Article
Infectious Diseases
Yanan Yu, Meihua Wu, Xinxin Cui, Fengxiang Xu, Feng Wen, Liangqi Pan, Shuo Li, Huapeng Sun, Xuhui Zhu, Jiate Lin, Yaling Feng, Mingliang Li, Yang Liu, Shaohua Yuan, Ming Liao, Hailiang Sun
Summary: The study revealed that H3N2 swine influenza viruses circulating in pigs in Guangdong province carried six internal genes from the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus, with antigenicity different from current human H3N2 influenza viruses or recommended vaccine strains. These swH3N2 viruses have zoonotic potential and further surveillance and monitoring of their pathogenicity are urgently needed.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jerome Tubiana, Yufei Xiang, Li Fan, Haim J. Wolfson, Kong Chen, Dina Schneidman-Duhovny, Yi Shi
Summary: This study demonstrates that the extensively mutated receptor binding site of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant reduces its antigenicity and explains the lower antibody titers associated with breakthrough infections. The research also suggests a potential trajectory of future viral evolution.
Article
Immunology
Heidi Peck, Karen L. Laurie, Steve Rockman, Vivian Leung, Hilda Lau, Sally Soppe, Cleve Rynehart, Chantal Baas, Heidi Trusheim, Ian G. Barr
Summary: Research compared cell and egg-derived candidate vaccine viruses for influenza vaccines, finding higher isolation rates and fewer mutations in cell-derived CVVs. This suggests that cell-based influenza vaccines have the potential to improve effectiveness compared to egg-based vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Pengxiang Chang, Jiayun Yang, Thusitha K. Karunarathna, Mehnaz Qureshi, Jean-Remy Sadeyen, Munir Iqbal
Summary: This research examined the zoonotic potential of the first human HPAI H5N1 infection case reported in Cambodia in February 2023. The results showed that the infection strain exhibited similar receptor binding and antigenicity as the early clade 2.3.2.1c HPAI H5N1 strain, but it did not bind to human-like receptors. Although it posed limited zoonotic risk, the increased thermal stability and reduced fusion pH indicated a potential threat to poultry, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Geng Liu, Mengyuan Pei, Siya Wang, Zhenyu Qiu, Xiaoyun Li, Hua Ma, Yumei Ma, Jiamin Wang, Zilin Qiao, Zhongren Ma, Zhenbin Liu
Summary: This study used high-throughput RNA-seq technology to identify the expression changes of lncRNA and mRNA induced by H1N1 infection in MDCK cells, and explored the regulatory relationship between these lncRNAs and their target genes. The results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism of host cell non-coding RNA-mediated regulation of influenza virus replication.
Article
Virology
Zhimin Wan, Zhehong Zhao, Jianjun Sang, Wenjie Jiang, Jian Chen, Ting Tang, Yafeng Li, Qiuqi Kan, Hongxia Shao, Jianjun Zhang, Quan Xie, Tuofan Li, Aijian Qin, Jianqiang Ye
Summary: The H9N2 avian influenza virus circulating in Chinese poultry has undergone frequent mutations at HA residue 193 since 2013, resulting in significant changes in viral properties and antigenicity. The N193E mutation altered the preference of HA for receptors in both human and avian hosts, while the N193G mutation hindered the growth of the virus. Mutations from N to D, E, and S enhanced the replication of H9N2 in the lungs of chickens.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qian Wang, Yicheng Guo, Liyuan Liu, Logan T. Schwanz, Zhiteng Li, Manoj S. Nair, Jerren Ho, Richard M. Zhang, Sho Iketani, Jian Yu, Yiming Huang, Yiming Qu, Riccardo Valdez, Adam S. Lauring, Yaoxing Huang, Aubree Gordon, Harris H. Wang, Lihong Liu, David D. Ho
Summary: The BA.2.86 subvariant of SARS-CoV-2 was found to be no more resistant to human sera than the currently dominant XBB.1.5 and EG.5.1, but it had a remarkably higher receptor affinity.
Article
Cell Biology
Yufeng Luo, Shuo Liu, Jiguo Xue, Ye Yang, Junxuan Zhao, Ying Sun, Bolun Wang, Shenyi Yin, Juan Li, Yuchao Xia, Feixiang Ge, Jiqiao Dong, Lvze Guo, Buqing Ye, Weijin Huang, Youchun Wang, Jianzhong Jeff Xi
Summary: This study established a robust mammalian cell-surface-display platform to study the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 variants, cellular receptor ACE2, and monoclonal antibodies on a large scale. By analyzing the mutational landscape, it was found that certain key mutations in the spike protein can increase infectivity and confer resistance to specific monoclonal antibodies. These methods have significant implications for the precise control of SARS-CoV-2 in the future.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yang Le, Jiayou Zhang, Zheng Gong, Zhegang Zhang, Xuanxuan Nian, Xuedan Li, Daiguan Yu, Ning Ma, Rong Zhou, Guomei Zhang, Bo Liu, Lu Yang, Baiqi Fu, Xiuqin Xu, Xiaoming Yang
Summary: In this study, the role of TRAF3 in MDCK cell resistance to influenza A virus was investigated using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology. The results suggest that TRAF3 knockout reduces the resistance of MDCK cells to IVA, providing a promising approach for IVA isolation and vaccine manufacturing.
Article
Virology
Qian Ye, Thu Phan, Wei-Shou Hu, Xuping Liu, Li Fan, Wen-Song Tan, Liang Zhao
Summary: The study demonstrated that the MDCK subline H1 had higher influenza virus productivity than the parent line through cell cloning. Transcriptome and functional analysis showed that H1 had increased viral gene expression, higher translation and RNA processing activity, and reduced inflammatory and antiviral responses compared to the parent line. These findings suggest that a balance between host function suppression and virus replication activity may be key to high virus productivity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meng Hu, Christina Kackos, Balaji Banoth, Chet Raj Ojha, Jeremy C. Jones, Shaohua Lei, Lei Li, Lisa Kercher, Richard J. Webby, Charles J. Russell
Summary: By investigating the HA stability of influenza viruses, we found that recent vaccine reference viruses had destabilized HA proteins, resulting in reduced infectivity and skewed antigenicity. Therefore, prioritizing HA stabilization in vaccine virus selection is important to reduce mismatches between vaccines and circulating viruses.
Article
Fisheries
Toyohiko Nishizawa, Han Sol Lee, Hyun Jung Gye
Summary: This study investigated the infectivity and reactivity of serologically distinct NNVs after treatment with urea. The results suggested that pocket structures on surface protrusions of NNVs are responsible for binding to the cellular receptor. It was also found that common epitopes resistant to urea-treatment were shared among serologically distinct NNVs.
Article
Virology
Marwa Arbi, Imen Larbi, Jihen Nsiri, Imen El Behi, Ahmed Rejeb, Khaled Miled, Adeljelil Ghram, Mehdi Houimel
Summary: This study identified new antiviral peptides that can inhibit the infectivity of H9N2 virus by screening a random linear hexapeptide library. Sixteen different phage-peptides were found to specifically bind to H9N2 virus, and two selected peptides (LSRMPK and FAPRWR) showed antiviral activity in both in ovo and in vivo experiments. These peptides prevent infection by inhibiting the attachment of the H9N2 virus to the cellular receptor.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yixiao Wu, Thomas Bissinger, Yvonne Genzel, Xuping Liu, Udo Reichl, Wen-Song Tan
Summary: Influenza A virus poses a constant threat to the global community similar to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, with vaccines being the most effective and safest approach for flu disease treatment. Cell culture-based processes using animal suspension cells and high cell density perfusion cultures are being developed to increase manufacturing capacities for influenza vaccines worldwide. These advances in cell culture-based perfusion processes demonstrate promising potential for next-generation high-yield influenza vaccine manufacturing for pandemic preparedness.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hui Yang, Yaran Gao, Shuyuan Sun, Yezhi Qu, Shuaiqi Ji, Rina Wu, Junrui Wu
Summary: This study investigated the formation, characterization, and antigenicity of lecithin-beta-conglycinin complexes. The results showed that lecithin was combined with beta-conglycinin through static quenching, driven by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. Heat treatment decreased the antigenicity of complexes, resulting in changes in molecular weight and secondary and tertiary structures. It also led to the formation of large aggregates, exposure of hydrophobic regions, decrease in beta-sheet contents, and increase in beta-turn and random coil contents.
