Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Klara Komici, Angelica Perna, Germano Guerra
Summary: Frailty is a clinical condition characterized by a decline in biological reserves, physiological mechanism failure, and vulnerability to stressors. This review focuses on the role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in frailty, highlighting their impaired function, number, and survival in the elderly. It also discusses the modification of EPCs in age-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. The review concludes by exploring interventions that may restore EPCs expression and function in frail individuals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
M. A. Sunil, V. S. Sunitha, Prasanthkumar Santhakumaran, Mohind C. Mohan, Midhun Sebastian Jose, E. K. Radhakrishnan, Jyothis Mathew
Summary: The study demonstrated that catechin inhibited several inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells while also up-regulating IL-10 production. Furthermore, catechin down-regulated the mRNA expression of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, NF-κB, and p38 MAPK.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina Pagliara, Giuseppina Amodio, Vincenzo Vestuto, Silvia Franceschelli, Nicola Antonino Russo, Vittorio Cirillo, Giovanna Mottola, Paolo Remondelli, Ornella Moltedo
Summary: ATF6a is an endoplasmic reticulum protein involved in unfolded protein response in mammals. In differentiating mouse C2C12 myoblasts, only the ATF6a pathway of UPR is activated. Activation of ATF6a depends on p38 MAPK and its inhibition impairs myotube formation and trafficking of ATF6a.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nick Gaulton, Griffen Wakelin, Laura V. Young, Scott Wotherspoon, Michael Kamal, Gianni Parise, Joshua P. Nederveen, Andy Holwerda, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc J. C. van Loon, Tim Snijders, Adam P. Johnston
Summary: Twist2-expressing cells are a population of myogenic progenitors in human skeletal muscle that respond to aging and exercise. They are similar to fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) and distinct from satellite cells. These cells are more prevalent in aged muscle and increase following resistance exercise training (RET).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eun Ji Lee, Woong Bi Jang, Jaewoo Choi, Hye Ji Lim, Sangmi Park, Vinoth Kumar Rethineswaran, Jong Seong Ha, Jisoo Yun, Young Joon Hong, Young Jin Choi, Sang-Mo Kwon
Summary: This study investigated the protective effect of glutathione (GSH) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. The results showed that GSH treatment increased the viability and reduced ROS generation and apoptosis in human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) treated with DOX. In addition, co-treatment with GSH and suppression of ERK signaling improved the survival of hCPCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Simon Toupance, Stephanie Simonici, Carlos Labat, Chloe Dumoulin, Tsung-Po Lai, Cecile Lakomy, Veronique Regnault, Patrick Lacolley, Francoise Dignat George, Florence Sabatier, Abraham Aviv, Athanase Benetos
Summary: The study found that individuals with longer telomeres have more self-renewing endothelial colony-forming cells. White blood cell telomere length can serve as a surrogate marker for endothelial repair capacity in clinical and laboratory practice, with potential applications.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Keli Zhao, Tao Zhou, Jun Yang, Yaqin Li, Jie Qin, Shaobin Wang, Dezhi Li, Junhui Chen, Wei V. Zheng
Summary: Currently, the health of the elderly is a prominent problem in an aging society, and reversing or alleviating stem cell aging has become an urgent scientific problem. Lutein, a carotene found in natural sources, has been found to have potential anti-aging effects. In this study, mesenchymal stem cells were used as a model to evaluate the anti-aging potential of lutein. The results showed that lutein has a good anti-aging effect both in vitro and in vivo.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xiaogang Chu, Kumar Subramani, Bobby Thomas, Alvin V. Terry, Sadanand Fulzele, Raghavan Pillai Raju
Summary: Studies have shown that factors in the blood of young organisms can rejuvenate the old ones. In this study, it was discovered that treating aged mice with plasma-derived factors from young mice can prolong their lives and reduce oxidative stress. The treatment also modulates the Nrf2/Bach1 axis in the antioxidant response pathway, promoting injury resolution.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariana Moraes de Lima Perini, Conner R. Valuch, Ushashi C. Dadwal, Olatundun D. Awosanya, Sarah L. Mostardo, Rachel J. Blosser, Adam M. Knox, Anthony C. McGuire, Hanisha L. Battina, Murad Nazzal, Melissa A. Kacena, Jiliang Li
Summary: Aging negatively affects the activity of endothelial cells, resulting in impaired bone healing. Implantation of neonatal bone marrow-derived endothelial cells (BMECs) has been found to enhance bone healing in aged mice. Compared to BMECs, lung-derived endothelial cells (LECs) are more feasible for clinical application in bone repair.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masayuki Tsukasaki, Noriko Komatsu, Takako Negishi-Koga, Nam Cong-Nhat Huynh, Ryunosuke Muro, Yutaro Ando, Yuka Seki, Asuka Terashima, Warunee Pluemsakunthai, Takeshi Nitta, Takashi Nakamura, Tomoki Nakashima, Shinsuke Ohba, Haruhiko Akiyama, Kazuo Okamoto, Roland Baron, Hiroshi Takayanagi
Summary: This study reveals the importance of periosteal stem cells in bone formation and skeletal growth, as well as their functional crosstalk with growth plate stem cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yichao Gan, Chen Wang, Yunyun Chen, Linxin Hua, Hui Fang, Shu Li, Shoujie Chai, Yang Xu, Jiawei Zhang, Ying Gu
Summary: Liver cancer, the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, lacks effective therapies. TBM-2 induces a unique form of cell death called methuosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, effectively suppressing tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xue Han, Panpan Liu, Bin Zheng, Muqing Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Yucong Xue, Chenxu Liu, Xi Chu, Xiangting Wang, Shijiang Sun, Li Chu
Summary: The study reveals that 6-gingerol can combat hypoxia-related oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting the p38/NF-kappa B pathway. The experiments demonstrate that 6-gingerol protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-induced damage and reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mahalia M. McGill, Alyssa R. Richman, Joseph R. Boyd, Bristy Sabikunnahar, Karolyn G. Lahue, Theresa L. Montgomery, Sydney Caldwell, Stella Varnum, Seth Frietze, Dimitry N. Krementsov
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, with higher prevalence in women but more severe symptoms in men. Research has shown that genetic ablation of p38 alpha MAP kinase in myeloid cells has sex-specific protective effects, suggesting that distinct cellular and molecular pathways drive autoimmunity in males and females. This indicates the potential for future sex-specific therapeutic approaches in treating MS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuan Xiang, Zhengshi Zhou, Lingping Zhu, Chuanchang Li, Ying Luo, Jipeng Zhou
Summary: The study found that omentin-1 significantly improved EPC functions and reduced neointimal hyperplasia by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/CREB pathway. Genetically modifying EPC with omentin-1 could be a potential alternative strategy for the treatment of restenosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tong Zheng, Donna F. Bielinski, Derek R. Fisher, Jianyi Zhang, Barbara Shukitt-Hale
Summary: Blueberry extract has a positive effect on the viability and proliferation rates of adult hippocampal progenitor cells, potentially reversing decreases caused by dopamine, possibly due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and calcium-buffering properties.