower CO2 assimilation rates but increased diffusive components of photosynthesis compared to plants from lower elevations. Moreover, plants from high elevations had lower photosynthetic acclimation to warmer temperatures, indicating higher susceptibility to global warming.
Article
Plant Sciences
Dariel Lopez, Carolina Sanhueza, Haroldo Salvo-Garrido, Luisa Bascunan-Godoy, Leon A. Bravo
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diurnal and nocturnal warming on the freezing resistance of Antarctic vascular plants. The results showed that nocturnal warming weakened the freezing resistance of Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis, leading to reduced expression of dehydrin-like peptides and decreased sucrose content in both species. Therefore, while both species still have some freezing resistance during summer freezing events, C. quitensis may reach its freezing vulnerability limits in the near future if warming in the Antarctic Peninsula continues.
Review
Plant Sciences
Humberto A. Gajardo, Olman Gomez-Espinoza, Pedro Boscariol Ferreira, Helaine Carrer, Leon A. Bravo
Summary: Worldwide food security is threatened by climate change, as major staple crops are not adapted to harsh climatic and soil conditions. Traditional breeding and molecular techniques have been used to maintain crop yield, but additional strategies are needed to meet future food demand. CRISPR/Cas technology and its variants have emerged as alternatives for genetically modifying crops to withstand abiotic stress. This review summarizes current advancements in CRISPR/Cas applications for addressing hostile soil conditions and explores the potential of extreme plants for developing new molecular mechanisms for stress tolerance in crops.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Rafael A. Garcia, Eduardo Fuentes-Lillo, Lohengrin Cavieres, Ana J. Cobar-Carranza, Kimberley T. Davis, Matias Naour, Martin A. Nunez, Bruce D. Maxwell, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Anibal Pauchard
Summary: Pinus contorta is an invasive tree species with significant impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems. It has invaded Araucaria araucana forest and Patagonian steppe ecosystems in southern Chile, leading to changes in microenvironmental conditions and reduced native plant diversity.
Article
Ecology
Richard Michalet, Gianalberto Losapio, Zaal Kikvidze, Rob W. Brooker, Bradley J. Butterfield, Ragan M. Callaway, Lohengrin A. Cavieres, Christopher J. Lortie, Francisco Pugnaire, Christian Schob
Summary: Plant interactions in extreme environments can be studied using paired and random sampling methods, but these methods may be affected by habitat-sharing effects. This study compared the results of the two methods in different levels of environmental heterogeneity and stress. The findings showed that the paired and random sampling methods provided similar results in homogeneous spaces, but the pairwise method yielded higher facilitation estimates than the random method in decreasing abundance gradients. The spatial associations between beneficiary and nurse species varied with increasing stress levels, and there were no differences in results between the two methods at different stress levels in some sites. However, weakly significant differences were found in the Italian site, which were unlikely due to habitat-sharing effects. Overall, the paired sampling method is important in understanding plant interactions in spatially conspicuous environments.
POPULATION ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Jose Javier Peguero-Pina, Domingo Sancho-Knapik, Juan Pedro Ferrio, Ana Lopez-Ballesteros, Marta Ruiz-Llata, Eustaquio Gil-Pelegrin
Summary: Plant water status can be accurately assessed through the contact measurement of leaf reflectance in the NIR water bands, even without a reference wavelength. However, the use of a reference wavelength improves the accuracy of estimation. Leaf water content index (LWCI) also increases the accuracy of estimation when a reference wavelength is used, but it requires the reflectance value at full turgor.
Article
Forestry
Paula Martin-Gomez, Ulises Rodriguez-Robles, Jerome Ogee, Lisa Wingate, Domingo Sancho-Knapik, Jose Peguero-Pina, Jose Victor dos Santos Silva, Eustaquio Gil-Pelegrin, Jesus Peman, Juan Pedro Ferrio
Summary: Drought is projected to occur more frequently and intensely in the future, and its impact on forest functioning will depend on species-specific responses to water stress. A pot experiment with Scots pine and Portuguese oak was conducted to understand the hydraulic traits and water dynamics behind water-saver and water-spender strategies during drought and recovery. The results showed that the leaf-level response was closely linked to the water uptake and storage patterns in the stem.
Article
Plant Sciences
Francisca P. Diaz, Thomas Dussarrat, Gabriela Carrasco-Puga, Sophie Colombie, Sylvain Prigent, Guillaume Decros, Stephane Bernillon, Cedric Cassan, Amelie Flandin, Pablo C. Guerrero, Yves Gibon, Dominique Rolin, Lohengrin A. Cavieres, Pierre Petriacq, Claudio Latorre, Rodrigo A. Gutierrez
Summary: The study reveals the important role of Maihueniopsis camachoi in Atacama plant communities, driving local biodiversity and impacting the molecular phenotypes of nursed species through interactions.