Analysis of serum levels and cutaneous expression of lipoprotein (a) in 38 patients with livedoid vasculopathy

BackgroundCoagulation disorders contribute to the development of livedoid vasculopathy (LV). Elevated plasma levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] are an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and associated with hypercoagulable states. Increased serum Lp(a) levels have been reported in patients with LV and may have an important role in the pathogenesis of LV. ObjectivesTo investigate Lp(a) expression in skin lesions and circulating serum Lp(a) levels in patients with LV. MethodsSkin biopsy samples from 38 patients (27 women and 11 men) with active lesions diagnosed as LV and 9 samples of normal skin (5 women and 4 men) from control patients without LV were evaluated for skin expression of Lp(a) by immunohistochemistry. Plasma levels of Lp(a) were analyzed by immunoturbidimetry. ResultsWe found that lesional skin in patients with LV expressed 10-fold higher Lp(a) immunostaining than controls. High plasma levels of Lp(a) were observed in LV patients. We did not find a correlation (P=.02) between expression of Lp(a) in the skin and plasma levels of Lp(a) in patients with LV. ConclusionsIncreased Lp(a) expression in lesional skin of LV patients suggests the role of Lp(a) in the thrombo-occlusive vasculopathy observed in this disease.