Article
Environmental Sciences
Anqi Wang, Xiaoning Xie, Xiaodong Liu, Zhengguo Shi
Summary: The direct radiative effect of west Asian dust aerosols has both fast and slow responses on the Indian summer monsoon. The fast response enhances monsoon in the early season, while the slow response weakens it in the late season. The ocean feedback plays an important role in modulating the cross-seasonal climate effect of dust aerosols.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qinjian Jin, Jiangfeng Wei, William K. M. Lau, Bing Pu, Chien Wang
Summary: The Indian summer monsoon is crucial for providing the majority of annual rainfall to the Indian subcontinent and affecting over a quarter of the world's population. Asia is also a significant source of dust, and the interactions between dust and the monsoon are increasingly studied. Dust particles can modulate monsoon circulation and precipitation, while the monsoon can in turn influence dust emissions and deposition.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sreyashi Debnath, Gaurav Govardhan, Subodh Kumar Saha, Anupam Hazra, Samir Pohkrel, Chinmay Jena, Rajesh Kumar, Sachin D. Ghude
Summary: This study investigates the impact of reduced dust emissions on the intensity of monsoon rainfall over the Indian region. The results show that the reduction in dust emissions significantly alters the spatial distribution of rainfall, with increased rainfall over the Bay of Bengal and eastern coastal regions, and decreased rainfall over the Indo-Gangetic Plain and parts of Central India.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tirthankar Banerjee, Avinash Anchule, Meytar Sorek-Hamer, Mohd T. Latif
Summary: This study analyzed vertically resolved aerosol optical properties retrieved from the CALIOP instrument onboard the CALIPSO satellite over several cities in South Asia from March 2010 to February 2021. The study identified different aerosol stratification and dominant aerosol sub-types in each city, with seasonal variations. It also found contrasting patterns in aerosol vertical distribution between cities in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and non-IGP cities, depending on the geographic location. Overall, the study observed a decrease in total extinction with increasing altitude and the intrusion of transported aerosols at higher altitudes. Smoke aerosols, urban aerosols/polluted dust, and mineral dust were found to contribute significantly to aerosol extinction below 3 km, while dust and urban aerosols dominated at higher altitudes. The study also highlighted the seasonal variation in aerosol distribution and the influence of planetary boundary layer (PBL) on aerosol partitioning.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jie Liu, Jianli Ding, Mayila Rexiding, Xiaohang Li, Junyong Zhang, Si Ran, Qingling Bao, Xiangyu Ge
Summary: This study investigates the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of long-term dust aerosols in Xinjiang, China, showing that the distribution of dust aerosols varies between South and North Xinjiang, with higher average dust aerosol optical depth in spring. Natural dust sources are primarily located in dried-up lakes, while anthropogenic dust sources are mainly in farmland areas.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chenwei Fang, Jim M. Haywood, Ju Liang, Ben T. Johnson, Ying Chen, Bin Zhu
Summary: Using the UK Earth System Model version 1 (UKESM1), this study finds that reductions in carbonaceous aerosol and SO2 emissions can significantly impact the South Asian summer monsoon and East Asian summer monsoon, leading to changes in the large-scale circulation over Asia. Reductions in carbonaceous aerosols extend and intensify the summer rainy season in South Asia and East Asia, while reductions in SO2 result in a shorter and weaker rainy season. Overall, decreasing both types of aerosol emissions enhances monsoon precipitation and 850 hPa circulation.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shraddha Gupta, Zhen Su, Niklas Boers, Juergen Kurths, Norbert Marwan, Florian Pappenberger
Summary: A deeper understanding of the relationship between the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is important for improving subseasonal forecasting of extreme precipitation events. Using a complex network approach, two dominant synchronization pathways and associated atmospheric circulation patterns between ISM and EASM are identified. Additionally, certain phases of the Madden-Julian oscillation and the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation are found to influence the synchronization of extreme rainfall events between ISM and EASM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sarah M. McGrath, Steven C. Clemens, Yongsong Huang, Masanobu Yamamoto
Summary: The orbital-scale monsoon variability in India is not a direct response to northern hemisphere summer insolation, but rather reflects changes in moisture source and transport paths associated with changes in greenhouse gases and ice volume. The responses of Indian and East Asian monsoon systems at orbital scale are uncoupled and are driven by different forcings.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lucy G. Recchia, Valerio Lucarini
Summary: The South Asian and East Asian summer monsoons are globally significant meteorological features. Future changes in concentrations of aerosols and greenhouse gases may impact monsoonal precipitation, with the most significant decrease observed in eastern China and least impact on precipitation in southern India.
EARTH SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sreyashi Debnath, Chinmay Jena, Sachin D. Ghude, Rajesh Kumar, Gaurav Govardhan, Preeti Gunwani, Subodh Kumar Saha, Anupam Hazra, Samir Pokhrel
Summary: The study demonstrates that the chemistry in the Indian subcontinent affects the spatial distribution and simulation results of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall. Inclusion of chemistry in the model can decrease the average rainfall, reduce the bias between simulated and actual rainfall data, as well as impact convective rainfall and cloud microphysics.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaowei Hong, Riyu Lu, Shuanglin Li
Summary: The study shows a significant interannual relationship between the meridional displacements of the upper-tropospheric westerly jet streams over West Asia and East Asia. The Silk Road pattern and precipitation anomalies in the tropical region are important factors affecting this relationship. Enhanced or suppressed tropical precipitation can induce a northward or southward displacement of the jet stream, contributing to the in-phase relationship between West Asia and East Asia.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Xiaoxun Xie, Xiaodong Liu
Summary: Water vapor is the material basis of precipitation and understanding its sources is crucial for comprehending regional precipitation changes. This study used a climate model to explore the contributions of terrestrial and oceanic moisture sources to precipitation changes in the northern East Asian monsoon region. The results showed that land and Pacific Ocean were the primary sources, with land contributing 57.6% and Pacific Ocean contributing 20.9%. The orbital-scale changes in precipitation were dominated by a significant 23-kyr cycle and a weak 100-kyr cycle, which were influenced by variations in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation and global ice volume.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Na Qian, Edward A. A. Boyle, Liping Zhou, Jani Tanzil, Qinqin Chen, Shuo Zhang, Mengli Chen
Summary: Since the phase-out of leaded gasoline in North America and European countries, Asia has become the main source of lead pollution to the marine environment, primarily from coal burning and industrial activities. This study investigates the anthropogenic lead in the Indian Ocean by analyzing coral skeletal records and sedimentary data, revealing spatial and temporal variability in lead pollution. The results show the influence of boundary exchange processes in determining the lead isotope compositions in seawater and coral records, as well as the decreasing trends in Southeast Asia and increasing trends in South Asia.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Anqi Wang, Xiaoning Xie, Xiaodong Liu, Zhi-Yong Yin
Summary: The direct radiative effect (DRE) of dust aerosols on the West African and East Asian monsoons was analyzed using the CAM4 model. The results showed that the DREs on the West African and East Asian monsoons were more significant when the ocean-atmosphere coupling was considered, leading to the strengthening of the West African monsoon and weakening of the East Asian monsoon.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sergio Rodriguez, Jessica Lopez-Darias
Summary: The investigation into tropical PMx aerosols in Santo Antao and Sao Vicente islands revealed the impact of local sources and meteorological conditions on aerosol vertical distribution, as well as the variations in PMx concentrations from different sources.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kate Marvel, Robert Pincus, Gavin A. Schmidt, Ron L. Miller
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Susanne E. Bauer, Kostas Tsigaridis, Greg Faluvegi, Maxwell Kelley, Ken K. Lo, Ron L. Miller, Larissa Nazarenko, Gavin A. Schmidt, Jingbo Wu
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Maxwell Kelley, Gavin A. Schmidt, Larissa S. Nazarenko, Susanne E. Bauer, Reto Ruedy, Gary L. Russell, Andrew S. Ackerman, Igor Aleinov, Michael Bauer, Rainer Bleck, Vittorio Canuto, Gregory Cesana, Ye Cheng, Thomas L. Clune, Ben Cook, Carlos A. Cruz, Anthony D. Del Genio, Gregory S. Elsaesser, Greg Faluvegi, Nancy Y. Kiang, Daehyun Kim, Andrew A. Lacis, Anthony Leboissetier, Allegra N. LeGrande, Ken K. Lo, John Marshall, Elaine E. Matthews, Sonali McDermid, Keren Mezuman, Ron L. Miller, Lee T. Murray, Valdar Oinas, Clara Orbe, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Jan P. Perlwitz, Michael J. Puma, David Rind, Anastasia Romanou, Drew T. Shindell, Shan Sun, Nick Tausnev, Kostas Tsigaridis, George Tselioudis, Ensheng Weng, Jingbo Wu, Mao-Sung Yao
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ron L. Miller, Gavin A. Schmidt, Larissa S. Nazarenko, Susanne E. Bauer, Maxwell Kelley, Reto Ruedy, Gary L. Russell, Andrew S. Ackerman, Igor Aleinov, Michael Bauer, Rainer Bleck, Vittorio Canuto, Gregory Cesana, Ye Cheng, Thomas L. Clune, Ben I. Cook, Carlos A. Cruz, Anthony D. Del Genio, Gregory S. Elsaesser, Greg Faluvegi, Nancy Y. Kiang, Daehyun Kim, Andrew A. Lacis, Anthony Leboissetier, Allegra N. LeGrande, Ken K. Lo, John Marshall, Elaine E. Matthews, Sonali McDermid, Keren Mezuman, Lee T. Murray, Valdar Oinas, Clara Orbe, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Jan P. Perlwitz, Michael J. Puma, David Rind, Anastasia Romanou, Drew T. Shindell, Shan Sun, Nick Tausnev, Kostas Tsigaridis, George Tselioudis, Ensheng Weng, Jingbo Wu, Mao-Sung Yao
Summary: The study investigates the climate simulations using different configurations of the NASA GISS Earth System ModelE2.1 during the historical period from 1850 to 2014. The findings suggest that GISS-E2.1 ensembles are more sensitive to greenhouse gas forcing than their CMIP5 predecessors, but show less warming in recent decades due to greater longwave opacity in the pre-industrial simulations. The research highlights the importance of base climatology in understanding climate forcing and trends.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Larissa S. Nazarenko, Nick Tausnev, Gary L. Russell, David Rind, Ron L. Miller, Gavin A. Schmidt, Susanne E. Bauer, Maxwell Kelley, Reto Ruedy, Andrew S. Ackerman, Igor Aleinov, Michael Bauer, Rainer Bleck, Vittorio Canuto, Gregory Cesana, Ye Cheng, Thomas L. Clune, Ben I. Cook, Carlos A. Cruz, Anthony D. Del Genio, Gregory S. Elsaesser, Greg Faluvegi, Nancy Y. Kiang, Daehyun Kim, Andrew A. Lacis, Anthony Leboissetier, Allegra N. LeGrande, Ken K. Lo, John Marshall, Elaine E. Matthews, Sonali McDermid, Keren Mezuman, Lee T. Murray, Valdar Oinas, Clara Orbe, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Jan P. Perlwitz, Michael J. Puma, Anastasia Romanou, Drew T. Shindell, Shan Sun, Kostas Tsigaridis, George Tselioudis, Ensheng Weng, Jingbo Wu, Mao-Sung Yao
Summary: This paper presents the response of the GISS-E2.1 climate models to anthropogenic forcing in the 21st century Shared Socioeconomic Pathways emission scenarios. The study finds that global mean warming ranges from 1.5 degrees C to 5.2 degrees C by the year 2100, depending on the emission scenario. Changes in surface air temperature, precipitation, sea ice area, and Atlantic overturning stream function are also observed.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Susanne E. Bauer, Kostas Tsigaridis, Greg Faluvegi, Larissa Nazarenko, Ron L. Miller, Maxwell Kelley, Gavin Schmidt
Summary: During the CMIP6 historical period, aerosols have been the largest negative forcing and played a crucial role in counterbalancing the warming effect of greenhouse gases. However, aerosol forcing has been decreasing globally since the beginning of the 21st century, augmenting global warming.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Madeline C. Casas, Gavin A. Schmidt, Ron. L. Miller, Clara Orbe, Kostas Tsigaridis, Larissa S. Nazarenko, Susanne E. Bauer, Drew T. Shindell
Summary: In this study, we analyze the representation of satellite-retrieved atmospheric temperature diagnostics in historical simulations of climate change during the satellite era. We consider multiple factors such as greenhouse gases, ocean coupling, volcanic aerosols, solar activity, and compositional and dynamic feedbacks. We find that while overall temperature trends are well captured, discrepancies exist at all levels and have multiple causes, with ozone depletion and feedbacks being the most influential factor for stratospheric comparisons and ocean heat uptake and tropospheric aerosols playing a role in tropospheric skill.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Economics
Jianglong Li, Shiqiang Sun, Disha Sharma, Mun Sing Ho, Hongxun Liu
Summary: Addressing the challenge of climate change requires understanding the global scale mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study analyzes economic interdependencies and associated emission activities to identify drivers of global GHG emissions from 2009 to 2019. The decrease in GHG emission intensity and the role of spillover in the context of global trade are highlighted. The study emphasizes the importance of global cooperation and questions jurisdiction-based GHG mitigation policies.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Martina Klose, Oriol Jorba, Maria Goncalves Ageitos, Jeronimo Escribano, Matthew L. Dawson, Vincenzo Obiso, Enza Di Tomaso, Sara Basart, Gilbert Montane Pinto, Francesca Macchia, Paul Ginoux, Juan Guerschman, Catherine Prigent, Yue Huang, Jasper F. Kok, Ron L. Miller, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando
Summary: In this study, the dust module in the MONARCH model was upgraded with a focus on dust emission, lower boundary conditions, and dust-radiation interactions. Different parameterizations were used to model the global dust cycle, and the simulations were evaluated against observational data. Key dust parameters and their effects on radiative forcing were determined, showing important differences between different configurations.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jasper F. Kok, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Samuel Albani, Yves Balkanski, Ramiro Checa-Garcia, Mian Chin, Peter R. Colarco, Douglas S. Hamilton, Yue Huang, Akinori Ito, Martina Klose, Danny M. Leung, Longlei Li, Natalie M. Mahowald, Ron L. Miller, Vincenzo Obiso, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Adriana Rocha-Lima, Jessica S. Wan, Chloe A. Whicker
Summary: The researchers developed a new methodology using inverse modeling to improve the representation of the global dust cycle, finding that the emission flux of dust is greater than many models account for. Their results show the need for more accurate datasets to quantify the impact of dust on the Earth system.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jasper F. Kok, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Samuel Albani, Yves Balkanski, Ramiro Checa-Garcia, Mian Chin, Peter R. Colarco, Douglas S. Hamilton, Yue Huang, Akinori Ito, Martina Klose, Longlei Li, Natalie M. Mahowald, Ron L. Miller, Vincenzo Obiso, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Adriana Rocha-Lima, Jessica S. Wan
Summary: This study constrained the relative contributions of major dust source regions to the global dust cycle, finding that North African and Asian regions are the main contributors, and dust loading peaks in local spring and summer. The data obtained in this paper can be used to improve constraints on dust impacts on clouds, climate, biogeochemical cycles, and other parts of the Earth system.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Aerospace
Robert O. Green, Natalie Mahowald, Charlene Ung, David R. Thompson, Lori Bator, Matthew Bennet, Michael Bernas, Natalie Blackway, Christine Bradley, Jeff Cha, Pamela Clark, Roger Clark, Deborah Cloud, Ernesto Diaz, Eyal Ben Dor, Riley Duren, Michael Eastwood, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Lisa Fuentes, Paul Ginoux, Johannes Gross, Yutao He, Olga Kalashnikova, William Kert, Didier Keymeulen, Matt Klimesh, Daniel Ku, Helenann Kwong-Fu, Elliott Liggett, Longlie Li, Sarah Lundeen, Maciej D. Makowski, Alan Mazer, Ron Miller, Pantazis Mouroulis, Bogdan Oaida, Greg S. Okin, Alberto Ortega, Amalaye Oyake, Hung Nguyen, Theresa Pace, Thomas H. Painter, Jack Pempejian, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Thang Pham, Benjamin Phillips, Randy Pollock, Richard Purcell, Vincent Realmuto, Josh Schoolcraft, Amit Sen, Simon Shin, Lucas Shaw, Manny Soriano, Gregg Swayze, Erik Thingvold, Afsheen Vaid, Jason Zan
2020 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE (AEROCONF 2020)
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christopher J. Smith, Ryan J. Kramer, Gunnar Myhre, Kari Alterskjaer, William Collins, Adriana Sima, Olivier Boucher, Jean-Louis Dufresne, Pierre Nabat, Martine Michou, Seiji Yukimoto, Jason Cole, David Paynter, Hideo Shiogama, Fiona M. O'Connor, Eddy Robertson, Andy Wiltshire, Timothy Andrews, Cecile Hannay, Ron Miller, Larissa Nazarenko, Alf Kirkevag, Dirk Olivie, Stephanie Fiedler, Anna Lewinschal, Chloe Mackallah, Martin Dix, Robert Pincus, Piers M. Forster
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Stephanie A. P. Blake, Sophie C. Lewis, Allegra N. LeGrande, Ron L. Miller
CLIMATE OF THE PAST
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Longlei Li, Natalie M. Mahowald, Ron L. Miller, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Martina Klose, Douglas S. Hamilton, Maria Goncalves Ageitos, Paul Ginoux, Yves Balkanski, Robert O. Green, Olga Kalashnikova, Jasper F. Kok, Vincenzo Obiso, David Paynter, David R. Thompson
Summary: The large uncertainty in the mineral dust direct radiative effect is hindered by the uncertainties in surface soil mineralogical content. Shortwave DRE responds region-specifically depending on mineral speciation and surface albedo. Iron oxides play a disproportionately large impact on climate compared to their small fractional burden in the atmosphere.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)