Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jin Kyeong Choi, Charles E. Egwuagu
Summary: B lymphocytes play a central role in host immunity by orchestrating humoral immune responses and producing neutralizing antibodies. Recent recognition shows that B cells also help maintain peripheral tolerance and suppress autoimmune diseases, with rare populations of regulatory B cells producing anti-inflammatory cytokines. The newly discovered i35-Bregs can suppress autoimmune diseases by inducing infectious tolerance in conventional B cells.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jin Kyeong Choi, Cheng-Rong Yu, So Jin Bing, Yingyos Jittayasothorn, Mary J. Mattapallil, Minkyung Kang, Seung Bum Park, Hyun-Su Lee, Lijin Dong, Guangpu Shi, Rachel R. Caspi, Charles E. Egwuagu
Summary: Natural regulatory B-1a cells producing IL-27 (i27-Bregs) have been identified in the peritoneal cavity and human umbilical cord blood, accumulating in the CNS during neuroinflammation to confer protection against autoimmune diseases. i27-Breg immunotherapy ameliorated encephalomyelitis and uveitis through up-regulating inhibitory receptors, suppressing immune responses, and converting conventional B cells to secrete IL-10 and/or IL-35.Mutation of irf4 in B cells resulted in increased i27-Bregs with few i35-Bregs, while loss of irf8 led to an abundance of i35-Bregs but impaired generation of i27-Bregs, suggesting the role of IRF8/BATF and IRF4/BATF axis in regulating B cell differentiation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yongsheng Luo, Feifei Luo, Kuanxin Zhang, Shilei Wang, Haojie Zhang, Xianlei Yang, Wenjun Shang, Junxiang Wang, Zhigang Wang, Xinlu Pang, Yonghua Feng, Lei Liu, Hongchang Xie, Guiwen Feng, Jinfeng Li
Summary: Circulating IL-10(+) Breg levels are a more appropriate indicator for assessing resistance to AMR after kidney transplantation compared to Bregs. Kidney B cell and IL-10 infiltration, as well as high expression of CXCL13, were associated with AMR. Furthermore, circulating IL-10(+) Bregs remained elevated during the 90-day post-operation period, contributing to immune homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheng-Rong Yu, Manoj Kumar Yadav, Minkyung Kang, Yingyos Jittayasothorn, Lijin Dong, Charles E. Egwuagu
Summary: Interleukin-27 (IL-27) and Interleukin-35 (IL-35) have different roles in neuroinflammation and uveitis. IL-27 can suppress encephalomyelitis and autoimmune uveitis, while IL-35 may have a protective role in the retina by constitutive secretion to counteract persistent low-grade inflammation. Decreased expression of IL-35 leads to increased severity of uveitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Kirstin Jansen, Lacin Cevhertas, Siyuan Ma, Pattraporn Satitsuksanoa, Mubeccel Akdis, Willem van de Veen
Summary: B cells play a central role in the immune system by producing antibodies, and they also have the capacity to regulate immune responses through various mechanisms. Regulatory B cells suppress inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases, allergies, infections, transplants, and cancer, with key suppressive molecules like cytokines and cell membrane-bound molecules playing important roles. Regulatory B cells can be induced by different stimuli and play a role in altering inflammatory responses in various diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhengkang Luo, Sara Lundin, Mariela Mejia-Cordova, Imane Hassani, Martin Blixt, Daisy Hjelmqvist, Joey Lau, Daniel Espes, Per-Ola Carlsson, Stellan Sandler, Kailash Singh
Summary: Research has shown that the proportions of Breg cells and IL-35(+) Breg cells are lower in T1D patients. However, treatment with IL-35 can increase the proportions of Breg cells and IL-35(+) Breg cells, preventing the occurrence of hyperglycemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Savannah D. Neu, Bonnie N. Dittel
Summary: Regulatory B cell subsets need a more systematic and comprehensive identification strategy due to the variety of regulatory mechanisms. This review summarizes the discovery process and mechanism of action for well-defined regulatory B cell subsets.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Nahal Emami Fard, Maria Xiao, Roma Sehmi
Summary: Growing evidence suggests the critical role of ILC2 in allergic inflammatory conditions, and this review provides a comprehensive overview of a newly discovered regulatory subtype of ILC2. These ILC2 subsets, capable of producing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, hold potential significance for immune regulation and management of T2 inflammatory conditions.
Review
Immunology
Cristian Iperi, Anne Bordron, Maryvonne Dueymes, Jacques-Olivier Pers, Christophe Jamin
Summary: Cells have multiple pathways to fulfill their energetic needs, with the activation of metabolic pathways depending on various factors such as microenvironment, cell receptors, and co-activation molecules. The influence of the microenvironment and the expression of specific transcription factors play a crucial role in directing the energetic program and modulating the production of ATP molecules. The study underscores the significant impact of metabolic pathways on the control of B cell physiology, particularly in regulatory B cells, oncogenic progression, and autoimmune evolution.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Sudhir Gupta, Yesim Demirdag, Ankmalika Abha Gupta
Summary: CD4 T regulatory cells play crucial roles in peripheral tolerance and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases in both human and experimental models. Other regulatory lymphocytes, such as CD8 Tregs, Bregs, and T-FR cells, are also important players in these processes. Their phenotypic characteristics and mechanisms of immunoregulation are still evolving, emphasizing the complexity of interplay among various regulatory lymphocytes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yongtao Li, Xinjun Ren, Zhihui Zhang, Yanan Duan, Huan Li, Shuang Chen, Hui Shao, Xiaorong Li, Xiaomin Zhang
Summary: The overexpression of IL-10 in MSC-derived sEVs effectively ameliorates experimental autoimmune uveitis by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of T-cells. sEVs may serve as a potential novel therapy for autoimmune uveitis or other autoimmune diseases.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yajun Mu, Wei Xu, Jue Liu, Yingwei Wang, Jian Chen, Qing Zhou
Summary: It has been shown that MSCs treatment can significantly reduce the production of Th1 and Th17 cytokines during EAU, while increasing the production of Bregs cytokines, resulting in the inhibition of inflammation.
JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lihi Radomir, Matthias P. Kramer, Michal Perpinial, Nofar Schottlender, Stav Rabani, Keren David, Anna Wiener, Hadas Lewinsky, Shirly Becker-Herman, Rina Aharoni, Ron Milo, Claudia Mauri, Idit Shachar
Summary: Regulatory B (Breg) cells suppress excessive inflammation primary via the production of interleukin 10 (IL-10). Here the authors show that the function and homeostasis of mouse and human IL-10(+) Breg cells are negatively regulated by the cell surface receptor, SLAMF5, to impact experimental autoimmunity, thereby hinting SLAMF5 as a potential target for immunotherapy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Hematology
Silvia Gregori, Giada Amodio, Laura Passerini, Francesca Romana Santoni de Sio
Summary: This review highlights the role of IL-10-producing Tr1 cells in controlling autoimmune diseases and discusses possible approaches to restore their function and number. Studies have found reduced frequency and/or function of cell subsets involved in Tr1 cell induction in patients with autoimmunity, which may impact Tr1 cell frequency. IL-10 is a crucial cytokine involved in the induction and functions of Tr1 cells.
CURRENT OPINION IN HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Meenu Kalkal, Rubika Chauhan, Reva Sharan Thakur, Mrinalini Tiwari, Veena Pande, Jyoti Das
Summary: Regulatory B cells play a crucial role in immune protection during infection with malaria parasites by controlling inflammation and inhibiting parasite growth. Adoptive transfer of these cells can slow down parasite growth and enhance survival in infected animals.
Review
Immunology
Daniel Michaud, Colleen R. Steward, Bhalchandra Mirlekar, Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta
Summary: Tumorigenesis involves genetic mutations and changes in the microenvironment, with immune cells in tumors playing a role in promoting tumor growth. Recent studies have shed light on the mechanisms of how B cells regulate immune responses, with negative regulation potentially impacting anti-tumor immune function through cytokine production.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Minkyung Kang, Hyun-Su Lee, Jin Kyeong Choi, Cheng-Rong Yu, Charles E. Egwuagu
Summary: The lack of IRF4 in T cells confers resistance to experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) by inhibiting pathogenic responses of Th17 cells and inducing expansion of regulatory lymphocytes that secrete IL-10 and/or IL-35. CD4-IRF4KO T cells show alterations in cell metabolism and defects in the expression of Ikaros zinc-finger transcription factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Xuefen Li, Xia Liu, Weilin Wang
Summary: IL-35, a newly discovered cytokine, plays a crucial role in the progression of chronic HBV infection, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting immune cell activity to regulate immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Diego Catalan, Miguel Andres Mansilla, Ashley Ferrier, Lilian Soto, Kristine Oleinika, Juan Carlos Aguillon, Octavio Aravena
Summary: Regulatory B cells play a crucial role in maintaining immune tolerance and preventing exacerbated inflammatory responses. In addition to IL-10, other molecules such as IL-35, TGF-beta, and cell surface proteins like CD1d and PD-L1 are utilized by Bregs to regulate immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Oluropo A. Apalowo, Adedapo O. Adediji, Olusegun S. Balogun, Temitope I. Fakolujo, Joy M. Archibong, Nkechi B. Izuogu, Mohamed A. Abdelgawad, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Suleiman Mustapha, Fadi S. I. Qashqari, Gaber E. Batiha, Gabriel I. Atiri
Summary: This study describes the population structure of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in Nigeria, revealing high genetic diversity and putative novel strains within the population. Recombination signals were detected within the CMV genome, and the Nigerian population showed higher diversity compared to isolates from other regions. Furthermore, this study highlights the prevalence of CMV subgroup IB strains across different hosts in Nigeria.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tian Zhou, Chang He, Peilong Lai, Ziqi Yang, Yan Liu, Huiyi Xu, Xiaojing Lin, Biyan Ni, Rong Ju, Wei Yi, Lingyi Liang, Duanqing Pei, Charles E. Egwuagu, Xialin Liu
Summary: Exosomes from mesenchymal stromal cells administered as eye drops alleviate graft-versus-host disease-associated dry eye disease by suppressing inflammation and improving epithelial recovery. The study highlights the potential of miR-204 as a therapeutic agent.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Beatriz G. Galvez, Clara Martinez-Perez, Cesar Villa-Collar, Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina, Miguel Angel Sanchez-Tena
Summary: This study used citation networks to analyze the relationship between different publications on the impact of cytokines at an ocular level and their authors. The main research areas were identified and the most cited publications were determined.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheng-Rong Yu, Manoj Kumar Yadav, Minkyung Kang, Yingyos Jittayasothorn, Lijin Dong, Charles E. Egwuagu
Summary: Interleukin-27 (IL-27) and Interleukin-35 (IL-35) have different roles in neuroinflammation and uveitis. IL-27 can suppress encephalomyelitis and autoimmune uveitis, while IL-35 may have a protective role in the retina by constitutive secretion to counteract persistent low-grade inflammation. Decreased expression of IL-35 leads to increased severity of uveitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Can Lu, Xiaopeng Zhang, Yang Luo, Jingang Huang, Minhao Yu
Summary: This study identified CXCL10 and CXCL11 as candidate genes involved in the tumorigenesis of CAC and potential therapeutic targets to prevent the development of CAC from UC.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shiheng Lu, Hui Wang, Jian Zhang
Summary: In this study, advanced machine learning methods were used to identify key functions and biological processes related to uveitis, providing a theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhengrong Jiang, Linghong Huang, Lijun Chen, Jingxiong Zhou, Bo Liang, Xuefeng Bai, Lizhen Wu, Huibin Huang
Summary: This study identified 366 significantly differentially expressed circular RNAs in Graves' disease patients compared to healthy controls, and found that the elevation of hsa_circ_0090364 is positively correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies in Graves' disease patients. Further analysis suggested that hsa_circ_0090364 may regulate the JAK-STAT pathway via the hsa-miR-378a-3p/IL-6ST/IL21R axis to promote cell growth.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Diaoyi Tan, Wei Yin, Fei Guan, Wanjiang Zeng, Pamela Lee, Fabio Candotti, Louisa K. James, Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara, S. M. Mansour Haeryfar, Yan Chen, Kamel Benlagha, Lewis Zhichang Shi, Jiahui Lei, Quan Gong, Zheng Liu, Chaohong Liu
Summary: In this article, the authors summarize the regulatory relationship between B cells and T cells, mainly focusing on T follicular regulatory cells and regulatory B cells. They introduce a new subset of regulatory T cells induced by B cells, and discuss the role of B cells in ensuring the survival of regulatory T cells. This review provides an updated overview of immunoregulatory networks and identifies potential targets for therapeutic interventions against cancer, autoimmune diseases, and allograft rejection.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Breann Green, Travis W. Ford, Heather Goldsborrough, Mohamed Abdelmotalab, Andrew G. Ristvey, Deborah G. Sauder, Victoria V. Volkis
Summary: Antioxidants are crucial for defending cells from damage, and Aronia mitschurinii, a fruit with high levels of antioxidants, can be effectively extracted using resin technology for various applications, showcasing the importance of this research in the food industry.
Article
Immunology
Minkyung Kang, Manoj Kumar Yadav, Evaristus C. Mbanefo, Cheng-Rong Yu, Charles E. Egwuagu
Summary: IL-27 is a heterodimeric cytokine that can have proinflammatory or immune suppressive effects. This study identified a new population of B cells that produce IL-27 and suppress neuroinflammation by secreting IL-27-containing exosomes. These findings suggest that exosomes could be a promising therapeutic approach for CNS autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Qian Zhang, Fangyan Liu, Meng Zeng, Jinping Zhang, Yanfei Liu, Caiyan Xin, Yingyu Mao, Zhangyong Song
Summary: The study found that SNH may be a promising antifungal agent for the treatment of A. fumigatus infection, with significant anti-fungal activity. It interfered with the fungal cell steroid synthesis pathway and inhibited ergosterol synthesis.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)