Post-surgical depressive symptoms and long-term survival in non-metastatic breast cancer patients at 11-year follow-up

Background: Mild to moderate depressive symptoms are common during treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer. The goal of this secondary analysis was to determine if depressive symptoms predict clinical outcomes at long-term follow-up. Methods: From 1998 to 2005, we interviewed 231 women with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression who were participating in a psychosocial study 2-10 weeks post-surgery for non-metastatic breast cancer (Stage 0-IIIb). We conducted Kaplan Meier (K-M) curves and Cox proportional hazards (PH) models to examine associations between depressive symptoms, overall survival, and disease-free survival at 8-15-year follow-up. Results: A total of 95 women (41.1%) scored in themild-moderately depressed range. Non-depressed women had longer overall survival (M = 13.56 years; SE = 0.26) than those in the mild/moderate depressed group (M = 11.45 years; SE = 0.40), Log-rank chi(2)(1) = 4.41, p = 0.036. Cox PH models, adjusting for covariates, showed comparable results: mild/moderate depressive symptoms hazard ratio = 2.56, [95% CI, 1.11 to 5.91], p = 0.027. Similar results were observed in a subsample with invasive disease (n = 191). Depression category did not predict disease-free survival in the overall or invasive sample. Conclusions: Screening and referrals for treatment of depressive symptoms, even at subclinical levels, is important early in treatment. A randomized trial is warranted to determine effects of depressive symptoms on clinical outcomes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.