期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
卷 47, 期 1, 页码 11-20出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.09.007
关键词
Fasciola hepatica; Population genetics; Anthelmintic resistance; Diversity; Self-fertilisation; Gene flow; Microsatellites
类别
资金
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, UK
- European Union [KBBE-2010-4-265862: PARAVAC]
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK [BB/I002480/1]
- BBSRC [BB/P001912/1, BB/I002480/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/I002480/1, BB/P001912/1] Funding Source: researchfish
Fasciola hepatica, the liver fluke, is a trematode parasite of considerable economic importance to the livestock industry and is a re-emerging zoonosis that poses a risk to human health in F. hepatica-endemic areas worldwide. Drug resistance is a substantial threat to the current and future control of F. hepatica, yet little is known about how the biology of the parasite influences the development and spread of resistance. Given that F. hepatica can self-fertilise and therefore inbreed, there is the potential for greater population differentiation and an increased likelihood of recessive alleles, such as drug resistance genes, coming together. This could be compounded by clonal expansion within the snail intermediate host and aggregation of parasites of the same genotype on pasture. Alternatively, widespread movement of animals that typically occurs in the UK could promote high levels of gene flow and prevent population differentiation. We identified clonal parasites with identical multilocus genotypes in 61% of hosts. Despite this, 84% of 1579 adult parasites had unique multilocus genotypes, which supports high levels of genotypic diversity within F. hepatica populations. Our analyses indicate a selfing rate no greater than 2%, suggesting that this diversity is in part due to the propensity for F. hepatica to cross-fertilise. Finally, although we identified high genetic diversity within a given host, there was little evidence for differentiation between populations from different hosts, indicating a single panmictic population. This implies that, once those emerge, anthelmintic resistance genes have the potential to spread rapidly through liver fluke populations. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.
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