Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Meir, Felix Kannapin, Markus Diefenbacher, Yalda Ghoreishi, Catherine Kollmann, Sven Flemming, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Jens Waschke, Patrick Leven, Reiner Schneider, Sven Wehner, Natalie Burkard, Nicolas Schlegel
Summary: These findings indicate that enteric glial cells (EGCs) maintain intestinal epithelial barrier function (IEB) by synthesizing glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). The protective effects of GDNF on IEB function are mediated through the RET receptor, as shown in experiments using EGC supernatants and GDNF-deficient EGCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiao-Li Zhang, Qi Sun, Zhu-Sheng Quan, Liang Wu, Zi-Ming Liu, Yan-Qi Xia, Qian-Yi Wang, Yue Zhang, Jin-Xia Zhu
Summary: This study found that dopamine promotes the secretion of colonic glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) via D1 receptors on cholinergic neurons, while high concentrations of dopamine inhibit GDNF secretion via D2 receptors on enteric glial cells (EGCs) and/or cholinergic neurons.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Quy-Susan Huynh, R. M. Damian Holsinger
Summary: Neurotrophic factors alone are not enough for sustained neural regeneration in neural tissue engineering scaffolds. We attempted to induce neuroblastoma cells to express trophic factors by electrical stimulation. Electrically stimulating human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells cultured on electrospun nanofibers resulted in changes in nuclear morphology and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Fiber orientation played a significant role in both nuclear deformation and BDNF expression.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Lu Wang, Ying Chen, Ming-min Xu, Wei Cao, Qian-hua Zheng, Si-yuan Zhou, Jun-peng Yao, Meng-han Xi, Hai-yan Qin, Ying Li, Wei Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the autophagy-related mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) in improving gastrointestinal motility in mice with functional constipation (FC). The results showed that EA treatment promoted colonic autophagy in FC mice by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby improving intestinal motility.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Youyi Tai, Gerardo Ico, Karen Low, Junze Liu, Tanvi Jariwala, David Garcia-Viramontes, Kyu Hwan Lee, Nosang V. Myung, B. Hyle Park, Jin Nam
Summary: The study introduces a functional material-based technology to develop patient-specific in vitro neural models, utilizing hydro-acoustic actuation to remotely activate the piezoelectric effect of P(VDF-TrFE) scaffolds for multi-phenotypic differentiation of neural stem cells. The mechano-electrical stimulation induced by the deflection of the scaffold leads to enhanced interactions among cellular components, resulting in improved neural connectivity and functionality in the 3D neuron-glial interface.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Renyuan Yang, Joseph Boldrey, David Jiles, Ian Schneider, Long Que
Summary: The study demonstrates the detection of GDNF secretion from N27 cells for the first time using ultra-sensitive nanopore thin film sensors, showing that magnetic stimulation can promote GDNF secretion. This method provides a low-cost, user-friendly, and sensitive approach for studying the potential cell biological mechanisms of the clinical benefits of MS on PD.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ping-Huei Tseng, Chi-Chao Chao, Ya-Yin Cheng, Chieh-Chang Chen, Ping-Hao Yang, Wei-Kang Yang, Shao-Wei Wu, Yen-Wen Wu, Mei-Fang Cheng, Wei-Shiung Yang, Ming-Shiang Wu, Sung-Tsang Hsieh
Summary: This study quantitatively examined the gastric mucosal innervation density (MID) and its relationship with gastroparesis symptoms and gastric emptying in patients with diabetes. The study found that the gastric MID in patients with diabetes was significantly lower compared to healthy controls, and this reduction was correlated with gastroparesis symptoms and glycemic control. The study also showed prolonged gastric emptying in patients with diabetes. These findings provide important pathology and functional biomarkers for diabetic gastroparesis and shed light on the underlying pathophysiology.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Santiago Velasco-Bosom, Johannes Gurke, Sanggil Han, Michael C. Lee, George G. Malliaras
Summary: In this study, flexible and adhesive interdigitated electrodes were developed with a PEDOT:PSS coating, which improved the safety and selectivity of electrical stimulation. The effectiveness of the device was demonstrated through experiments, showing its potential as a diagnostic and monitoring tool for SFN.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ayda Baghery Saghchy Khorasani, Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi, Ali Pirsalehi, Ava Safaroghli-azar, Mohammad Reza Zali, Davood Bashash
Summary: Genetic and epigenetic alterations have long been the focus of cancer pathogenesis research, with dysregulated genes and protein products potentially affecting cancer cell growth through signaling cascades regulating cell survival and metabolism. The activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) axis in about one-third of human cancers, including gastric cancer, plays a significant role in the development of malignancies. This indicates the potential importance of targeting this axis in therapeutic strategies for such cancers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Doris Kim, Ryan Gedney, Shelby Allen, Haley Zlomke, Elizabeth Winter, John Craver, A. D. Pinnola, Will Lancaster, David Adams
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent gastric electrical stimulation (GES) over a 10-year period and found that patients with gastroparesis had different clinical outcomes after GES therapy based on underlying etiology. Diabetic patients were more likely to continue therapy, while idiopathic patients were more likely to have the device removed.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Heng, Yan-Yan Li, Lu Wen, Jia-Qing Yan, Nai-Hong Chen, Yu-He Yuan
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that Parkinson's disease (PD) is a systemic disorder with gastrointestinal dysfunction being a significant peripheral symptom. The discovery of prion-like behavior of alpha-synuclein in the gut-brain axis may play a crucial role in the neurodegenerative process of PD. The presence of synucleinopathies in the stomach and the impact on neighboring neurons highlight the potential contribution of enteric glial cells (EGCs) to the pathogenesis of PD.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yervant Ichkhanian, Mohammad A. Al-Haddad, Chelsea C. Jacobs, Alexander Schlachterman, Juliana Yang, Andrew Canakis, Raymond Kim, Arcelia Guerson-Gil, Lionel S. D'Souza, Eva Alsheik, Brian D. Ginnebaugh, Mouen A. Khashab, Tobias Zuchelli, Kellie McFarlin, Cyrus Piraka
Summary: In patients with refractory symptoms after GNS, G-POEM can be a reasonable salvage therapy to provide further symptomatic relief, with evidence of a potential additive effect of both G-POEM and GNS.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yan-hua Yang, Wei Qian, Xiao-hua Hou, Chi-bing Dai
Summary: This study investigated the influence of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bacteroides fragilis on the regulation of enteric glial cells (EGCs) involved in intestinal inflammation. The results showed that these bacteria can affect intestinal inflammation by regulating the expression of specific genes and the secretion of cytokines in EGCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Pan Luo, Wen-Xi He, Cai Li, Mu-Jun Chang
Summary: EGCs can protect neurons from hyperglycemia-induced injury by activating the Akt/GSK-3 beta pathway. Exposure to high glucose reduced SH-SY5Y cell viability, increased ROS generation, and decreased MMP. Coculture with EGCs restored the decreased p-AKT/AKT and p-GSK-3 beta/GSK-3 beta ratios in SH-SY5Y cells after high glucose incubation.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Luigi Borda, Noemi Gozzi, Greta Preatoni, Giacomo Valle, Stanisa Raspopovic
Summary: Our study developed an automated calibration system based on reinforcement learning for identifying somatosensory nerve stimulation parameters accurately and efficiently. This system showed promising results in eliciting sensory feedback in neuropathic patients and has the potential to be applied in other neuromodulation fields.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2023)