Wideband multiple-input-multiple-output dielectric resonator antenna

A two-element multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna having wideband characteristics is presented. The wideband operation is achieved by using a mushroom shaped dielectric resonator excited by a conformal trapezoidal patch. In order to realise two-element MIMO configuration, two wideband radiators are arranged orthogonally which offers polarisation diversity. The measured bandwidth (VSWR <= 2) for Port1 is 61% (5.08-9.50 GHz), whereas for Port2 it is 65% (4.89-9.61 GHz). The isolation between the two ports is better than 20 dB for the desired frequency band. The antenna exhibits broadside radiation with cross polar level below 15 dB. The peak gain of antenna varies from 3.34 to 7.40 dBi at Port1 and from 2.34 to 7.9 dBi at Port2. Moreover, the various MIMO performance metrics including envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain, channel capacity loss and total active reflection coefficient are investigated. The ECC is less than 0.01 and capacity loss is under 0.5 bps/ Hz throughout the operating bandwidth. The results confirm that the antenna offers effective MIMO/ diversity performance. The proposed antenna can be suitable for WLAN and upper ultra wideband frequency band applications.