Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Ed Hilt, Yongliang S. Sun, Thomas W. McCloskey, Steve Eck, Thomas McIntosh, Katharine D. Grugan, David F. Lanham, Nathan Standifer, Cherie Green, Virginia Litwin, Jennifer J. Stewart
Summary: Flow cytometry is well-suited for monitoring drug-to-target engagement through receptor occupancy assays (ROA), but there are challenges in the design and implementation, especially in cases of receptor modulation or low target-antigen expression levels. Best practices for designing, optimizing, and validating ROA are proposed to address these challenges.
CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Xiao L. Chang, Helen L. Wu, Gabriela M. Webb, Meenakshi Tiwary, Colette Hughes, Jason S. Reed, Joseph Hwang, Courtney Waytashek, Carla Boyle, Cleiton Pessoa, Andrew W. Sylwester, David Morrow, Karina Belica, Miranda Fischer, Scott Kelly, Nader Pourhassan, Rachele M. Bochart, Jeremy Smedley, Christopher P. Recknor, Scott G. Hansen, Jonah B. Sacha
Summary: CCR5 plays a central role in infectious diseases, host defense, and cancer progression, making it an ideal target for therapeutic development. The study introduces two flow cytometric methods for calculating CCR5 RO, showing sensitivity and correlation in macaques treated with Leronlimab.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Herranz-Blanco, Elza Daoud, Paola Vigano, Juan Antonio Garcia-Velasco, Enrico Colli
Summary: Endometriosis affects more than 10% of women of reproductive age and significantly impacts their quality of life. Diagnosis often takes several years due to the invasive nature of the gold standard diagnostic method, laparoscopy. Two studies were conducted to develop a diagnostic test combining serum biomarkers and clinical variables, resulting in a specific and accurate test for early disease identification.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shibani Mitra-Kaushik, Anita Mehta-Damani, Jennifer J. Stewart, Cherie Green, Virginia Litwin, Christele Gonneau
Summary: This review briefly outlines the history and significance of cellular analysis tools, emphasizing the interplay between technological advancements and a deeper understanding of cellular biology, as well as the importance of cellular biomarkers in drug development. Recent advances in single-cell analysis are also highlighted for providing more robust cellular measurements and accelerating the development of novel therapies.
Review
Immunology
Jessica M. Zielinski, Jason J. Luke, Silvia Guglietta, Carsten Krieg
Summary: High throughput single cell multi-omics platforms have enabled unprecedented insights into biological and clinical questions, creating whole atlases of cell types and interaction networks. Combining different -omic workflows on a single cell level can help examine cellular phenotypes and immune effector functions, as well as accelerate cellular biomarker discovery and definition of druggable target pathways. Challenges in the field include sharing disruptive technologies to scientific communities while incorporating new approaches like genomic cytometry and single cell metabolomics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Alessandra Audia, Gregory Bannish, Rachel Bunting, Chelsea Riveley
Summary: This article discusses the importance of developing, optimizing, and validating a robust Receptor Occupancy Assay (ROA) to improve dose selection, pharmacology monitoring, and safety in clinical settings. The design of an ROA may be challenging and can lead to exaggerated pharmacology if not accurately developed, optimized, and validated. Improvements in understanding epitopes, binding, affinities, and pharmacological effects may lead to better antibody drug targeting and receptor evaluation.
EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Debora Zini Baldasso, Joao Antonio Guizzo, Claudia Cerutti Dazzi, Gabriela Carolina Paraboni Frandoloso, Cesar Feronato, Stephan von Berg, Roberto Mauricio Carvalho Guedes, Heather Lynne Wilson, Luiz Carlos Kreutz, Rafael Frandoloso
Summary: L. intracellularis is the causative agent of porcine proliferative enteropathy. A new immunological method called FCAT was developed for the detection of porcine anti-L. intracellularis IgGs, which showed high sensitivity and specificity. The study also confirmed the high prevalence of L. intracellularis in Brazilian pig farms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Julien Demagny, Camille Roussel, Mailys Le Guyader, Eric Guiheneuf, Veronique Harrivel, Thomas Boyer, Momar Diouf, Michael Dussiot, Yohann Demont, Loic Garon
Summary: This study presents a method combining imaging flow cytometry and artificial intelligence for the direct label-free and operator-independent quantification of schistocytes in whole blood. By training a support vector machine blood elements' classifier, the method can reliably diagnose thrombotic microangiopathy syndrome in emergency situations.
Article
Immunology
Muthya Pragun Acharya, Sai Pallavi Pradeep, Venkataramappa Srinivasa Murthy, Panduranga Chikkannaiah, Vivekanand Kambar, Satyanarayana Narayanashetty, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Dr Niveditha, Raksha Yoganand, Vijaya Satchidanandam
Summary: The study found that the Mtb-specific CD38(+)CD27(-)TNF-α(+)CD4(+) T-cell subset can serve as a robust biomarker for diagnosing and assessing cure of tuberculosis. Experiments with this biomarker showed significant efficacy in distinguishing infected individuals with active tuberculosis from those without disease.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Courtney L. L. McMahon, Marisol Esqueda, Jieh-Juen Yu, Gina Wall, Jesus A. A. Romo, Taissa Vila, Ashok Chaturvedi, Jose L. L. Lopez-Ribot, Floyd Wormley, Chiung-Yu Hung
Summary: Automated imaging techniques are increasingly in demand for advanced analysis and efficient characterization of cellular phenotypes. We have developed a novel image-profiling method using an imaging flow cytometer that can measure over 250 features of a single fungal cell. This technique has potential applications in antifungal drug development and screening for compounds with novel antifungal activity.
Article
Immunology
Andreas Peinelt, Melanie Bremm, Hermann Kreyenberg, Claudia Cappel, Julia Banisharif-Dehkordi, Stephanie Erben, Eva Rettinger, Andrea Jarisch, Roland Meisel, Paul-Gerhardt Schlegel, Olaf Beck, Gesine Bug, Jan-Henning Klusmann, Thomas Klingebiel, Sabine Huenecke, Peter Bader
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a potent new treatment option for relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies. Reliable detection methods for CAR T cells are essential for monitoring therapy activity. In this study, a flow cytometric assay was validated for peripheral blood CD19 CAR T cell detection. The assay showed precise and linear quantification, with a detection limit of 0.05% of T cells or 22 CAR T cell events. CAR T cell detection correlated well with real-time PCR, and stability testing showed decreased CAR T cell values within one day after sample collection. The study also observed long-term CAR T cell detectability and B cell aplasia in most patients, but some patients experienced B cell recovery. Repeat CAR T cell infusions led to limited re-expansions. CAR T cells showed a different distribution of T cell subsets compared to all T cells. Overall, flow cytometric CAR T cell detection is reliable if measurements start without delay and sufficient T cell counts are given.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hazem Ahmed, Livio Gisler, Nehal H. Elghazawy, Claudia Keller, Wolfgang Sippl, Steven H. Liang, Ahmed Haider, Simon M. Ametamey
Summary: GluN2B-enriched NMDARs are associated with several neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. In this study, a tritium-labeled form of OF-NB1 was developed as a selective GluN1/2B PET imaging agent. Competitive binding experiments and molecular simulations demonstrated the superior selectivity and performance of OF-NB1, making it a promising tool for screening potential GluN1/2B drug candidates.
Review
Oncology
Michael A. Cannarile, Bruno Gomes, Marta Canamero, Bernhard Reis, Allyson Byrd, Jehad Charo, Mahesh Yadav, Vaios Karanikas
Summary: The current focus is on developing cancer immunotherapeutics, requiring a deep understanding of the interactions between tumor cells and the host's immune system. Utilizing advanced technologies to simultaneously study multiple biomarkers systematically can support better decision-making in drug development.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raban Arved Heller, Julian Seelig, Helena Lucia Crowell, Maximilian Pilz, Patrick Haubruck, Qian Sun, Lutz Schomburg, Volker Daniel, Arash Moghaddam, Bahram Biglari
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between remission after traumatic spinal cord injury and the dynamics of monocyte subsets, lymphocytes' responsive potential, cytokine expression, patterns of trace element concentration, and clinical covariates. Clinical research findings suggest that early dynamics in monocyte subsets can predict recovery from traumatic spinal cord injury.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter Broede, Maren Claus, Patrick D. Gajewski, Stephan Getzmann, Edmund Wascher, Carsten Watzl
Summary: The definition of immunological aging type requires establishing reference intervals for immunosenescence biomarkers based on age distribution. We determined the comprehensive immune age index IMMAX for 1605 individuals and identified age-specific centiles, allowing categorization of individuals as immunologically slow or fast aging types. The IMMAX was rescaled to equivalent years of life (EYOL) using the 50th percentile as a reference, and the immunological age gap was calculated as the difference between EYOL and chronological age.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
