Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong Wei, Qi Chen, Li Lin, Chunli Sha, Taoqiong Li, Yueqin Liu, Xinming Yin, Yuhao Xu, Lu Chen, Wujiang Gao, Yuefeng Li, Xiaolan Zhu
Summary: Cellular communication through the exchange of biological information, mainly in the form of proteins and RNAs, is mediated by extracellular vesicles like exosomes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of exosome secretion and cargo sorting is crucial for shedding light on their physiological and pathological functions, as well as for exploring potential therapeutic opportunities in clinical applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yiwen Chen, Yuxue Zhao, Yiqian Yin, Xiaonan Jia, Lingxiang Mao
Summary: Extracellular vesicles are membranous structures released by cells to transport biomolecules and signaling molecules between cells, with small sEVs and larger EVs being the two main types categorized by size. These vesicles are no longer considered waste products, but rather regulators of intercellular communication with specific cargos sorted into them through different mechanisms.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Joao Vasco Ferreira, Ana da Rosa Soares, Paulo Pereira
Summary: Exosomes, a subtype of extracellular vesicles, play important roles in health and disease by transporting biological information. The mechanisms of protein loading into exosomes are not well understood, but recent research has identified a process mediated by LAMP2A. This process shows similarities to chaperone-mediated autophagy and endosomal microautophagy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shenmin Xie, Qin Zhang, Li Jiang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes, are nanoscale membrane vesicles released by cells and have the potential to uncover unknown cellular and molecular mechanisms in intercellular communication and disease. They are effective drug delivery systems and display complexity in their formation, release, and bioengineering.
Review
Cell Biology
Cherrie D. Sherman, Shweta Lodha, Susmita Sahoo
Summary: EVs, actively secreted by cells, play a significant role in intercellular communication and have therapeutic potential. They can transfer bioactive molecules to maintain cellular homeostasis, diagnose diseases, and treat disease progression. Understanding EV cargo sorting mechanisms and designing therapeutic delivery systems are crucial for utilizing EVs in treating cardiovascular disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sharad Jaswandkar, H. M. Nasrullah Faisal, Kalpana S. Katti, Dinesh R. Katti
Summary: The study provides a comprehensive analysis of F-actin's deformation behavior using steered molecular dynamics simulations, revealing that the dissociation pattern of conformational locks at intrastrand and interstrand G-actin interfaces regulates the deformation response.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Raudenska, Jan Balvan, Michal Masarik
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in organelle turnover, protein quality control, metabolism, and unconventional secretory pathways. The clinical results of autophagy inhibitors are encouraging, but their non-specific effects, such as impacts on endosome-related secretory pathways and extracellular vesicle secretion, need to be further explored. Modulation of autophagy can significantly impact the quantity and content of extracellular vesicles, which is important for both pro-tumourigenic or anticancer effects in cancer treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cristina Bellotti, Andreas Staeuble, Robert Steinfeld
Summary: In this study, the effects of CD9 and folate receptor alpha (FR alpha) on biosynthesis and transduction efficiency of vesicles carrying lentiviral vectors were investigated. The results showed that neither CD9 nor FR alpha, nor the combination of both, could significantly mediate the transduction of therapeutic vesicles carrying lentiviral RNA. Further studies are needed to identify endogenous mammalian proteins that can be used for pseudotyping of viral envelopes to improve viral targeting without inducing immune responses.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ebru Haciosmanoglu Aldogan, Kemal Alper Onsu, Cemil Can Saylan, Basak Guncer, Sefer Baday, Muhammet Bektas
Summary: Cucurbitacins have high economic value as a source of food and for their pharmacological properties. This study investigates the direct effect of Cucurbitacin I (CuI) on actin dynamics and reveals a potential role as an actin-targeting drug.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Andreia M. Silva, Elisa Lazaro-Ibanez, Anders Gunnarsson, Aditya Dhande, George Daaboul, Ben Peacock, Xabier Osteikoetxea, Nikki Salmond, Kristina Pagh Friis, Olga Shatnyeva, Niek Dekker
Summary: This study introduced a workflow for accurately quantifying the efficiency of different EV-sorting proteins in promoting cargo loading into EVs. By using a combination of techniques, TSPAN14, CD63, and CD63/CD81 fused to the PDGFR beta transmembrane domain were identified as the most efficient EV-sorting proteins, accumulating an average of 50-170 single GFP molecules per vesicle.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Sebastian Baenfer, Sophie Kutscher, Fenja Fleck, Martina Dienst, Christian Preusser, Elke Pogge von Strandmann, Ralf Jacob
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate that E-cadherin can be recruited into the membrane of extracellular vesicles through a specific domain in its cytoplasmic tail that interacts with Tsg101. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the formation and function of extracellular vesicles.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kathleen Scheffler, Federica Giannini, Tom Lemonnier, Binyam Mogessie
Summary: Formation of healthy mammalian eggs requires specialised F-actin structures, which decline with female reproductive ageing. Manipulating the transfer of actin monomers in the nucleus affects oocyte development. This study provides insights into the cellular structural defects associated with female infertility.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hong Wang, Haizhou Wang, Xueyan Li, Wen Xu
Summary: This study reveals a novel molecular mechanism underlying MuRF-1-mediated internal laryngeal muscle denervated atrophy, in which MuRF-1 promotes the disequilibrium of the G/F-actin ratio by regulating G-actin ubiquitination.