Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fabio Bioletto, Chiara Lopez, Martina Bollati, Stefano Arata, Matteo Procopio, Federico Ponzetto, Guglielmo Beccuti, Giulio Mengozzi, Ezio Ghigo, Mauro Maccario, Mirko Parasiliti-Caprino
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of using aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) as a diagnostic criteria for primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with resistant hypertension (RH). The results showed that in normokalemic patients, ARR had a lower diagnostic accuracy and may not accurately differentiate between PA and essential RH. However, in patients with hypokalemia, ARR had a higher diagnostic accuracy and may serve as a diagnostic criterion for PA.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nada Younes, Isabelle Bourdeau, Andre Lacroix
Summary: Primary adrenal insufficiency is a rare but potentially fatal disease characterized by destruction of the adrenal cortex leading to hormone deficiencies. Patients often present with fatigue, weight loss, melanoderma, and hypotension. Diagnosis requires testing hormone levels and concentrations.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Decio Armanini, Chiara Sabbadin, Luigi De Marco, Luciana Bordin
Summary: A recent study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a 52% increased risk of COVID-19 infection, with nearly twice the incidence compared to women without PCOS. A survey of 200 unvaccinated women with PCOS who had been treated with spironolactone for more than 4 months revealed only four infected patients, with mild or minimal symptoms. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and evaluate the use of spironolactone in both PCOS and the general population for COVID-19.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jun Yang, Stella May Gwini, Lawrence J. Beilin, Markus Schlaich, Michael Stowasser, Morag J. Young, Peter J. Fuller, Trevor A. Mori
Summary: Oral contraception can increase the aldosterone to renin ratio, leading to false positive results in the screening for primary aldosteronism. Until more reliable criteria for primary aldosteronism screening in oral contraception users are established, alternative contraception methods should be considered.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paolo Mulatero, Chiara Bertello, Franco Veglio, Silvia Monticone
Summary: Primary aldosteronism is an overlooked condition with significant mortality and morbidity. The difficulty of screening patients on antihypertensive therapy has resulted in low testing rates. However, interference with medication may not always be necessary for accurate screening.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Natalie Arnold, Iris M. Hermanns, Andreas Schulz, Omar Hahad, Volker H. Schmitt, Marina Panova-Noeva, Juergen H. Prochaska, Harald Binder, Norbert Pfeiffer, Manfred Beutel, Karl J. Lackner, Thomas Muenzel, Philipp S. Wild
Summary: This study investigates the predictive ability of direct plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations as well as their ratio (aldosterone-to-renin, ARR) for incident hypertension in the general population. The study finds that ARR has a stronger predictive value for incident hypertension than renin or aldosterone alone, especially in obese subjects.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Piotr Jedrusik, Bartosz Symonides, Jacek Lewandowski, Zbigniew Gaciong
Summary: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a potentially curable form of secondary hypertension that requires measuring renin and aldosterone, followed by confirmatory tests. Various antihypertensive drug classes interfere with PA evaluation, with calcium antagonists and alpha-blockers being the least interfering drugs.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jose Sebastiao Cunha Fernandes, Ricardo Siqueira da Silva, Alexandre Christofaro Silva, Daniel Campos Villela, Vanessa Amaral Mendonca, Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
Summary: The incidence of COVID-19, as well as the death rate, were found to be lower in Brazilian cities located in high altitudes (795<= 1135 m a.s.l) compared to those in middle (97-795 m a.s.l) and low altitudes (<= 97 m a.s.l). Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between COVID-19 incidence and altitude, and a positive correlation with relative humidity in the analyzed cities.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Rawan M. Alnazer, Gregory P. Veldhuizen, Peter W. de Leeuw, Abraham A. Kroon
Summary: The objective of this study is to identify the impact of age, sex, and BMI on renin, aldosterone, and the aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) in hypertensive patients without primary aldosteronism. The results showed that age is the only independent determinant of the ARR, while sex and BMI do not significantly affect the ARR.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta Araujo-Castroa, Paola Parra-Ramirez
Summary: Primary aldosteronism is the most common cause of secondary arterial hypertension and is associated with a higher cardio-metabolic risk compared to essential arterial hypertension. This review summarizes the available data on the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism, from screening to confirmatory study and localization.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stepan Gambaryan, Sanika Mohagaonkar, Viacheslav O. Nikolaev
Summary: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a crucial role in blood volume and blood pressure regulation, and its dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular and renal diseases. Cyclic nucleotides and phosphodiesterases are the main regulators of this system, controlling the expression and activity of renin and aldosterone. This review summarizes the known mechanisms by which cyclic nucleotides and phosphodiesterases regulate the expression of renin gene, secretion of renin granules, and production of aldosterone, as well as highlighting some unanswered questions for future research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta Araujo-Castro, Paola Parra-Ramirez
Summary: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary arterial hypertension and is associated with a higher cardio-metabolic risk compared to essential arterial hypertension (EHT) patients. High clinical suspicion for PA is necessary, and confirmatory tests should be performed if an elevated aldosterone/renin ratio is confirmed. Localization study, including CT and AVS, is the final step in diagnosing PA.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Lebo F. Gafane-Matemane, Ruan Kruger, Wayne Smith, Catharina M. C. Mels, Johannes M. Van Rooyen, Gontse G. Mokwatsi, Aletta S. Uys, Sanette J. Brits, Aletta E. Schutte
Summary: This study showed differences in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, electrolytes, blood pressure, and total peripheral resistance between healthy young Black and White adults. RAAS concentrations were found to be half in Black adults compared to White adults, but the increase in blood pressure over time was faster in Black individuals. RAAS was similar in Black and White adults only in scenarios of low Na+/K+ values, indicating a potential essential role of potassium.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nicholas Yozamp, Gregory L. Hundemer, Marwan Moussa, Jonathan Underhill, Tali Fudim, Barry Sacks, Anand Vaidya
Summary: Patients with primary aldosteronism exhibit high variability in aldosterone concentrations and aldosterone-to-renin ratios, with many screening values falling below conventionally accepted diagnostic thresholds. By recalibrating the definition of a positive screen to include more liberal thresholds for aldosterone and the aldosterone-to-renin ratio, the diagnostic yield for primary aldosteronism may be substantially increased.
Review
Physiology
Zachary Gray, Wanzhu Tu, Glenn M. Chertow, Vivek Bhalla
Summary: Aldosterone sensitivity is the response variable to a specific level of aldosterone, measured in differential tissue and blood pressure responses. This concept challenges traditional views of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and may uncover novel mechanisms of hypertension, particularly in black individuals and older age groups.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Satoshi Higuchi, Hideki Ota, Yuta Tezuka, Kazumasa Seiji, Hidenobu Takagi, Jongmin Lee, Yi-Wei Lee, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Masataka Kudo, Fumitoshi Satoh, Kei Takase
Summary: This study found that APA is associated with greater LV volumetric parameters and higher native T1 values, indicating a higher risk of volume overload and myocardial damage.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuta Tezuka, Nanako Atsumi, Amy R. Blinder, Juilee Rege, Thomas J. Giordano, William E. Rainey, Adina F. Turcu
Summary: Unlike the ZG and ZR, the ZF and the total adrenal cortex areas enlarge with aging. An abrupt decline of the ZG occurs with age in men only, possibly contributing to sexual dimorphism in cardiovascular risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hiroko Ogata, Yuto Yamazaki, Yuta Tezuka, Xin Gao, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Yoshihide Kawasaki, Tomoaki Tanaka, Hidekazu Nagano, Norio Wada, Yutaka Oki, Akira Ikeya, Kenji Oki, Yoshiyu Takeda, Mitsuhiro Kometani, Kazunori Kageyama, Ken Terui, Celso E. Gomez-Sanchez, Shujun Liu, Ryo Morimoto, Kensuke Joh, Hiroshi Sato, Mariko Miyazaki, Akihiro Ito, Yoichi Arai, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Sadayoshi Ito, Fumitoshi Satoh, Hironobu Sasano
Summary: Research found that patients with hyperaldosteronism have more pronounced renal damage, characterized by global and segmental glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, arteriosclerosis, and arteriolar hyalinization. These results suggest the potential clinical significance of early intervention using mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists or blockers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuta Tezuka, Kae Ishii, Lili Zhao, Yuto Yamazaki, Ryo Morimoto, Hironobu Sasano, Aaron M. Udager, Fumitoshi Satoh, Adina F. Turcu
Summary: Dynamic HPA testing revealed significant differences in plasma steroid levels between patients with APA and BPA, with APA patients showing higher concentrations of specific steroids both at baseline and in response to ACTH stimulation. The discriminatory power of steroid measurements taken 15 minutes post-ACTH stimulation was particularly high, suggesting it could potentially replace adrenal vein sampling in some PA patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Yoshihide Kawasaki, Shigeto Ishidoya, Ryo Morimoto, Yoshikiyo Ono, Kei Omata, Yuta Tezuka, Naoki Kawamorita, Shinichi Yamashita, Koji Mitsuzuka, Fumitoshi Satoh, Akihiro Ito
Summary: Middle-aged patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) who undergo laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LADX) may experience limited antihypertensive effects, particularly in older patients. However, LADX can lead to significant improvements in mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older patients, despite lower rates of antihypertensive drug use post-surgery.
UROLOGIA INTERNATIONALIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naoki Motomura, Yuto Yamazaki, Daiki Koga, Shogo Harashima, Xin Gao, Yuta Tezuka, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Fumitoshi Satoh, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Go Eun Kwon, Man Ho Choi, Akihiro Ito, Hironobu Sasano
Summary: Cortisol-producing adenomas consist of clear and compact cells, with compact cells showing higher expression of cholesterol uptake receptors and synthetic enzymes. The study found that both cholesterol uptake and biosynthesis were more pronounced in compact cells, and that PRKACA mutation could contribute to more pronounced clinical symptoms through increased hormone-sensitive lipase expression in compact cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hiroyuki Sakakibara, Kazumasa Seiji, Sota Oguro, Kenji Mori, Kei Omata, Yuta Tezuka, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Takuya Masuda, Hisao Miyamoto, Takuya Hirao, Yuki Niwa, Yohei Suzuki, Yasutaka Baba, Fumitoshi Satoh, Kei Takase
Summary: This study evaluated a flexible device for transvenous adrenal gland radiofrequency ablation in vitro and in an in vivo animal model. The results showed that the device could be successfully inserted into the left adrenal vein and achieved effective ablation of the adrenal gland without causing thermal damage to surrounding organs. This method has the potential as a therapeutic option for primary aldosteronism.
CARDIOVASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yuta Tezuka, Sadayoshi Ito
Summary: This review explores the advantages of nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor blockers (MRBs) in the management of hypertension and cardiovascular and renal diseases compared to conventional MRBs. The unique structures of nonsteroidal MRBs result in higher selectivity for mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and no agonist activity for major steroid hormone receptors. Clinical trials have shown that nonsteroidal MRBs achieve similar MR blockade with smaller doses and have fewer off-target side effects.
CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naoki Motomura, Yuto Yamazaki, Xin Gao, Yuta Tezuka, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Fumitoshi Satoh, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Jaeyoon Shim, Man Ho Choi, Akihiro Ito, Hironobu Sasano
Summary: This study demonstrates that amlodipine, an anti-hypertensive medication, can directly affect aldosterone biosynthesis in aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) patients, potentially through its targeting of CaV1.2 and suppression of HSD3B activity.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shogo Harashima, Yuto Yamazaki, Naoki Motomura, Yoshikiyo Ono, Kei Omata, Yuta Tezuka, Ryo Morimoto, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Fumitoshi Satoh, Hiroyoshi Suzuki, Go Eun Kwon, Man Ho Choi, Hironobu Sasano
Summary: This study analyzed the histological characteristics, cholesterol metabolism, and differences related to gene mutations in aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs). The results showed that mutated KCNJ5 genes in APAs were associated with higher plasma aldosterone concentration and more lipid droplets in compact tumor cells compared to non-mutated APAs. Additionally, cholesterol uptake and synthesis were found to be different between clear and compact tumor cells, with mutated KCNJ5 APAs showing enhanced cholesterol ester uptake and de novo synthesis.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sota Oguro, Ryo Morimoto, Kazumasa Seiji, Hideki Ota, Tomo Kinoshita, Masahiro Kawabata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Kei Omata, Yuta Tezuka, Fumitoshi Satoh, Sadayoshi Ito, Nobukazu Moriya, Seishi Matsui, Tetsuo Nishikawa, Masao Omura, Kazuki Nakai, Seishi Nakatsuka, Isao Kurihara, Kazutoshi Miyashita, Wataru Koda, Tetsuya Minami, Yoshiyu Takeda, Mitsuhiro Kometani, Yutaka Oki, Toshihiro Oishi, Takasuke Ushio, Satoshi Goshima, Kei Takase
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using bipolar radiofrequency devices for patients with benign aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). The results showed that the treatment was successful in 94.6% of patients, with a clinical success rate of 86.5% after 84 days. The procedure was deemed safe with low adverse event rates.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tracy Ann Williams, Siyuan Gong, Yuya Tsurutani, Yuta Tezuka, Moe Thuzar, Jacopo Burrello, Vin-Cent Wu, Yuto Yamazaki, Paolo Mulatero, Hironobu Sasano, Michael Stowasser, Tetsuo Nishikawa, Fumitoshi Satoh, Martin Reincke
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sadayoshi Ito, Yasuyuki Okuda, Kotaro Sugimoto
Summary: This study examined factors associated with the antihypertensive effects of esaxerenone and the incidence of serum potassium elevation in patients with hypertension. Results showed that factors such as sex, weight, hypertension duration, prior antihypertensive treatment, plasma aldosterone concentration, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and smoking were associated with changes in blood pressure. Factors significantly associated with serum potassium elevation included baseline serum potassium, renal function, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, blood pressure, and hypertension grade. The study concluded that esaxerenone is effective for patients with various backgrounds, but careful management is needed for those at risk of elevated serum potassium.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xin Gao, Yuto Yamazaki, Yuta Tezuka, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Takashi Suzuki, Fumitoshi Satoh, Hironobu Sasano
Summary: Aldosterone plays crucial roles in regulating fluid volume and electrolyte metabolism. Excessive aldosterone actions can lead to tissue injuries and are associated with cardiovascular damages and kidney diseases, as well as imbalanced electrolyte metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease and pulmonary diseases.
TOHOKU JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hiromu Matsunaga, Yuta Tezuka, Tomo Kinoshita, Hiroko Ogata, Yuto Yamazaki, Beata Shiratori, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Masataka Kudo, Kazumasa Seiji, Kei Takase, Yoshihide Kawasaki, Akihiro Ito, Hironobu Sasano, Hideo Harigae, Fumitoshi Satoh
Summary: Surgical control of hypercortisolemia in patients with bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia based on computed tomography volumetry was successful, with a potential risk of perioperative exacerbation of inflammatory diseases in Cushing's syndrome patients. The use of computed tomography volumetry as a quantitative method was demonstrated in retrospective evaluation of historical cases.
TOHOKU JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
