Article
Clinical Neurology
Woojin Cho, Wenhai Wang, Brandon Bucklen, Rafael De la Garza Ramos, Reza Yassari
Summary: This study utilized finite element analysis to investigate the role of biological fusion and anterior column support in long lumbopelvic spinal fixation. The results showed that the major failure group had higher stresses compared to the nonfailure group, but simulated posterior fusion helped reduce stresses, while the addition of anterior fusion played a crucial role in reducing S1 screw stress.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sameer A. Kitab, Andrew E. Wakefield, Edward C. Benzel
Summary: This study explored the association between DLSS and native lumbar lordosis (LL) subtypes and found that LL did not decrease after multilevel decompression, instead showing an increasing trend. Significant changes in pelvic tilt and sacral slope were observed in different Roussouly subtypes, and the critical lumbar segment recruiting LL varied between the subtypes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Satya Eswara SanyasiRao Kolli, Govardhan Bhatt
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of the application of the negative stiffness mechanism in the design of dampers for seismic protection of structures. By employing negative stiffness devices, the large base deformation restriction can be solved, leading to a significant reduction in the acceleration of the superstructure and base shear.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Wai Hon Chooi, Chong Yi Ng, Valerie Ow, Jasmine Harley, Winanto Ng, Jin-Hui Hor, Kay En Low, Benoit Malleret, Kun Xue, Shi-Yan Ng
Summary: In this study, it is demonstrated that alginate hydrogels can replace Matrigel for spinal cord organoid generation. Alginate encapsulation reduces variability in organoid size and supports neurogenesis and gliogenesis. Alginate-based organoid cultures are also shown to be feasible as disease models, with observed protein mislocalization in mutant organoids.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shayan Safaei, Gregory A. MacRae, Abdolreza S. Moghadam
Summary: This paper investigates the seismic performance of one-story one-bay steel moment-resisting frames with flexible column bases from theoretical and numerical perspectives. It is shown that increasing the base flexibility decreased the column top moment for medium to long period elastic structures, thereby reducing the possibility of a soft-story mechanism. For inelastic systems, column top plastic hinge rotation tended to increase for short/medium periods.
JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Clayton Pettit, Erum Mohsin, Carlos Cruz-Noguez, Alaa Elwi
Summary: Currently, masonry design provisions neglect the contribution of foundation stiffness to the strength and bending moment distribution of slender masonry walls. Experimental results show that increasing the rotational base stiffness improves the load-bearing capacity and reduces deflections of the walls. Both codes tend to underestimate the effective flexural rigidity of the walls.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sudip Chowdhury, Arnab Banerjee, Sondipon Adhikari
Summary: This paper introduces a method of combining negative stiffness devices with inerters to traditional base isolators and tuned mass dampers. The optimal design parameters of these novel passive vibration dampers are derived using H2 and H & INFIN; optimization methods. The results show that the optimized negative stiffness inerter-based base isolators and tuned mass dampers outperform traditional base isolators and tuned mass dampers in terms of dynamic response reduction capacity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Masoud Malakoutian, Alex M. Noonan, Iraj Dehghan-Hamani, Shun Yamamoto, Sidney Fels, David Wilson, Majid Doroudi, Peter Schutz, Stephen Lewis, Tamir Ailon, John Street, Stephen H. M. Brown, Thomas R. Oxland
Summary: This study investigated the biomechanical and histopathological properties of paraspinal muscles from patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) and predicted the effect of altered biomechanical properties on spine loading.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kenneth K. Walsh, Grace Sallar, John T. Haftman, Eric P. Steinberg
Summary: The study investigates a new energy dissipation system, D-BASED, which combines RPSD and PNSD components to improve the performance of base-isolated buildings by reducing drifts and foundation forces.
STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Masoud Malakoutian, C. Antonio Sanchez, Stephen H. M. Brown, John Street, Sidney Fels, Thomas R. Oxland
Summary: This study investigated the effects of five muscle biomechanical properties on spinal loading, revealing that changes in passive stiffness, slack sarcomere length, in situ sarcomere length, and specific tension significantly impact intradiscal pressure. The study also found interesting interactions between these parameters.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jose Restrepo, Mario E. Rodriguez
Summary: This paper presents a mechanistic model for calculating stiffness modifiers for reinforced concrete rectangular columns and describes a simplified equation for seismic design. The accuracy of the model and simplified equation was ensured through calibration and parametric analysis.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sharon M. H. Tsang, Grace P. Y. Szeto, Angelina K. C. Yeung, Eva Y. W. Chun, Caroline N. C. Wong, Edwin C. M. Wu, Raymond Y. W. Lee
Summary: This study found that patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain were able to recover to a comparable level of healthy controls in terms of their lumbopelvic movement and motor control pattern after a 6-week rehabilitation program, with more profound and positive changes shown during the flexion phase. The improvement of physical outcome measures suggests that a specific rehabilitation program emphasizing on optimizing motor control during movements would help promoting the functional recovery of this specific low back pain subgroup.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Vanessa Ramirez, Farshid Ghezelbash, Aboulfazl Shirazi-Adl, Babak Bazrgari
Summary: Heavy deadlifts are commonly used in the U.S. Army for physical fitness screening, but their biomechanical impact and risk of low-back injury are still unknown. A study using a musculoskeletal model found that during a 68 kg deadlift, the forces on the L5-S1 spinal segment reached peak levels that exceeded the threshold for injury. Personalization and changes in lumbopelvic rhythm had minimal effects on predictions, while increasing muscle moment arms significantly decreased compressive and shearing forces. The study suggests that heavy deadlifts may pose a risk of chronic injury and low-back pain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
D. Wang, M. I. Friswell
Summary: This study investigates the impact of a flexible point support on raising the natural frequency of a thin bending plate, analyzing the frequency changes caused by support movement and finding the optimal support design by solving eigenvalue problems. The results show that including support mass can significantly increase the minimum support stiffness required, while the optimal support position remains consistent.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Robert Czabanski, Michal Jezewski, Jacek Leski, Krzysztof Horoba, Janusz Wrobel, Radek Martinek, Katerina Barnova
Summary: The paper proposes a method to simplify a rule base of zero order Takagi-Sugeno-Kang fuzzy classifier by determining epsilon-similar rules based on fuzzy clustering. The method uses an evolution strategy to determine clustering parameters for optimal performance. The work focuses on the practical application of supporting fetal condition diagnosis based on CTG signal analysis, and the experiments confirm the high generalization ability of the refined fuzzy classifier.
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
(2023)