Article
Psychiatry
Olivier Guilbaud, Claire Perrin, Florence Curt, Gerard Chaouat, Corinne Dugre-Le Bigre, Martine Strebler, Catherine Touitou, Maurice Corcos
Summary: This longitudinal study found that women with Alexithymia still exhibited decreased immune response, reduced production of IL-2 and IL-4, and a lower percentage of CD4 one year later. The potential long-term health impact of these findings is still uncertain.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kasper Kuna, Krzysztof Szewczyk, Agata Gabryelska, Piotr Bialasiewicz, Marta Ditmer, Dominik Strzelecki, Marcin Sochal
Summary: Sleep deficiency and insomnia have negative effects on the quality of patients' lives. Recent interest has focused on the exact influence of these factors on the immune system. Studies have shown that insomnia is a risk factor for various diseases, and sleep deficient individuals show abnormal levels of inflammatory markers, potentially leading to low-grade inflammation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Milagros Rojas, Daniela Ariza, Angel Ortega, Manuel E. Riano-Garzon, Mervin Chavez-Castillo, Jose Luis Perez, Lorena Cudris-Torres, Maria Judith Bautista, Oscar Medina-Ortiz, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Valmore Bermudez
Summary: This article provides a review of the neurobiological, endocrine, and immune mechanisms involved in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and discusses its clinical efficacy in various psychiatric disorders. The review suggests that ECT induces neurobiological changes, endocrine and immune alterations which contribute to its therapeutic effects. The study also highlights the expanding use of ECT in treating other conditions such as Parkinson's disease psychosis, malignant neuroleptic syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
America Vera-Montecinos, Ricard Rodriguez-Mias, Elia Vila, Judit Villen, Belen Ramos
Summary: This study analyzed the proteome profile of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and found 43 altered proteins related to vesicle-mediated transport, antigen presentation, intracellular transport, and selenium metabolism. Network analysis revealed crosstalk between the immune system, MHC class II antigen presentation, membrane trafficking, Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport, Nef-mediated CD8 downregulation pathways, with RAB7A playing a central role. These findings suggest that RAB7A or other proteins in this network could be potential targets for novel pharmacological strategies in schizophrenia to improve cognitive and negative symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Peng Teng, Yangping Li, Li Ku, Feng Wang, David R. Goldsmith, Zhexing Wen, Bing Yao, Yue Feng
Summary: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have diverse roles in regulating brain gene networks and abnormalities in lncRNAs are implicated in the complex etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. The lncRNA gene GOMAFU is dysregulated in postmortem schizophrenic brains and has genetic variants associated with schizophrenia risk. This study reveals that GOMAFU suppresses neuronal interferon response pathways that are hyperactive in postmortem schizophrenia brains. Furthermore, GOMAFU deficiency leads to dysregulation of pathways commonly affected in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder, particularly upregulation of genes in the interferon signaling pathway.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Fazal Abdul, Nikhitha Sreenivas, John Vijay Sagar Kommu, Moinak Banerjee, Michael Berk, Michael Maes, Marion Leboyer, Monojit Debnath
Summary: Disruption of circadian rhythms during embryonic development can impair neurodevelopmental processes and contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Mechanisms through which circadian pathways influence the risk and progression of ASD may involve immune-inflammatory, nitro-oxidative, metabolic, and neurotransmission pathways.
REVIEWS IN THE NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Hsin Lee, Kuo-Wang Tsai, Kuo-Cheng Lu, Li-Jane Shih, Wan-Chung Hu
Summary: This article discusses the host immunological pathways in coping with different types of pathogens, dividing them into eradicable immunities and tolerable immunities. It also highlights the relationship between cancer and immune dysfunction, as well as the different immune reactions and pathogen types associated with them.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Karina S. MacDowell, Eva Munarriz-Cuezva, J. Javier Meana, Juan C. Leza, Jorge E. Ortega
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that early-life exposure to environmental factors may increase the risk for schizophrenia through inflammatory mechanisms. This study investigated the role of serotonergic and kynurenine pathways in the maternal immune activation (MIA) animal model of schizophrenia, and evaluated the potential reversal by long-term antipsychotic treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wei Zhang, Lintai Li, Jianxuan Li, Haiyan Yu, Fengping Zheng, Bin Yan, Wanxia Cai, Yumei Chen, Lianghong Yin, Donge Tang, Yong Xu, Yong Dai
Summary: This study found a positive correlation between the expression of neurotransmitter receptors and relapse-free survival rates in breast cancer patients. Specifically, the expression of HTR6 was significantly decreased in advanced breast cancer. Further analysis revealed the potential regulatory role of HTR6 in signaling pathways and its association with the immune microenvironment. The study also identified possible reasons for the down-regulation of HTR6 in breast cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shana J. Cameron, Jessica Sheng, Farah Hosseinian, William G. Willmore
Summary: Nanoparticles can impact stress response pathways and protein interactions, with varying effects depending on factors such as type of NP and exposure conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Asara Vasupanrajit, Ketsupar Jirakran, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Michael Maes
Summary: This meta-analysis identified increased immune activation, inflammation, neurotoxicity, and decreased neuroprotection in patients with suicide attempts compared to healthy controls and patients with fewer suicide attempts.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Daniela Enache, Naghmeh Nikkheslat, Dina Fathalla, B. Paul Morgan, Shon Lewis, Richard Drake, Bill Deakin, James Walters, Stephen M. Lawrie, Alice Egerton, James H. MacCabe, Valeria Mondelli
Summary: The study found that IL-8 is associated with antipsychotic non-response, while other immune markers are not significantly related to treatment response. Levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFα are significantly positively correlated with the severity of negative symptoms.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Wen-shan Li, Qing-qing Zhang, Qiao Li, Shang-yu Liu, Guo-qiang Yuan, Ya-wen Pan
Summary: The imbalance of immune response is crucial in disease development, including glioblastoma. Understanding how the innate immune system detects tumors and pathogens is essential. This review emphasizes the similarity in RNA and DNA sensing mechanisms in the innate immunity of both tumors and pathogens, with the aim of enhancing the anti-tumor innate immune response and exploring new targets to improve the response to conventional tumor therapy and immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Mengzhuang Gou, Wei Li, Jinghui Tong, Yanfang Zhou, Ting Xie, Ting Yu, Wei Feng, Yanli Li, Song Chen, Baopeng Tian, Shuping Tan, Zhiren Wang, Shujuan Pan, Xingguang Luo, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Ping Zhang, Junchao Huang, Li Tian, L. Elliot Hong, Yunlong Tan
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between the composite score of peripheral cytokines, IRS/CIRS, and white matter integrity in patients with schizophrenia. The results showed that FEPS had a significantly higher IRS/CIRS, which was negatively associated with white matter integrity.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tertia D. Purves-Tyson, Ulrike Weber-Stadlbauer, Juliet Richetto, Debora A. Rothmond, Marie A. Labouesse, Marcello Polesel, Kate Robinson, Cynthia Shannon Weickert, Urs Meyer
Summary: The research indicates that immune-related changes in the dopaminergic areas of the midbrain of schizophrenia patients are associated with a subgroup showing high immune status. The study also suggests that maternal immune activation (MIA) may be one of the contributing factors underlying persistent neuroimmune changes in the midbrain of people with schizophrenia.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Pia Koudouovoh-Tripp, Katharina Huefner, Jonas Egeter, Christina Kandler, Johannes M. Giesinger, Sieghart Sopper, Christian Humpel, Barbara Sperner-Unterweger
Summary: Chronic mental stress is associated with increased state anxiety, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress, as well as enhanced proinflammatory platelet activity. Acute mental stress can alter platelet bioactivity and aggregation. Both chronic and acute mental stress have significant impacts on platelets, potentially linking mental and somatic disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ji-Young Lee, Tiffany R. Glynn, Judith T. Moskowitz, Dietmar Fuchs, Torsten B. Neilands, Samantha E. Dilworth, Daniel J. Feaster, Allan Rodriguez, Adam W. Carrico
Summary: This longitudinal study found that a higher baseline kynurenine/tryptophan ratio in sexual minority men living with HIV could predict lower positive affect at 15 months. Future research should investigate whether bio-behavioral interventions targeting tryptophan degradation could optimize treatments for individuals with co-occurring HIV and stimulant use disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Friedrich Leblhuber, Daniela Ehrlich, Kostja Steiner, Simon Geisler, Dietmar Fuchs, Lukas Lanser, Katharina Kurz
Summary: The microbiota-gut-brain axis is crucial in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, with dysbiosis potentially leading to inflammation and neurodegeneration. Modulating the gut microbiota can slow cognitive decline.
Article
Oncology
Florian Kocher, Arno Amann, Kai Zimmer, Simon Geisler, Dietmar Fuchs, Renate Pichler, Dominik Wolf, Katharina Kurz, Andreas Seeber, Andreas Pircher
Summary: Metabolic profiling in NSCLC patients identified significant differences compared to healthy controls, with tryptophan metabolism playing a key role in primary immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance. Tryptophan levels at baseline were predictive for CI response, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for patients undergoing CI treatment.
TRANSLATIONAL LUNG CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Antonio Chahine, Tulay Koru-Sengul, Daniel J. Feaster, Samantha E. Dilworth, Michael H. Antoni, Nichole Klatt, Margaret E. Roach, Suresh Pallikkuth, Mark Sharkey, Jessica Salinas, Mario Stevenson, Savita Pahwa, Dietmar Fuchs, Adam W. Carrico
Summary: This study found that ongoing stimulant use and HIV persistence independently predicted dysregulated metabolism of amino acid precursors for catecholamines, but this did not explain amplified risk for depression.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Magnus Gisslen, Sheila M. Keating, Serena Spudich, Victor Arechiga, Sophie Stephenson, Henrik Zetterberg, Clara Di Germanio, Kaj Blennow, Dietmar Fuchs, Lars Hagberg, Philip J. Norris, Julia Peterson, Barbara L. Shacklett, Constantin T. Yiannoutsos, Richard W. Price
Summary: The study revealed that HIV-1 infection is associated with a broad compartmentalized CNS inflammatory response that changes with disease progression, neurological injury, and viral suppression. Untreated individuals without obvious HIV-associated dementia exhibited at least two overall patterns of inflammation as CD4+ T lymphocytes decreased.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Claire Mindus, Nienke van Staaveren, Dietmar Fuchs, Johanna M. Gostner, Joergen B. Kjaer, Wolfgang Kunze, M. Firoz Mian, Anna K. Shoveller, Paul Forsythe, Alexandra Harlander-Matauschek
Summary: The study shows that early-life probiotic supplementation can have an impact on the behavior and physiological parameters of pullets, particularly in regulating the immune system and biological pathways related to behavior.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Armanda Teixeira-Gomes, Blanca Laffon, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Johanna M. Gostner, Thomas Felder, Carla Costa, Joana Madureira, Dietmar Fuchs, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Solange Costa
Summary: This study aimed to understand the relationship between frailty syndrome, immune activation, and oxidative stress. Significantly increased levels of inflammatory mediators, neopterin, and Kyn/Trp were observed in the presence of frailty, suggesting their potential as predictable biomarkers. The results suggest a progressive immune activation and production of pro-inflammatory molecules in frailty, in line with the inflammageing model.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frederike T. Fellendorf, Johanna M. Gostner, Melanie Lenger, Martina Platzer, Armin Birner, Alexander Maget, Robert Queissner, Adelina Tmava-Berisha, Cornelia A. Pater, Michaela Ratzenhofer, Jolana Wagner-Skacel, Susanne A. Bengesser, Nina Dalkner, Dietmar Fuchs, Eva Z. Reininghaus
Summary: The study found abnormalities in tryptophan metabolism in patients with BD, with accelerated breakdown of tryptophan associated with overweight, but not necessarily linked to clinical manifestations. The results suggest that tryptophan, kynurenine, and IDO-1 activity may play a role in the pathophysiology of BD.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Frederike T. Fellendorf, Nina Bonkat, Nina Dalkner, Elena M. D. Schoenthaler, Mirko Manchia, Dietmar Fuchs, Eva Z. Reininghaus
Summary: This review highlights the inconsistent findings on KYN/TRP ratio in severe mental disorders. Although there are indications of inflammation associated with elevated IDO activity, no conclusive statements can be made. Considering factors such as inflammatory processes, metabolic activities, and psychological/neuropsychiatric symptoms are crucial for a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Sonnweber, Philipp Grubwieser, Sabina Sahanic, Anna Katharina Boehm, Alex Pizzini, Anna Luger, Christoph Schwabl, Sabine Koppelstaetter, Katharina Kurz, Bernhard Puchner, Barbara Sperner-Unterweger, Katharina Huefner, Ewald Woell, Manfred Nairz, Gerlig Widmann, Ivan Tancevski, Judith Loeffler-Ragg, Guenter Weiss
Summary: This study describes iron dyshomeostasis in COVID-19 patients during follow-up and investigates its association with long-term pulmonary and symptomatic recovery. The study found that iron dyshomeostasis and anemia are common findings after COVID-19 and may contribute to long-term symptomatic outcomes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cornelia A. Karg, Lucia Parrakova, Dietmar Fuchs, Harald Schennach, Bernhard Kraeutler, Simone Moser, Johanna M. Gostner
Summary: Phyllobilins, derived from the degradation of chlorophyll, are natural products with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. However, their mechanisms of action and in vivo effects require further investigation.
Article
Microbiology
Laura P. Kincer, Sarah Beth Joseph, Maria M. Gilleece, Blake M. Hauser, Sabrina Sizemore, Shuntai Zhou, Clara Di Germanio, Henrik Zetterberg, Dietmar Fuchs, Steven G. Deeks, Serena Spudich, Magnus Gisslen, Richard W. Price, Ronald Swanstrom
Summary: HIV-1 can persist in a latent reservoir in individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy, and rebound virus can be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid during treatment interruption. In this study, we found that high viral loads and clonally amplified viral lineages in the cerebrospinal fluid were correlated with the influx of white blood cells. Additionally, we did not observe rebound macrophage-tropic virus in the cerebrospinal fluid, indicating that the CNS may not be a source of this virus. We propose a model in which R5 T cell-tropic virus is released from infected T cells in the CNS during treatment interruption.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Arvid Eden, Frida Rydberg, Aylin Yilmaz, Lars Hagberg, Johanna Gostner, Staffan Nilsson, Dietmar Fuchs, Magnus Gisslen
Summary: For people with HIV initiating ART during chronic infection, the occurrence of residual CNS immune activation is not correlated with pretreatment immune status, even when treatment is initiated at high CD4(+) T-cell counts, suggesting that the CNS reservoir is not differentially affected by the timing of ART initiation during chronic infection.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katharina Obermoser, Natascha Brigo, Andrea Schroll, Pablo Monfort-Lanzas, Johanna M. Gostner, Sabine Engl, Simon Geisler, Miriam Knoll, Harald Schennach, Guenter Weiss, Dietmar Fuchs, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Katharina Kurz
Summary: This pilot study investigated the effects of a multi-strain probiotic preparation on fatigue, depression, and quality of life in patients with post-infectious fatigue. The results showed that both the probiotic and placebo groups experienced improvements, but the probiotic group had greater improvements. After 6 months, the probiotic group had significantly lower fatigue and depression scores, as well as improved quality of life.
