Article
Energy & Fuels
Alberto Boretti
Summary: This study analyzes data on the energy economy and environmental friendliness of passenger cars, aiming to propose the necessary developments to reduce CO2 emissions by the end of this decade. The findings suggest that sharing battery capacity among many plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) rather than a few battery electric vehicles would effectively reduce CO2 emissions in the life cycle analysis of road transport until 2030. Suggestions are also provided to improve the energy efficiency of PHEVs and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles over certification cycles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nurten Sahan, Muhsin Mazman, Cem Kaypmaz, Beyza Beyhan, Halime Paksoy
Summary: Green transportation with net-zero CO2 emissions requires reliable long-life batteries in electric cars. This study proposes a new, versatile, and high-capacity phase change material (PCM) package for battery thermal management (BTM). The tested flexible PCM packages significantly reduce the operating temperatures of LiFePO4 battery packs by 10-15°C compared to reference packs without PCMs. Economic and environmental assessments show that they can greatly prolong battery life and decrease CO2 emissions.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmet Mandev, Patrick Plotz, Frances Sprei, Gil Tal
Summary: This study investigated the charging behavior of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and found that most users do not charge their vehicles overnight and engage in additional charging on 20-26% of driving days. The study also indicated that the utility factor should not be the sole measure of PHEV environmental performance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ioana Ancuta Iancu, Patrick Hendrick, Dan Doru Micu, Denisa Stet, Levente Czumbil, Stefan Dragos Cirstea
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between national cultural dimensions (Hofstede model) and car adoption by fuel type in EU countries, aiming to fill the gap in considering the behavioral factors of buyers in low-emission mobility. The results show that consumer preference for one fuel type is correlated with at least one of Hofstede's six cultural dimensions. Increases in individualism, indulgence, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance index are associated with increased usage of low- and medium-emission cars.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhiguo Wang, Hongqian Wei, Gongwei Xiao, Youtong Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a real-time energy management strategy for HEVs considering battery health. By predicting battery health status and SOC values and integrating energy optimization and online equivalent consumption minimization strategy, the proposed strategy aims to save energy and improve handling adaptiveness. Simulation and experimental tests have validated its superiority in terms of energy economy and maneuverability.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Economics
Debapriya Chakraborty, David S. Bunch, David Brownstone, Bingzheng Xu, Gil Tal
Summary: The study reveals the importance of neighborhood and workplace effects in supporting the diffusion of plug-in electric vehicle technology in California between 2014 and 2016. Exposure to additional BEVs or PHEVs within a 1-mile radius is associated with increased BEV sales but negatively impacts PHEV sales.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Satadru Dey, Munmun Khanra
Summary: This article addresses the cybersecurity challenges associated with the large scale deployment of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) by exploring control-oriented approaches. Two algorithms for detecting cyberattacks on PEV battery packs during charging are discussed, including a static detector and a dynamic detector. A filter-based design approach for the dynamic detector is proposed to consider stability, robustness, and attack sensitivity as multiobjective criteria. Theoretical analysis and simulation studies show the effectiveness of the algorithms in detecting denial-of-charging (DoC) and overcharging attacks, indicating the superiority of the dynamic detector.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Akila E. Jayasinghe, Nuwantha Fernando, Sisil Kumarawadu, Liuping Wang
Summary: Electric batteries, especially lithium-ion batteries, have gained attention due to their high-power density, high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and performance. This paper critically reviews different battery models and discusses parameter extraction methods to accurately predict performance and aging. The mixed method that combines online and offline methods shows good performance for parameter estimation.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shrikant R. Patil, Bhaskara Rao Lokavarapu, Hareesh Karonnin Thaliyanveedu
Summary: Battery thermal management plays a significant role in maintaining battery temperature within a defined range for superior performance and battery life. This study focuses on optimizing battery cooling plates at a module level, with the Z-type plate showing better performance compared to the original plate. The optimized design of the cooling plate resulted in a 23.68% decrease in pressure drop, 23.28% improvement in temperature uniformity, and a 45.53% decrease in Delta T.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kirandeep Kaur, Akhil Garg, Xujian Cui, Surinder Singh, Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi
Summary: By utilizing data-driven modeling with measurable battery signals, this study introduced the use of deep neural networks for battery capacity estimation. The results demonstrate that the LSTM model outperforms others in accuracy, and battery temperature has a relatively minor impact on capacity estimation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Sadegh Isfahani, Ayat Gharehghani, Soheil Saeedipour, Moeed Rabiei
Summary: This paper proposes a hybrid cooling system consisting of microchannels and phase change materials (PCM) enhanced by metal foam, and compares its performance with active and passive cooling methods. Results show that the hybrid system performs better in maintaining maximum temperature and temperature difference.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Kenneth S. Kurani, Angela Sanguinetti
Summary: The Clean Miles Standard in California aims to increase electric driving on transportation network companies. This study examines the charging behavior of electric vehicle drivers on TNCs in the United States. The analysis identifies seven clusters of charging behavior based on location, power level, and time. The study finds that drivers' charging behavior is correlated to hours spent driving on TNCs, and commitment to being a TNC driver has a greater impact than commitment to driving an EV. The results suggest that increasing public fast charging, improving electric range, and facilitating home charging will benefit different clusters of drivers.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ahmet Mandev, Patrick Ploetz, Frances Sprei, Gil Tal
Summary: The study investigated the daily charging behavior of over 10,000 Chevrolet Volt PHEVs and found that a percentage of users do not charge overnight, while additional charging occurs on 20-26% of driving days. It also concluded that the utility factor should not be the sole measure of environmental performance for PHEVs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Narjes Fallah, Colin Fitzpatrick
Summary: While electric vehicles aim to reduce carbon emissions, additional consideration is needed for the environmental impact of battery production and end-of-life management. Circular end-of-life thinking has been promoted to extend retired batteries' lifetime, particularly for cobalt-containing cathode Li-ion batteries such as NMC and the alternative technology LFPs. This study evaluates the financial return of repurposing retired Li-ion NMC and LFP batteries for energy arbitrage applications in power systems, finding that LFP batteries have higher potential for repurposing due to their higher financial return and greater integration in new vehicles.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Nowsheen Sharmili, Rakesh Nagi, Pingfeng Wang
Summary: Due to the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, the global demand for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) has been steadily increasing. This poses challenges in the supply chain of raw materials, as battery production cannot keep up with the rising demand. Different manufacturing processes are used at different stages of the battery life cycle, resulting in variations in economic and environmental performance. This review paper discusses the financial and environmental impact of current battery raw material composition and battery manufacturing processes. Additionally, the end-of-life management of LIBs faces various challenges such as economic constraints, technical difficulties, regulatory gaps, environmental impacts, and logistics issues. The review explores the end-of-life management of LIBs from raw material composition to recycling/remanufacturing, taking into account perspectives from industrial engineering, manufacturing, chemical engineering, material science, energy, and sustainability management. It also identifies research gaps in production, reverse supply chains, and logistics for LIBs and suggests future research directions.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Miguel Angel Bermeo-Ayerbe, Carlos Ocampo-Martinez, Javier Diaz-Rozo
Summary: This paper introduces an online data-driven energy modeling approach with adaptive capabilities to enhance the energy efficiency of industrial machinery. By utilizing a concept drift detector, the dynamic behavior of machinery's energy consumption is modeled, achieving a high prediction accuracy and successfully detecting changes in energy consumption.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Krisztian Mark Balla, Christian Schou, Jan Dimon Bendtsen, Carlos Ocampo-Martinez, Carsten Skovmose Kallesoe
Summary: In this article, a joint parameter and state estimation method for urban drainage networks using level sensors is proposed. The flow dynamics on the main pipelines are described using the variations in water levels and the topological layout of the network is utilized to obtain the states and parameters. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on a high-fidelity model.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jordi-Roger Riba, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz, Juan Antonio Ortega
Summary: This article reviews the state-of-the-art of electrical protections for aeronautic applications, focusing on the importance of arc faults in aircraft systems and their harmful effects on cable insulation. The paper discusses the current status and progress of the technology, as well as future challenges that need to be addressed.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gabriel Rojas-Duenas, Jordi-Roger Riba, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz
Summary: This article presents a novel approach for black-box modeling of 270 V-to-28 V dc-dc step-down converters used in more electric aircrafts. The proposed method uses offline experimental data to find an accurate model that can accurately emulate the behavior of the real converter when the internal structure and parameters are unknown.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jordi-Roger Riba, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz, Maxence Boizieau, Tamerlan Ibrayemov
Summary: Unpressurized aircraft circuits can cause severe incidents and accidents due to electrical discharges. This study analyzes the feasibility of using inexpensive non-invasive solar-blind sensors to detect these discharges at an early stage. The experimental results demonstrate that these sensors can be applied in unpressurized aircraft environments for on-line detection of electrical discharges, enabling predictive maintenance strategies.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Juan Martinez-Piazuelo, Nicanor Quijano, Carlos Ocampo-Martinez
Summary: This paper investigates the problem of seeking generalized Nash equilibrium in population games with general affine equality and convex inequality constraints. A novel payoff dynamics model is designed to guide decision-making agents to a generalized Nash equilibrium, where constraints are satisfied and no agent has incentives to deviate from their selected strategies. The paper provides sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of the equilibria set in stable population games using Lyapunov stability theory. Additional results characterizing the properties of the equilibria set are also presented for general continuous population games. The theoretical developments are numerically validated using a Cournot game with various market-related and production-related constraints.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Wicak Ananduta, Angelia Nedic, Carlos Ocampo-Martinez
Summary: This paper discusses a multiagent optimization problem arising from energy systems management. The proposed algorithm is based on solving the dual of the augmented problem, addressing the separable and convex cost function, non-strong convexity, and edge-based coupling equality constraints. The time-varying nature of the communication network and the asynchronous execution of the algorithm are also considered.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Eduard Morera-Torres, Carlos Ocampo-Martinez, Fernando D. Bianchi
Summary: This paper proposes a torque vectoring architecture for controlling the four electrical machines in a 4WD formula-type competition vehicle, including a new yaw-rate controller and an optimal torque distribution algorithm. Two yaw-rate controllers are designed based on different optimization methods, using an extended bicycle model validated with experimental data. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in terms of energy efficiency, cornering speed, and stability under high-demanding working conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Pau Bas-Calopa, Jordi-Roger Riba, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz
Summary: This paper investigates the design of insulation systems for more electric aircrafts. Experimental and computational methods are used to determine the corona extinction voltage and discharge points in a sphere-to-plane electrode configuration. The results provide valuable data for aircraft electrical insulations and high-voltage hardware manufacturers.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuming Liu, Jordi-Roger Riba, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz
Summary: The internet of things (IoT) allows for the measurement of physical variables and data acquisition in previously inaccessible locations, such as transmission lines and electrical substations. This paper presents a power balance analysis of an IoT device, including the energy harvesting module, battery, and sensors and communication modules. It demonstrates the measurement of energy in different communication modes using conventional instrumentation and determines the maximum allowable data transfer rate based on the energy balance of the battery. This approach has potential applications in various smart grid IoT devices.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ana Sanchez-Amores, Juan Martinez-Piazuelo, Jose M. Maestre, Carlos Ocampo-Martinez, Eduardo F. Camacho, Nicanor Quijano
Summary: This paper proposes a novel coalitional control approach for large-scale parabolic-trough solar collector fields. The approach splits the field into smaller subsystems, each governed by a local controller. Controllers are clustered into coalitions to solve local optimization problems, achieving an approximate solution to the centralized problem in a decentralized manner. A population-dynamics-assisted resource allocation strategy is proposed to decouple the optimization problems of the coalitions, reducing computational burden while ensuring operational constraints and overall performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuming Liu, Jordi-Roger Riba, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz, Josep Sanllehi
Summary: This paper analyzes the behavior of state-of-the-art TEGs designed for high-voltage AC and DC applications in IoT health monitoring systems. It presents an application example of monitoring the health condition of devices in electrical substations using TEGs to harvest energy from the small temperature gradient between the busbar and ambient. The results show that TEGs can supply wireless sensors even with temperature gradients as low as 5 degrees C.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Pau Bas-Calopa, Jordi-Roger Riba, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz
Summary: The combination of low-pressure environment and aircraft electrification increases the risk of electrical discharges. Most studies only consider static pressure conditions, but aircraft systems experience dynamic pressure conditions during climb and descent. This paper analyzes the effect of dynamic pressure during climb on corona inception voltage and finds that it has no significant impact under typical climb conditions.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Miguel Angel Bermeo-Ayerbe, Vincent Cocquempot, Carlos Ocampo-Martinez, Javier Diaz-Rozo
Summary: This research proposes a non-intrusive condition monitoring method to estimate the remaining useful life (RUL) of the most critical component in an electromechanical system. It focuses on monitoring the characteristic frequencies from the torque oscillations transmitted via the stator currents. By processing current signals and using exponential regressions, the RUL can be estimated along with its confidence bounds. The methodology achieved high accuracy in anticipating bearing failures with a significant lead time.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jordi-Roger Riba, Ricard Arbat, Yaye Oumy Ndong, Manuel Moreno-Eguilaz
Summary: This paper introduces electric field energy harvesting as a promising choice due to its ability to provide uninterrupted power based on the presence of AC voltage in the grid. It aims to provide practical information on the possibilities of electric field energy harvesting for both high- and low-voltage applications, with a focus on low-power applications such as wireless sensor nodes. Theoretical, simulation, and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of this energy source.
