期刊
JOM
卷 69, 期 9, 页码 1553-1562出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11837-017-2450-3
关键词
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类别
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51504297]
- Science and Technology Major Project of Gansu Province, China [1602FKDC007]
- Innovation-Driven Program of Central South University [2016CXS021]
- Shenghua Lieying Program of Central South University [502035001]
- Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China [2017JJ3383]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University [502211738]
- Open-End Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University [CSUZC201706]
As an important secondary resource with abundant platinum group metals (PGMs), spent catalysts demand recycling for both economic and environmental benefits. This article reviews the main pyrometallurgical processes for PGM recovery from spent catalysts. Existing processes, including smelting, vaporization, and sintering processes, are discussed based in part on a review of the physiochemical characteristics of PGMs in spent catalysts. The smelting technology, which produces a PGM-containing alloy, is significantly influenced by the addition of various collectors, such as lead, copper, iron, matte, or printed circuit board (PCB), considering their chemical affinities for PGMs. The vaporization process can recover PGMs in vapor form at low temperatures (250-700 degrees C), but it suffers high corrosion and potential environmental and health risks as a result of involvement of the hazardous gases, mainly Cl-2 and CO. The sintering process serves as a reforming means for recycling of the spent catalysts by in situ reduction of their oxidized PGMs components. Among these processes, the smelting process seems more promising although its overall performance can be further improved by seeking a suitable target-oriented collector and flux, together with proper pretreatment and process intensification using an external field.
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