Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Michael Kotik, Natalia Kulik, Katerina Valentova
Summary: Flavonoids and their glycosides are abundant in plant-based foods and studying the glycosylation process is important for understanding their bioactivities and applications.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Sang-Jin Kim, Federica Brandizzi
Summary: MLG, a unique polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, has distinct physical properties compared to cellulose due to its beta 1,3-linkages. Research on the biosynthesis and role of MLG in plant development and cell wall organization is ongoing, with recent studies making significant contributions to understanding its biology.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mingzhu Fan, Jacob K. Jensen, Starla Zemelis-Durfee, Sang-Jin Kim, Jia-Yi Chan, Claudia M. Beaudry, Federica Brandizzi, Curtis G. Wilkerson
Summary: The study identifies a gene encoding a lichenase BdLCH1 in Brachypodium distachyon, which is highly expressed in the endosperm of germinating seeds and chlorenchyma cells of mature leaves. Disruption of BdLCH1 leads to increased mixed-linkage glucan content in senesced leaves, suggesting a role in cell wall modification to support highly metabolically active cells.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Li Zha, Shennan Wang, Lars A. Berglund, Qi Zhou
Summary: In this study, mixed-linkage (1,3;1,4)-beta-D-glucan (MLG) from barley was used as a rehydration medium to improve the redispersion and recycling of dried cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). MLG exhibited an intrinsic affinity to both cellulose and water molecules, similar to plant cell wall. Coating CNFs with MLG facilitated the rehydration of individualized CNFs network. The addition of 10 wt% barley MLG did not affect the mechanical properties of CNF/MLG composites, and the dried CNF/MLG composite film could be successfully redispersed in water and recycled with well-maintained mechanical properties, unlike lichenan, cationic starch, and xyloglucan.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathilde Francin-Allami, Axelle Bouder, Audrey Geairon, Camille Alvarado, Lucie Le-Bot, Sylviane Daniel, Mingqin Shao, Debbie Laudencia-Chingcuanco, John P. Vogel, Fabienne Guillon, Estelle Bonnin, Luc Saulnier, Richard Sibout
Summary: Seeds of Brachypodium distachyon contain low levels of starch and high levels of MLG. MLG is degraded during germination and serves as the main carbohydrate source. The cslf6 mutants modify gene expression and adapt their metabolism to the absence of MLG, suggesting substrate-dependent regulation of storage sugars during germination.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hila Behar, Yaseen Mottiar, Rohan Chandrasekhar, Allegra Corelli Grappadelli, Markus Pauly, A. Lacey Samuels, Shawn D. Mansfield, Harry Brumer
Summary: This study used a hybrid polar plant model, Populus alba x Populus grandidentata (P39), to investigate the expression, subcellular localization, and phenotypes and chemotypes of EG16-downregulated P39 plants. The results showed that Populus EG16 is strongly expressed in young tissues, but RNAi-mediated downregulation did not affect plant growth or the fine structure of hemicellulose xyloglucan, suggesting a restricted or currently unknown role in angiosperm physiology.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sang-Jin Kim, Starla Zemelis-Durfee, Brian Mckinley, Rylee Sokoloski, William Aufdemberge, John Mullet, Federica Brandizzi
Summary: Mixed-linkage glucan (MLG) is a component of the cell wall of grasses and plays important roles in carbohydrate storage and structural support. MLG levels are regulated by cellulose synthase-like (CSL) enzymes and lichenases. In this study, three functional sorghum lichenases were identified and characterized, showing that they are involved in MLG degradation in the extracellular space. The expression of the lichenase genes exhibited specific patterns related to development, cell type, and diurnal regulation. These findings have implications for improving sorghum as a feedstock.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Beijuan Hu, Jie Zhou, Jiayi Dong, Hua Yang, Guilan Yu, Yijiang Hong
Summary: This study tracked and investigated the algae in three fish and mussel mixed culture ponds in a culture base in Nancheng County, Jiangxi Province from January to December 2019. The results showed that the species diversity and richness of algae were higher in summer and autumn, and there was little difference in the whole year. The growth rate of the freshwater pearl mussel in relation to algae followed a seasonal variation pattern.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Laleh Solhi, He Song Sun, Sailesh Haresh Daswani, Shaheen Shojania, Christopher M. K. Springate, Harry Brumer
Summary: Endogenous and exogenous sulfated polysaccharides have potent biological activities, and controlled chemical sulfation of alternative polysaccharides, such as mixed-linkage beta(1,3)/beta(1,4)-glucan (MLG), holds promise to overcome limited availability and heterogeneity of naturally sulfated polysaccharides. By optimizing the degree-of-substitution (DS) externally validated through production of sulfated MLGs (S-MLGs), this study demonstrates a route to medically important polymers from an economical agricultural polysaccharide.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Patrick Jung, Armando Azua-Bustos, Carlos Gonzalez-Silva, Tatiana Mikhailyuk, Daniel Zabicki, Andreas Holzinger, Michael Lakatos, Burkhard Budel
Summary: Utilizing a modern polyphasic approach combining classic morphological studies, DNA-based molecular analyses, and evaluation of ecological properties helps clarify easily confusable unicellular cyanobacterial genera. This study formally describes two novel unicellular cyanobacterial species, Gloeocapsopsis dulcis and Gloeocapsopsis diffluens, inhabiting the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert, and conducts emendation of the genus Gloeocapsopsis and epitypification of the type species Gloeocapsopsis crepidinum.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Charlotte Permann, Klaus Herburger, Martin Felhofer, Notburga Gierlinger, Louise A. Lewis, Andreas Holzinger
Summary: The study found that Zygnematophyceae thriving in high-altitude alpine habitats possess a special means of sexual reproduction, forming resistant zygospores, and successfully induced sexual reproduction under laboratory conditions. This further supports the hypothesis that sexual reproduction in Zygnematophyceae may have played an important role in the evolution of terrestrial plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lukas Pfeifer, Jon Utermoehlen, Kathrin Happ, Charlotte Permann, Andreas Holzinger, Klaus von Schwartzenberg, Birgit Classen
Summary: Charophyte green algae are considered the closest relatives of land plants, and a study found that Spirogyra cell walls contain arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), while Nitellopsis cell walls do not, indicating a difference in the presence of these special glycoproteins between the two late branching CGA.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Andreas Holzinger
Article
Plant Sciences
Tatiana Mikhailyuk, Oksana Vinogradova, Andreas Holzinger, Karin Glaser, Yuri Akimov, Ulf Karsten
Summary: Timaviella Sciuto & Moro is a recently established cryptic genus of cyanobacteria, and Timaviella edaphica is a common terrestrial species but with varying strains. A new species, Timaviella dunensis, is described, along with an expanded description of T. edaphica. The article includes a tabular review of Timaviella species.
Article
Plant Sciences
Charlotte Permann, Mattia Pierangelini, Daniel Remias, Louise A. Lewis, Andreas Holzinger
Summary: This study compares the photophysiological performance and phenolic content of two isolates of Zygnema from subpolar and polar regions. The results show that Zygnema strains cannot adapt to elevated temperatures.
Article
Microbiology
Siegfried Aigner, Erwann Arc, Michael Schletter, Ulf Karsten, Andreas Holzinger, Ilse Kranner
Summary: This study reports on the responses and metabolic adjustments to light, temperature, and desiccation in two algal strains, D. epiphytica and E. mirabilis. The results show that the desiccation-tolerant strain D. epiphytica accumulated more compatible solutes, while the desiccation-sensitive strain C. vulgaris showed greater variation in metabolite accumulation after desiccation and rehydration. These findings are important for understanding the adaptation mechanisms of microalgae.
Review
Plant Sciences
Charlotte Permann, Burkhard Becker, Andreas Holzinger
Summary: Zygnematophyceae green algae have developed various mechanisms to adapt to temperature and light stresses on land, such as self-shading, phenolic compounds, and multilayer cell walls.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Clara Bertel, Dominik Kaplenig, Maria Ralser, Erwann Arc, Filip Kolar, Guillaume Wos, Karl Huelber, Andreas Holzinger, Ilse Kranner, Gilbert Neuner
Summary: The study investigated the leaf traits of alpine and foothill ecotypes of Arabidopsis arenosa and found significant differences in many traits, which may be plastic adjustments to the local environment rather than geographical origins.
Article
Microbiology
Ekaterina Pushkareva, Josef Elster, Andreas Holzinger, Sarina Niedzwiedz, Burkhard Becker
Summary: This study investigates the microbial community composition in biocrusts of arctic and sub-arctic regions. The results show variations in the abundance and diversity of microorganisms in different regions, which are correlated with environmental factors.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Charlotte Permann, Notburga Gierlinger, Andreas Holzinger
Summary: This study investigated the structure and chemical composition of the zygospore cell walls of Spirogyra sp., a class of streptophyte green algae. The zygospore walls were found to have three main layers, composed of different polysaccharides and aromatic compounds. The presence of cellulose fibrils and lipid bodies in the zygospore walls was also observed. These findings provide insights into the complex structure and composition of zygospore cell walls and their potential role in terrestrial colonization and plant evolution.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Andreas Holzinger, Niklas Plag, Ulf Karsten, Karin Glaser
Summary: In this study, Ulvophyceae species Trentepohlia aurea, T. umbrina, and T. jolithus were collected from different locations in Germany. T. aurea showed only partial recovery of photosynthetic yield after desiccation and rehydration, while T. umbrina and T. jolithus fully recovered. T. aurea had the lowest compatible solute concentration and highest C/N ratio, and all Trentepohlia species had high carotenoid to Chl a ratios.
Article
Plant Sciences
Charlotte Permann, Martina Pichrtova, Tereza Soljakova, Klaus Herburger, Pierre-Henri Jouneau, Clarisse Uwizeye, Denis Falconet, Eric Marechal, Andreas Holzinger
Summary: In this study, we analyzed the conjugation process and zygospore morphology of a field-sampled Zygnema strain. The images obtained from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and 3D reconstructions provide insights into the physiological processes involved in the maturation of Zygnema zygospores. These observations help to understand the mechanisms that facilitated the transition from water to land in Zygnematophyceae.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Desiree P. Juchem, Katherina Schimani, Andreas Holzinger, Charlotte Permann, Nelida Abarca, Oliver Skibbe, Jonas Zimmermann, Martin Graeve, Ulf Karsten
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that Antarctic benthic diatoms are able to survive the polar night by utilizing stored lipids, despite variations in the types of fatty acids involved in different species. During the polar night, the chloroplasts degrade, but the photosynthetic performance remains relatively stable. These findings reveal the physiological mechanisms that allow Antarctic benthic diatoms to survive in extreme environments.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Nina Rittmeier, Andreas Holzinger
Summary: This study investigated the chromosome visualization methods in the filamentous green alga Zygnema. Existing protocols were modified to allow reliable chromosome counting in this genus. The challenges of interference from cell wall components and random cell divisions were addressed.