Review
Food Science & Technology
Roua Gabriela Popescu, Andreea Luminita Radulescu, Sergiu Emil Georgescu, Anca Dinischiotu
Summary: Feeding farm animals with aflatoxin-contaminated feed can have severe toxic effects, causing harm to the metabolism and organs of swine. Understanding the metabolism and detoxification processes of aflatoxins is crucial for preventing aflatoxicosis.
Article
Mycology
Erica D. Pack, Sarah Weiland, Rob Musser, David G. Schmale
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of several mycotoxins in swine feed and found that the majority of samples contained DON, with some also containing other mycotoxins; DON concentrations in all sample types were below the national advisory limits, with increased DDGS associated with higher DON levels in feed.
MYCOTOXIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Debora Muratori Holanda, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: The occurrence of mycotoxins, especially aflatoxins and Fusarium toxins, poses a challenge to pig production globally. Their toxic effects impair the health and growth of pigs. Effective mycotoxin-detoxifying agents are needed to improve pig health and performance, and enhance the sustainable use of crops.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Zitong Zhao, Zhenzhen Zhang, Haoxiang Zhang, Zhihong Liang
Summary: Small peptides, derived from various peptide libraries, show great potential in mycotoxin detection and the construction of artificial enzymes for mycotoxin degradation. By mimicking the catalytic sites of natural enzymes, small peptides can be used to develop artificial enzymes with oxidoreductase, hydrolase, and lyase activities.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Violetta Mohos, Zelma Faisal, Eszter Fliszar-Nyul, Lajos Szente, Miklos Poor
Summary: In this study, it was found that the insoluble beta-cyclodextrin bead polymer (BBP) effectively extracted certain mycotoxins such as citrinin, dihydrocitrinone, sterigmatocystin, zearalanone, alpha-zearalanol, and beta-zearalanol at different pH values. Ochratoxin A was most effectively removed by BBP at pH 3.0. This suggests that BBP could be a suitable mycotoxin binder for decontamination and analytical purposes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abdelhacib Kihal, Maria Rodriguez-Prado, Sergio Calsamiglia
Summary: Mycotoxin binders play a vital role in reducing mycotoxin contamination in animal feeds. The adsorption capacity of different mycotoxin binders varies, with activated carbon showing the highest adsorption capacity. Aflatoxins are the most adsorbed mycotoxin. However, the binding process may also result in the adsorption of essential nutrients. The selection of appropriate mycotoxin binders should consider the predominant mycotoxin in feeds.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Marek Sinkora, Katerina Stepanova, Jana Sinkorova
Summary: Based on experiments that show differences in immunoglobulin chain rearrangement between pigs and other species, it is suggested that there may be more groups of mammals with varied developmental pathways for B cell generation.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Dorit Kalo, Paz Mendelson, Alisa Komsky-Elbaz, Hillary Voet, Zvi Roth
Summary: There is growing concern about the effects of mycotoxins on mammalian reproduction, especially the impact of their mixtures on spermatozoon quality. This study investigated the effects of single mycotoxins and their combinations on frozen-thawed bull semen. The results showed that ternary mixtures of mycotoxins reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased reactive oxygen species in spermatozoa. The study highlights the potential risks of exposing spermatozoa to mycotoxin mixtures.
Article
Virology
Chen Chen, Deping Hua, Jingxuan Shi, Zheng Tan, Min Zhu, Kun Tan, Lilin Zhang, Jinhai Huang
Summary: A recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) vaccine was constructed to control African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection, which induced specific antibody production in pigs, enhanced mucosal immunity, and improved cell adhesion and phagocytosis capabilities.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jinghua Chang, Hao Luo, Lin Li, Junnan Zhang, Jagger Harvey, Yueju Zhao, Guangtao Zhang, Yang Liu
Summary: Maize gluten meal (MGM) is a preferred ingredient in animal feed due to its high protein content. However, the high prevalence of mycotoxins in maize poses a significant challenge to its use. This paper reviews the occurrence of mycotoxins in maize, their distribution during MGM production, and strategies for mycotoxin risk management in MGM.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ismail Zabiulla, Venkataramaiah Malathi, H. V. L. N. Swamy, Jaya Naik, Lane Pineda, Yanming Han
Summary: The experiment investigated the efficacy of a smectite-based clay binder in reducing the toxicological effects of aflatoxin B-1 in broiler chickens. The results showed that supplementation of this clay binder improved growth performance, reduced liver toxicity, and enhanced humoral immune response in broilers.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guangfei Wei, Xiaotong Guo, Yichuan Liang, Congsheng Liu, Guozhuang Zhang, Conglian Liang, Zhixin Huang, Yuqing Zheng, Shilin Chen, Linlin Dong
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the contamination levels of mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi in herbal medicines and establish a rapid method for detecting toxin-producing fungi. The results showed high contamination rates of aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxins, and fumonisins in herbal medicines. Several species of Aspergillus were identified as key toxin-producing fungi. Using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction, toxin synthesis genes were successfully detected. This study provided valuable insights into the contamination status of fungi and mycotoxins in herbal medicines and developed a rapid method for detecting toxigenic fungi.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Insaf Riahi, Antonio J. Ramos, Jog Raj, Zdenka Jakovcevic, Hunor Farkas, Marko Vasiljevic, Anna Maria Perez-Vendrell
Summary: The contamination of animal feed with mycotoxins is a global concern, leading to adverse effects on productivity and animal health. The addition of detoxifying agents, such as MMDA, to contaminated diets can alleviate the negative impact of mycotoxins on broiler chickens.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jing Yi Ong, Andrew Pike, Ling Ling Tan
Summary: This article discusses the issues of mycotoxins in food and feed, emphasizing the importance of early detection as a cost-effective method for ensuring food safety. The development of biosensors, including affinity columns and aptasensors, for the quantitative analysis of mycotoxins is highlighted. The review also covers the advancements in electrochemical transducers and aptasensors, with a brief introduction to commercially available mycotoxin detection kits.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Agnieszka Tkaczyk, Piotr Jedziniak
Summary: Farm animals, especially pigs, are susceptible to mycotoxin exposure which poses a significant food safety issue. Biomarkers have become a popular method for evaluating mycotoxin exposure in pigs, with tandem mass spectrometry commonly used for quantification. Sample preparation for multi-mycotoxin methods remains a challenge, but various strategies are being explored to address this issue.
