Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shan Zhang, Yanru You, Yachong Li, Hairui Yuan, Jie Zhou, Lijie Tian, Ying Liu, Baoli Wang, Endong Zhu
Summary: Foxk1 promotes adipocyte differentiation by facilitating nuclear translocation and upregulating the transcriptional activity of the Ppar gamma 2 promoter.
Article
Biology
Catarina Teixeira, Andre P. Sousa, Ines Santos, Ana Catarina Rocha, Ines Alencastre, Ana Claudia Pereira, Daniela Martins-Mendes, Pedro Barata, Pilar Baylina, Ruben Fernandes
Summary: This study demonstrates that pioglitazone enhances adipocyte differentiation and secretome production, making it an excellent model for studying adiposity. The study also proposes an improved method for adipocyte secretome production, which can be used for experimental biology studies to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of adiposity on other cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weibei Sheng, Qichang Wang, Haotian Qin, Siyang Cao, Yihao Wei, Jian Weng, Fei Yu, Hui Zeng
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that is exacerbated by population aging, resulting in a significant economic burden. Current therapies are inadequate, but research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) shows promise in slowing OA progression. PPARs have emerged as potential targets for effective OA treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chaitra Rai, C. D. Nandini, Poornima Priyadarshini
Summary: The study demonstrated the anti-adipogenic activity of bovine milk Glycosaminoglycans (bmGAGs) by modulating adipogenesis-related marker proteins, suggesting a potential therapeutic use of bmGAGs in the management of obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Julie Cremer, Laura Brohee, Laura Dupont, Camille Lefevre, Raphael Peiffer, Alicia M. Saarinen, Olivier Peulen, Laure Bindels, Jun Liu, Alain Colige, Christophe F. Deroanne
Summary: Bidirectional interactions between cancer cells and adipocytes in the microenvironment play a critical role in tumor progression. Acidification of the extracellular medium induced by cancer cells promotes preadipocyte lipolysis, which affects the phenotype of cancer cells and their response to chemotherapy. G0S2 is identified as the main regulator of cancer-induced lipolysis, and its adipocyte-specific overexpression inhibits mammary tumor growth and lung metastasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
L. Riegler-Berket, L. Wechselberger, I. K. Cerk, K. M. Padmanabha Das, R. Viertlmayr, N. Kulminskaya, C. F. Rodriguez Gamez, M. Schweiger, R. Zechner, R. Zimmermann, M. Oberer
Summary: The protein encoded by the G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) is an important regulator of intracellular lipolysis as it inhibits adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Through mutagenesis and truncation studies, the minimal sequence required for ATGL inhibition was determined to range from amino acids 20 to 44, with specific residues within this sequence playing a substantial role in inhibition. Additionally, it was found that unspecific interactions of the N-terminal part further facilitate the interaction between G0S2 and ATGL.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peng-Long Li, Mei Li, Zhenya Wang, Xiao-Ming Wang, Shuai-Yang Liu, Song Tian, Zhou-Xiang Wang, Xu Cheng, Yufeng Hu, Peng Zhang, Zhi-Gang She, Hailong Yang, Hongliang Li, Xiao-Jing Zhang
Summary: This study aims to identify promising drug candidates by targeting PPAR gamma for adipogenesis-based metabolic homeostasis and clarify the detailed mechanisms. Magnolol was identified as a potent adipogenesis activator by stabilizing PPAR gamma, providing a new avenue for the therapy of adipogenesis-related metabolic disorder.
Review
Cell Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Florian Nima Fleckenstein, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Preeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, and PPARs play a significant role in its pathophysiology. Studies have shown contradictory conclusions regarding PPAR expression in preeclamptic placentae, but PPAR gamma agonists have been identified as a novel and potent anti-preeclamptic treatment option.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Constantinos Troungos, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract in the United States. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptor proteins which regulate gene expression. In our literature review of 27 relevant studies published between 2000 and 2023, it was found that PPAR alpha and PPAR beta/delta isoforms were upregulated in endometrial cancer cells, while PPAR gamma levels were significantly lower. Interestingly, PPAR agonists were found to be potent anti-cancer therapeutic alternatives. Overall, PPARs seem to play a significant role in endometrial cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yusuke Nakatsu, Takeshi Yamamotoya, Mizuki Okumura, Tetsuhiro Ishii, Mayu Kanamoto, Miki Naito, Mikako Nakanishi, Shunya Aoyama, Yasuka Matsunaga, Akifumi Kushiyama, Hideyuki Sakoda, Midori Fujishiro, Hiraku Ono, Tomoichiro Asano
Summary: Deleting the Pin1 gene in epiWAT promotes lipolysis and increases ATGL protein expression. Pin1 directly associates with ATGL, enhancing its degradation through the ubiquitin proteasome system. AdipoPin1 KO mice under a high fat diet exhibit higher lipolytic activity and improved glucose metabolism.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gernot F. Grabner, Nikolaus Guttenberger, Nicole Mayer, Anna K. Migglautsch-Sulzer, Christian Lembacher-Fadum, Nermeen Fawzy, Dominik Bulfon, Peter Hofer, Thomas Zuellig, Lennart Hartig, Natalia Kulminskaya, Gabriel Chalhoub, Margarita Schratter, Franz P. W. Radner, Karina Preiss-Landl, Sarah Masser, Achim Lass, Rudolf Zechner, Karl Gruber, Monika Oberer, Rolf Breinbauer, Robert Zimmermann
Summary: This study reports the development and biological characterization of the first small-molecule inhibitor of human ATGL. This inhibitor selectively inactivates ATGL in humans and nonhuman primates, providing a potential therapeutic option for lipotoxicity-driven disorders.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hao Yu, Xinxing Gao, Qilai Ge, Wenjun Tai, Xue Hao, Qi Shao, Zhiyuan Fang, Meng Chen, Yuxiang Song, Wenwen Gao, Guowen Liu, Xiliang Du, Xinwei Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of TNF-a on adiponectin production in calf adipocytes and to identify the underlying mechanism. The researchers found that TNF-a reduced adiponectin production by attenuating PPAR? transcriptional activity. This suggests that locally elevated levels of TNF-a in adipose tissue may contribute to the decrease in circulating adiponectin in periparturient dairy cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Renshuai Zhang, Jingsen Meng, Shanbo Yang, Wenjing Liu, Lingyu Shi, Jun Zeng, Jing Chang, Bing Liang, Ning Liu, Dongming Xing
Summary: The hypoxic state of the tumor microenvironment leads to the reprogramming of lipid metabolism in tumor cells. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is an important lipid metabolism-regulating enzyme that is regulated under hypoxia induction. However, the role of ATGL in tumorigenesis varies depending on the cancer cell type and site of tumor formation.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Enrico D'Aniello, Pietro Amodeo, Rosa Maria Vitale
Summary: This review provides an overview of discovery, optimization, and structure-activity relationship studies on PPAR modulators from marine sources, as well as the structural and computational studies that led to their identification and/or elucidation, and rationalization of their mechanisms of action.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lianggong Ding, Wenfei Sun, Miroslav Balaz, Anyuan He, Manuel Klug, Stefan Wieland, Robert Caiazzo, Violeta Raverdy, Francois Pattou, Philippe Lefebvre, Irfan J. Lodhi, Bart Staels, Markus Heim, Christian Wolfrum
Summary: The study elucidates a cellular mechanism for sensing cellular fatty acid levels and adjusting lipolysis as needed, involving peroxisomal degradation of fatty acids, production of reactive oxygen species, and post-translational regulation of adipose triglyceride lipase.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai, Sravanthi Davuluri, Kriti Tiwary, Sithalechumi Narayanan, Sailaja Oguru, Kavyashree Basavaraju, Deena Dayalan, Kavitha Thirumurugan, Kshitish K. Acharya
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2020)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Debarati Chattopadhyay, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Vinod Kumar, Mouliganesh Sekar, Priyanka Sarkar, Kshitish K. Acharya, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: The study identified differentially expressed HOX genes in adipocytes during development by analyzing microarray datasets. It suggested a regulatory role of PPAR-γ/RAR in HOX gene expression during adipogenesis. This was supported by experiments showing PPAR-γ suppression leading to upregulation of specific HOX genes.
Article
Cell Biology
Alyssa Charrier, Xuan Xu, Bo-Jhih Guan, Justine Ngo, Anthony Wynshaw-Boris, Maria Hatzoglou, David A. Buchner
Summary: This study revealed the crucial role of ZFP407 in regulating PPAR-γ in adipocytes, and its expression in adipogenesis and tissues is associated with lipodystrophy and insulin resistance.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Debasish Roy, Andrea Tedeschi
Summary: Lipids, particularly phospholipids, play a crucial role in axonal and dendritic growth, regeneration, and neuronal function. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism can impede axon regeneration and contribute to neurological complications post-CNS trauma. Modulating lipid metabolism presents a promising therapeutic strategy for improving neurological recovery after injury or disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Priyanka Sarkar, Premkumar Jayaraj, Ketaki Patwardhan, Samiksha Yeole, Sourajit Das, Yash Somaiya, Rajagopal Desikan, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between ageing and insulin resistance in Drosophila, revealing 98 common genes associated with metabolic pathways, fatty acid metabolism, insulin resistance, and neural receptor-ligand binding pathways. Further research showed that the TRKB signaling pathway is commonly affected across various diseases, including the BDNF pathway that regulates memory function.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Lina Acevedo Rua, Marcus Mumme, Cristina Manferdini, Salim Darwiche, Ahmad Khalil, Morgane Hilpert, David A. Buchner, Gina Lisignoli, Paola Occhetta, Brigitte von Rechenberg, Martin Haug, Dirk J. Schaefer, Marcel Jakob, Arnold Caplan, Ivan Martin, Andrea Barbero, Karoliina Pelttari
Summary: N-TEC can maintain cartilaginous properties, alter the inflammatory profile of cells in osteoarthritic joints, and survive engraftment in mouse and sheep models. Clinical trials on two OA patients showed safety and efficacy, with reduced pain and improved joint function reported after 14 months.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Mouliganesh Sekar, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: Obesity is a disease caused by an imbalance of adipose tissue function, and autophagy and adipogenesis are important mechanisms in its regulation. Autophagy regulates adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism, while adipogenesis and lipolysis are associated with the occurrence of obesity.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Prashanth S. S. Javali, Mouliganesh Sekar, Ashish Kumar, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: This review paper explores the dynamic aspects of redox signaling in aging by focusing on autophagy, inflammation, and senescence. It discusses ROS sources, redox signaling in autophagy, regulation of autophagy in aging, and explores the relationship between inflammation and redox signaling through various pathways. The paper also highlights the role of oxidative damage as an aging marker and the contribution of pathophysiological factors to aging. Lastly, it suggests that balancing ROS levels and establishing effective communication between autophagy, inflammation, and senescence could help reduce age-related disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Riya Ben Patel, Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: The study used bioinformatics and computational approaches to analyze differential miRNA profiles and predict drug targets in ALS. Eight highly differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, four of which are novel. Protein-protein interaction network and Cytoscape analysis identified 42 hub genes for these miRNAs, including Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) as a candidate gene for the down-regulated miRNA hsa-miR-455-3p. KEGG pathway analysis revealed a novel association between hsa-miR-455-3p/APP/serotonergic pathway. Molecular docking studies identified curcumin as a potential drug target for ALS.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prashanth S. Javali, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: Vaibhdang, an Ayurvedic treatment for Crohn's and UC, utilizes embelin as its main component. This study investigates the molecular targets and mechanisms of embelin in UC using various techniques. The results suggest that embelin may act on the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways to treat ulcerative colitis.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Ashish Kumar, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: Normal somatic cells undergo finite cellular divisions, but they can be arrested in response to various stressors such as oxidative stress, oncogene-induced abnormalities, genotoxic stress, and telomere attrition. Repair mechanisms are activated during the cell cycle pause caused by stress, and the nature of the stress determines whether repair or permanent arrest occurs. Quiescence allows damaged cells to repair and return to the cell cycle, while senescence is irreversible and leads to age-related disorders.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Debasish Roy, Julia M. Myers, Andrea Tedeschi
Summary: This article provides a detailed protocol for assessing ex vivo lipolysis of subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue. The protocol describes a robust approach to detect depot-specific changes in lipolytic potential under basal and beta-adrenergic receptor-stimulated conditions, which can be used to determine changes in adipose tissue function in health and disease.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Premkumar Jayaraj, Priyanka Sarkar, Sreyoshi Routh, Chaitanya Sarathe, Rajagopal Desikan, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: This study synthesized lipoic acid-sesamol conjugate (LSC) using phytonutrients and analyzed its chemical structure and biological properties. The experiments showed that lower concentrations of LSC increased the survival rate of fruit flies and provided longevity under heat shock, oxidative stress, and starvation stress. This discovery has great significance in the field of anti-aging research.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Vaibhav Tiwary, Priyanka Sarkar, Kavitha Thirumurugan
Summary: The study on the effect of naringenin and ellagic acid in the MTT assay revealed that naringenin had a better ability to reduce MTT than ellagic acid under specific conditions, highlighting the need for caution when using MTT assay to measure the metabolic activity of cells treated with phytocompounds.
NATURAL PRODUCTS JOURNAL
(2021)