Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mansor Fazliana, Zubaidah Nor Hanipah
Summary: This article reviews the mechanisms and outcomes of metabolic surgery on the endocrine system, microbiome, metabolomics, and molecular level. It summarizes the changes in hormones, adipokines, microbiota, microRNAs, and metabolomics following metabolic surgery in human and animal models for the treatment of obesity and diabetes. The review considers the most relevant studies in this field over the past 17 years. In most cases, metabolic procedures, especially those with intestinal bypass components, have shown significant improvement in type 2 diabetes through weight-independent mechanisms.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John P. Kirwan, Anita P. Courcoulas, David E. Cummings, Allison B. Goldfine, Sangeeta R. Kashyap, Donald C. Simonson, David E. Arterburn, William F. Gourash, Ashley H. Vernon, John M. Jakicic, Mary Elizabeth Patti, Kathy Wolski, Philip R. Schauer
Summary: The objective of this study is to assess the durability and longer-term effectiveness of metabolic surgery compared with medical/lifestyle management in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results demonstrate that metabolic/bariatric surgery is more effective and durable than medical/lifestyle intervention in remission of type 2 diabetes, with significant improvements in glycemic control, body weight, and biomarkers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Susan L. Samson, Priyathama Vellanki, Lawrence Blonde, Elena A. Christofides, Rodolfo J. Galindo, Irl B. Hirsch, Scott D. Isaacs, Kenneth E. Izuora, Cecilia C. Low Wang, Christine L. Twining, Guillermo E. Umpierrez, Willy Marcos Valencia
Summary: This consensus statement provides concise graphic algorithms for clinical decision-making in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, along with a summary of supporting details. It aims to improve patient care by visual guidance and updated guidelines.
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arianna Bonizzi, Marta Sevieri, Leopoldo Sitia, Andrea Rizzi, Lorenzo Conti, Fabio Corsi, Carlo Morasso, Serena Mazzucchelli
Summary: The study revealed that despite the improvements in weight, glycemic control, and lipid profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after bariatric surgery, Raman spectroscopy indicated that their metabolic profiles were not fully restored post-surgery.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gareth W. Davison, Rachelle E. Irwin, Colum P. Walsh
Summary: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to rise globally. Lifestyle factors such as poor dietary intake and lack of exercise may contribute to disease onset and progression. Metabolic connections and epigenetic alterations play a crucial role in regulating DNA methylation and gene transcription in the context of type 2 diabetes.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bruno Halpern, Marcio C. Mancini
Summary: Metabolic surgery is considered an effective and safe treatment for type 2 diabetes, but there are differences in recommendations among clinical guidelines that could cause confusion. A more harmonious discussion between clinicians and surgeons is needed to provide consistent messages to readers.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yu-Min Huang, Yen-Kuang Lin, Wei-Jei Lee, Kyoung Yul Hur, Kazunori Kasama, Anton Kui Sing Cheng, Ming-Hsien Lee, Simon Kin-Hung Wong, Tien-Chou Soong, Kuo-Ting Lee, Davide Lomanto, Muffazal Lakdawala, Yen-Hao Su, Weu Wang
Summary: Metabolic surgery significantly improved body weight, T2D, and other metabolic disorders in Asian patients, with different surgical procedures showing varied outcomes.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriele Piuri, Monica Zocchi, Matteo Della Porta, Valentina Ficara, Michele Manoni, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Luciano Pinotti, Jeanette A. Maier, Roberta Cazzola
Summary: Magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency is often underestimated in Western countries, especially in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Proper intake of Mg2+ can help improve metabolic syndrome by regulating gene expression, proteomic profile, and impacting intestinal microbiota and vitamin metabolism.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paolo Gentileschi, Emanuela Bianciardi, Domenico Benavoli, Michela Campanelli
Summary: Bariatric surgery has been shown to promote remission or significant improvement of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and related comorbidities in obese patients. Different gastrointestinal procedures may have varying effects and mechanisms of action on glucose metabolism. Metabolic surgery integrates knowledge and multidisciplinary expertise to provide a combination of conservative and surgical treatments for Type II diabetes.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlijn M. E. Remie, Michiel P. B. Moonen, Kay H. M. Roumans, Emmani B. M. Nascimento, Anne Gemmink, Bas Havekes, Gert Schaart, Esther Kornips, Peter J. Joris, Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling, Joris Hoeks, Sander Kersten, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink, Esther Phielix, Wouter D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, Patrick Schrauwen
Summary: The study found that a ten-day mild cold acclimation without overt shivering did not significantly improve insulin sensitivity or metabolic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes, only having mild effects on fat oxidation, postprandial energy expenditure, and aortic augmentation index. This suggests that some form of muscle contraction may be necessary for beneficial effects of mild cold acclimation on metabolism.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Karina W. Davidson, Michael J. Barry, Carol M. Mangione, Michael Cabana, Aaron B. Caughey, Esa M. Davis, Katrina E. Donahue, Chyke A. Doubeni, Alex H. Krist, Martha Kubik, Li Li, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Douglas K. Owens, Lori Pbert, Michael Silverstein, James Stevermer, Chien-Wen Tseng, John B. Wong
Summary: Diabetes and prediabetes have significant impacts on health, with screening and preventive interventions for overweight or obese adults aged 35 to 70 being recommended to improve health outcomes.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marietta Rottenkolber, Christina Gar, Cornelia Then, Lorena Wanger, Vanessa Sacco, Friederike Banning, Anne L. Potzel, Stefanie Kern-Matschilles, Claudia Nevinny-Stickel-Hinzpeter, Harald Grallert, Nina Hesse, Jochen Seissler, Andreas Lechner
Summary: This study re-evaluated the prevailing hypothesis that metabolic syndrome components are central to all cases of T2DM. Results showed that a significant proportion of T2DM cases did not display any components of metabolic syndrome, indicating the existence of a second, unrelated pathophysiology.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Fatemeh Bagheripour, Sajad Jeddi, Khosrow Kashfi, Asghar Ghasemi
Summary: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. L-citrulline (Cit), a precursor of nitric oxide (NO) production, has been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent for T2D. Cit supplementation in T2D has shown positive effects on glucose, lipid, and antioxidant metabolism through multiple mechanisms, including increased insulin secretion, glucose uptake, lipolysis, and decreased glyceroneogenesis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bertrand Cariou
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Adipocyte dysfunction plays a key role in the molecular link between NAFLD, visceral adipose tissue, and metabolic syndrome. Strategies targeting metabolic dysfunction, such as weight loss and specific medications, are effective in treating NAFLD and related conditions.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Kusuma Chaiyasoot, Naomi S. Sakai, Roxanna Zakeri, Janine Makaronidis, Luis Crisostomo, Marco G. Alves, Wei Gan, Chloe Firman, Friedrich C. Jassil, Margaret A. Hall-Craggs, Stuart A. Taylor, Rachel L. Batterham
Summary: This observational study aimed to identify novel weight-loss independent clinical, metabolic and genetic factors that associate with T2D remission. The findings suggest that improvement in beta-cell function, ghrelin, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) metabolism play important roles in T2D remission post-surgery.