Article
Oncology
Qing Ye, Salvi Singh, Peter R. Qian, Nancy Lan Guo
Summary: There are currently no effective biomarkers to select chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy for treating lung cancer patients. This study identified genetic networks containing major immune-checkpoint inhibitors CD27, PD1, and PDL1, and their associated prognostic genes and proliferation genes in lung cancer tumors. A 5-gene prognostic model was developed and validated in extensive cohorts to select patients at a high risk for developing metastasis.
Article
Oncology
Chih-Hao Chang, Arthur Chun-Chieh Shih, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Ying-Ting Chao, Yi-Chiung Hsu
Summary: The study found that high expression of PD1 and PDL1 is associated with favorable outcomes in early-stage lung cancer but adverse outcomes in late-stage lung cancer. The expression levels of PD1 and PDL1 can serve as potential prognostic factors for predicting patient outcomes in lung cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Qi Jiang, Jinsheng Huang, Bei Zhang, Xujia Li, Xiuxing Chen, Bokang Cui, Shengping Li, Guifang Guo
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the benefits and risks of anti-PD1/PDL1 treatment in advanced biliary tract cancer. The results showed that combination therapy with anti-PD1/PDL1 and chemotherapy had the best curative effect, while anti-PD1/PDL1 monotherapy had lower efficacy. Anti-PD1/PDL1 treatment showed better outcomes in first-line therapy but had significant toxicities.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hugo Arasanz, Ana Isabel Bocanegra, Idoia Morilla, Joaquin Fernandez-Irigoyen, Maite Martinez-Aguillo, Lucia Teijeira, Maider Garnica, Ester Blanco, Luisa Chocarro, Karina Ausin, Miren Zuazo, Gonzalo Fernandez-Hinojal, Miriam Echaide, Leticia Fernandez-Rubio, Sergio Pineiro-Hermida, Pablo Ramos, Laura Mezquita, David Escors, Ruth Vera, Grazyna Kochan
Summary: This study investigated the role of baseline circulating low-density neutrophils (LDN) in NSCLC patients, identifying LDN as a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy resistance. Combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy can reduce LDN levels, overcome resistance, and suggest potential drug combinations for improved outcomes.
Review
Respiratory System
Shivani Setur Kanabar, Abhinav Tiwari, Vina Soran, Prashanthan Balendran, Malcolm Price, Alice Margaret Turner
Summary: Immunotherapy showed a lower risk of death compared to chemotherapy in patients with aNSCLC, with lower incidence of treatment-related AEs in RCTs. However, no consistent benefits were observed in terms of progression-free survival.
Article
Oncology
Joanne Weidhaas, Nicholas Marco, Aaron W. Scheffler, Anusha Kalbasi, Kirk Wilenius, Emily Rietdorf, Jaya Gill, Mara Heilig, Caroline Desler, Robert K. Chin, Tania Kaprealian, Susan McCloskey, Ann Raldow, Naga P. Raja, Santosh Kesari, Jose Carrillo, Alexandra Drakaki, Mark Scholz, Donatello Telesca
Summary: The study found that a germline microRNA-based biomarker signature can accurately predict grade 2 and higher immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) to anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy in a pan-cancer manner. RAC1 was identified as a significant biomarker of toxicity, predicting a greater than ninefold increased risk of toxicity, but was not associated with response to anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Qiaoyun Tan, Liyuan Dai, Yanrong Wang, Shuxia Liu, Te Liang, Rongrong Luo, Shasha Wang, Ning Lou, Haizhu Chen, Yu Zhou, Qiaofeng Zhong, Jianliang Yang, Puyuan Xing, Xingsheng Hu, Yutao Liu, Shengyu Zhou, Jiarui Yao, Di Wu, Zhishang Zhang, Le Tang, Xiaobo Yu, Xiaohong Han, Yuankai Shi
Summary: This study is the first to report the distribution of preexisting anti-PD1/PDL1 AAb IgG and subclasses across 10 cancer types. It was found that high levels of anti-PD1 IgG4 were associated with reduced overall survival in NSCLC patients. These findings suggest that the anti-PD1 AAb IgG4 subclass may serve as a potential biomarker for the survival benefit of anti-PD1 therapy in NSCLC patients.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kunpeng Luo, Shuqiang Liu, Xiuyun Shen, Jincheng Xu, Chunpeng Shi, Yuqiu Chao, Zhengchao Wen, Kejiao Zhang, Ru Wang, Bing Liu, Yanan Jiang
Summary: The study developed an effective tool (TSIRS) to predict the efficacy of anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy by analyzing factors such as tumor neoantigen burden and cancer stemness. The study also identified a potential alternative drug (PF-4708671) for patients resistant to anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Martin Reck, Delvys Rodriguez-Abreu, Andrew G. Robinson, Rina Hui, Tibor Csoszi, Andrea Fulop, Maya Gottfried, Nir Peled, Ali Tafreshi, Sinead Cuffe, Mary O'Brien, Suman Rao, Katsuyuki Hotta, Ticiana A. Leal, Jonathan W. Riess, Erin Jensen, Bin Zhao, M. Catherine Pietanza, Julie R. Brahmer
Summary: This study reports the first 5-year follow-up of a first-line immunotherapy trial for NSCLC, demonstrating that pembrolizumab provides a durable, clinically meaningful long-term overall survival benefit in first-line treatment of metastatic NSCLC with a PD-L1 tumor proportion score of at least 50%.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Karen L. Reckamp, Mary W. Redman, Konstantin H. Dragnev, Katherine Minichiello, Liza C. Villaruz, Bryan Faller, Tareq Al Baghdadi, Susan Hines, Leah Everhart, Louise Highleyman, Vassiliki Papadimitrakopoulou, David R. Gandara, Karen Kelly, Roy S. Herbst
Summary: This randomized phase II trial demonstrated that the combination of ramucirumab and pembrolizumab significantly improved overall survival in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer previously treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy. The safety profile of this combination therapy was consistent with the known toxicities of both drugs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hossein Borghaei, Scott Gettinger, Everett E. Vokes, Laura Q. M. Chow, Marco Angelo Burgio, Javier de Castro Carpeno, Adam Pluzanski, Oscar Arrieta, Osvaldo Aren Frontera, Rita Chiari, Charles Butts, Joanna Wojcik-Tomaszewska, Bruno Coudert, Marina Chiara Garassino, Neal Ready, Enriqueta Felip, Miriam Alonso Garcia, David Waterhouse, Manuel Domine, Fabrice Barlesi, Scott Antonia, Markus Wohlleber, David E. Gerber, Grzegorz Czyzewicz, David R. Spigel, Lucio Crino, Wilfried Enst Erich Eberhardt, Ang Li, Sathiya Marimuthu, Julie Brahmer
Summary: Immunotherapy with nivolumab has shown improved overall survival and safety compared to docetaxel in patients with advanced NSCLC in two phase III trials. Pooled 5-year data demonstrated a significant survival benefit with nivolumab and no new safety concerns.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Camille Ardin, Sarah Humez, Vincent Leroy, Alexandre Ampere, Soraya Bordier, Fabienne Escande, Amelie Turlotte, Luc Stoven, David Nunes, Alexis Cortot, Clement Gauvain
Summary: The decision to continue immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after 2 years depends mainly on the care center and does not seem to impact survival.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sophie M. Poznanski, Tyrah M. Ritchie, Isabella Y. Fan, Abdullah El-Sayes, Ana L. Portillo, Ronny Ben-Avi, Eduardo A. Rojas, Marianne Chew, Yaron Shargall, Ali A. Ashkar
Summary: Expanded natural killer (NK) cells from patients with lung cancer can sensitize non-responding tumors to PD1-blockade therapy by maintaining strong antitumor activity against both PDL1+ and PDL1- patient tumors and overcoming tumor-induced immunosuppression, resulting in synergistic tumor destruction when combined with PD1-blockade.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Mary O'Brien, Luis Paz-Ares, Sandrine Marreaud, Urania Dafni, Kersti Oselin, Libor Havel, Emilio Esteban, Dolores Isla, Alex Martinez-Marti, Martin Faehling, Masahiro Tsuboi, Jong-Seok Lee, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Jing Yang, Ayman Samkari, Steven M. Keller, Murielle Mauer, Nitish Jha, Rolf Stahel, Benjamin Besse, Solange Peters
Summary: This study evaluated the use of Pembrolizumab as adjuvant therapy for completely resected stage IB-IIIA NSCLC. The results showed that Pembrolizumab significantly improved disease-free survival in both the overall population and the PD-L1 TPS of 50% or greater population.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edouard Dantoing, Nicolas Piton, Mathieu Salaun, Luc Thiberville, Florian Guisier
Summary: Anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapy has become a standard of care for NSCLC, with patient selection based on PD-L1 expression and tumor mutational burden. However, mutations in oncogenic drivers can impact efficacy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Luiz H. Araujo, Clarissa S. Baldotto, Mariana R. Monteiro, Pedro N. Aguiar, Maria Clara Andrade, Cecilia L. Longo, Mayara Batista, Raphaela Lima, Debora Azevedo, Natalia Carvalho, Perla Andrade, Mauro Zukin, Nelson Teich
Summary: This study explored patient-centered outcomes in lung cancer in a real-world setting, finding that patients diagnosed at advanced stages had more symptoms and lower functioning but tended to improve during treatment. The results demonstrate the feasibility of placing patients at the heart of cancer care and using their experiences to guide clinical approaches.
Article
Oncology
Guangsheng Zhu, Dian Ren, Xi Lei, Ruifeng Shi, Shuai Zhu, Ning Zhou, Lingling Zu, Ramon Andrade De Mello, Jun Chen, Song XU
Summary: The study found that FAT1 gene mutation may be a predictive biomarker for NSCLC patients with no durable clinical benefit to ICBs, and the established prognostic model performed well in screening NSCLC patients for ICBs.
Review
Oncology
Ramon Andrade de Mello, Giovanna Araujo Amaral, Nathalia Moises Neves, Estela Gudin Lippo, Fernanda Parini, Song Xu, Maria Tolia, Nikolaos Charalampakis, Hakaru Tadokoro, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Jinhui Zhu
Summary: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer worldwide and the second most lethal. Gastric cancer biomarkers can be used for diagnosis, prediction of sensitivity to treatment, and prognosis. Some biomarkers can serve as therapeutic targets for antitumoral drugs.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Ramon Andrade de Mello, Giovanna Araujo Amaral, Carla Chizuru Tajima, Hakaru Tadokoro, Jairo Iavelberg, Debora Simonetti, Maria Tolia, Jose Antonio Silva
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Laercio Lopes da Silva, Pedro Nazareth Aguiar, Renata D'Alpino, Rodrigo Dienstmann
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ramon Andrade Bezerra De Mello, Rafael Voscaboinik, Joao Vittor Pires Luciano, Rafaela Vilela Cremonese, Giovanna Araujo Amaral, Pedro Castelo-Branco, Georgios Antoniou
Summary: This paper provides a reliable data source on advanced non-small cell lung cancers without driver mutations and their treatment with immunotherapy. Through a review of the latest research on PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors, the paper presents the current advancements in immunotherapy for this type of lung cancer, particularly the use of PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 inhibitors. Immunotherapy has transformed the treatment of advanced NSCLC lacking driver mutations, becoming first-line therapy with excellent results. The paper also explores the combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy, VEGF inhibitors, and immunotherapy for patients with low PDL-1 positivity tumors, showing significant improvement in overall survival and progression-free survival.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marina Kelner, Bruna Carvalho da Silva, Tatiane Montella, Pedro Nazareth Aguiar, Gilberto Lopes, Carlos G. Ferreira, Pedro De Marchi
Summary: This study compares the cost of treating advanced lung cancer in Brazil with the reimbursement provided by the Brazilian public healthcare system. It finds that the cost of the best treatment available is significantly higher than the amount reimbursed by the system.
VALUE IN HEALTH REGIONAL ISSUES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pedro Nazareth Aguiar, Silvio Matsas, Rodrigo Dienstmann, Carlos Gil Ferreira
Summary: Personalized medicine has improved prevention and treatment of various types of neoplasms by providing individual-level knowledge. However, the high costs of genomic testing and targeted therapies are still a barrier, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Efforts at a global level are needed to improve access to personalized medicine for more cancer patients.
PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Flavia Amaral Duarte, Pedro Nazareth Aguiar Junior, Rodrigo Dienstmann, Carlos Gil Ferreira
Summary: Precision medicine provides personalized interventions based on patients' or tumors' characteristics, but it faces challenges in becoming a global reality, with the main issue being inequities in access to genomic testing. Disparities exist between regions and populations, and socioeconomic factors play a significant role in this inequality.
EXPERT REVIEW OF PHARMACOECONOMICS & OUTCOMES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Katia Roque, Rossana Ruiz, Iris Otoya-Fernandez, Jose Galarreta, Tatiana Vidaurre, Ramon Andrade de Mello, Silvia Neciosup, Luis Mas, Henry Gomez
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the use of telemedicine for cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that telemedicine played an important role in maintaining the continuity of cancer care, and patients reported a high level of satisfaction with telemedicine.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Mirella Stival, Pedro Nazareth Aguiar, Marcos Aurelio Fonseca Magalhaes Filho, Auro Del Giglio
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniela Pezzutti Domigues Armentano, Mariana Ribeiro Monteiro, Pedro Nazareth Aguiar, Jessica Sayuri Tsukamoto, Raquel Baptista Pio, Renata Arakelian, Raphael Leonardo Cunha Araujo, Pedro Luiz Serrano Uson Junior
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association of red cell blood counts and liver panel tests with outcomes in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors who underwent systemic antineoplastic treatments. Laboratory tests were conducted, and the results showed that chromogranin A, neutrophils, and platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio were associated with disease progression.
EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marcos Aurelio Fonseca Magalhaes Filho, Pedro Nazareth Aguiar, Milena Brachmans Mascarenhas Neves, Gilberto de Lima Lopes, Auro del Giglio
Summary: This study compared the treatment effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of T-DM1 and trastuzumab for residual invasive HER2-positive breast cancer. The results showed that T-DM1 had better invasive disease-free survival and overall survival compared to trastuzumab, and it was cost-effective from both Brazilian and American perspectives.
EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Geane Tomaides Henriques, Cleide Barbieri de Souza, Pedro Nazareth Aguiar
Summary: Currently, immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors is a crucial treatment option for non-small-cell lung cancer. However, not all patients respond well to this therapy, and the available biomarker (PD-L1 expression) has limitations. Understanding the tumor genetics and microenvironment could provide potential tools for patient selection and the development of new predictive biomarkers.
Article
Oncology
Helder Almeida-Lousada, Andre Mestre, Sara Ramalhete, Aryeh J. Price, Ramon Andrade de Mello, Ana D. Marreiros, Ricardo Pires das Neves, Pedro Castelo-Branco
Summary: Colorectal cancer plays a significant role in cancer incidence and mortality worldwide, requiring improved screening methods for early detection and patient management. The three pillars of CRC screening include endoscopy, radiological imaging, and molecular assays, with biomarker-based screening methods showing promising advantages for the future.
Review
Immunology
Xiangye Zhao, Kewei Ma, Xiaobo Ma, Xu Wang, Chao Sun, Shi Qiu, Ye Guo, Zhiguang Yang, Yunpeng Liu, Yinghui Xu
Summary: Immunotherapy may lead to pseudoprogression, where tumors initially grow but shrink with continued treatment. This article reports a case of pseudoprogression in a lung cancer patient receiving immunotherapy, and reviews the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and prognostic indicators of pseudoprogression.
Article
Immunology
Ling-zhijie Kong, Ying Zheng, Kaichun Li
Summary: Treatment options for metastatic colorectal cancer are limited after second-line chemotherapy failure. In this case report, a 59-year-old male patient achieved remarkable response to fruquintinib and toripalimab combination therapy after multiple lines of chemotherapy failed. The patient had partial response within 3 months and complete response of pulmonary masses within 12 months. The combination of fruquintinib and PD-1 inhibitors improves the prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer, with a progression-free survival of over 17 months.
