Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jelena Roncevic, Jelena Jankovic Miljus, Tijana Isic Dencic, Vesna Bozic, Vladan Zivaljevic, Sonja Selemetjev, Ilona Doric
Summary: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is challenging to predict prognosis. MMP-9 genetic promoter polymorphisms and acetylated c-Jun levels play a role in PTC progression by influencing MMP-9 expression. Genotyping MMP-9 at -1562 and measuring levels of MMP-9 and acetylated c-Jun may help identify high-risk patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tao Guo, De-Feng Liu, Shi-Hao Peng
Summary: CDK9 is up-regulated in patients with PTC and is associated with prognosis in these patients. Additionally, tumor size, capsule invasion, TNM stage, and multifocality are risk factors for DLN metastasis in patients with PTC.
Article
Oncology
Renan Aguera Pinheiro, Ana Kober Leite, Beatriz Godoi Cavalheiro, Evandro Sobroza de Mello, Luiz Paulo Kowalski, Leandro Luongo Matos
Summary: Papillary thyroid cancer is primarily treated with thyroidectomy. It is not common practice to resect surrounding lymph nodes unless metastasis is known beforehand. However, sometimes lymph nodes are incidentally resected with the thyroid and may contain metastasis. This study found that patients with incidental metastatic nodes had higher treatment failure rates compared to those with clinically evident central compartment node metastasis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhenshengnan Li, Jia Wei, Bowen Chen, Yaoqi Wang, Shuai Yang, Kehui Wu, Xianying Meng
Summary: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a zinc-dependent proteolytic metalloenzyme that degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM) and has been proven to be elevated in various pathological conditions, including thyroid carcinoma. Its expression level in malignant or metastatic thyroid tumor tissues is higher than in normal or benign tissues, and it correlates closely with clinical features such as lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and tumor size.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luying Gao, Xiaoyi Li, Yu Xia, Ruifeng Liu, Chunhao Liu, Xinlong Shi, Yanjiao Wu, Liyuan Ma, Yuxin Jiang
Summary: This study evaluated the relevance of large-volume lateral lymph node metastases (LLNMs) and recurrent/persistent risk in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. The study found that patients with large-volume LLNM had a significantly higher risk of recurrence/persistence compared to those with low-volume LLNM. Multilevel suspected LLNMs and loss of fatty hilum were identified as preoperative indicative factors of large-volume LLNM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wenlong Wang, Ying Ding, Wei Jiang, Xinying Li
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of N stage subclassification on different distant metastasis sites based on age stratification, especially for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). The results showed that the risk of distant metastasis increased with the progress of N disease, and N1b disease had a higher risk of lung metastasis in younger patients and an increased risk of both lung and bone metastasis in older patients. N1a disease did not increase the risk of distant metastasis in PTMC patients. Combining N stage with risk stratification can be beneficial for predicting distant metastasis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hengqiang Zhao, Yiping Gong
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment in low- to intermediate-risk papillary thyroid cancer patients. The results show that RAI treatment is associated with better overall survival in patients who are aged 55 and above, have multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, and intermediate risk according to the American Thyroid Association. However, the benefits of RAI treatment may be limited in patients with AJCC stage I, tumor size ≤ 1 cm, unifocality, capsular invasion, and low-risk diseases according to the ATA.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Wei Liu, Junkan Zhu, Zhen Wu, Yongxiang Yin, Qiao Wu, Yiming Wu, Jiaojiao Zheng, Cong Wang, Hongyan Chen, Talal Jamil Qazi, Jun Wu, Yuqing Zhang, Houbao Liu, Jingmin Yang, Daru Lu, Xumin Zhang, Zhilong Ai
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive landscape of PTC in Chinese cohorts, comparing similarities and differences with TCGA-THCA cohorts, identifying different biomarkers, and constructing a highly accurate diagnostic model.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jin Seok Lee, Jun Sung Lee, Hyeok Jun Yun, Seok Mo Kim, Hojin Chang, Yong Sang Lee, Hang-Seok Chang, Cheong Soo Park
Summary: In this retrospective study, the medical records of 11,570 patients with papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) smaller than or equal to 1 cm who underwent thyroidectomy were reviewed. The study revealed that aggressive subtypes of small PTC tumors exhibited more extrathyroidal extension and neck node metastasis. Surgeons should consider the aggressive subtypes as important factors when deciding the range of surgery in PTCs smaller than 1 cm.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jinyuan Shi, Pu Wu, Lei Sheng, Wei Sun, Hao Zhang
Summary: This study identified a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature with 10 genes in PTC, which showed predictive value for patients' prognosis. High-risk and low-risk groups based on the signature had different survival rates, and the risk score was identified as an independent prognostic indicator. Functional roles of the differentially expressed genes were explored through GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses. Immune-related analysis showed significant differences in immune cell types and functions between high-risk and low-risk groups, and qRT-PCR confirmed expression differences of the genes in tumor tissue and normal thyroid tissue.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Min Zhao, Xinyu Shi, Ziran Zou, Runze Wen, Yixing Lu, Jihui Li, Jinming Cao, Bin Zhang
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological and ultrasound factors of patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) to establish a predictive model for skip metastasis. The results showed that age, tumor diameter, tumor location, smoothness of tumor margin, and extrathyroidal extension were associated with lateral lymph node skip metastasis. The internally validated model demonstrated good predictive performance.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ashank Bains, Taha Mur, Nathan Wallace, Jacob Pieter Noordzij
Summary: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy in the United States, with papillary thyroid cancer as the most common subtype. Despite controversial debates, the potential role of vitamin D in cancer-related pathways and its significance as a prognostic marker in papillary thyroid cancer has gained attention. Previous literature has highlighted the anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and pro-differentiation effects of vitamin D in various cancers, while ongoing studies aim to establish a definitive link between vitamin D status and papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaoqin Xu, Jiexian Jing
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the role of circRNAs in papillary thyroid carcinoma, including their regulatory functions, pathological mechanisms, and clinical significance, as well as discussing the challenges in this specific field.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irena Ivkovic, Zgjim Limani, Antonia Jakovcevic, Drazen Huic, Drago Prgomet
Summary: Elevated expression levels of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in tumor tissue can predict invasiveness for PTC, showing statistically significant differences in expression levels between invasive and non-invasive PTC.
Article
Surgery
Michael D. Bortz, Kristine Kuchta, David J. Winchester, Richard A. Prinz, Tricia A. Moo-Young
Summary: Extrathyroidal extension significantly impacts the survival and risks of nodal and distant metastases in well-differentiated thyroid cancers, with even minimal extension associated with increased risks.