期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
卷 11, 期 4, 页码 773-783出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2017.2684818
关键词
Boost converter; cold startup; compound harvester platform; conversion efficiency; ILRO; in-vivo; low power; MPPT; native NMOS; positive feedback; thermoelectric harvester
In order to use thermoelectric energy harvesters (TEHs) as a truly autonomous energy source for size-limited sensing applications, it is essential to improve the power conversion efficiency and energy density. This study presents a thin-film, arraybasedTEHwith a surface area of 0.83 cm(2). TheTEHautonomously supplies a power management IC fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. The IC utilizes a single-inductor topology with integrated analog maximum power point tracking (MPPT), resulting in a 68% peak end-to-end efficiency (92% converter efficiency) and less than 20-ms MPPT. In an in-vivo test, a 645-mu Wregulated output power (effective 3.5 K of temperature gradient) was harvested from a rat implanted with our TEH, demonstrating true energy independence in a real environment while showing a 7.9 x improvement in regulated power density compared to the state-ofthe-art. The system showed autonomous operation down to 65-mV TEH input.
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