Article
Energy & Fuels
Duarte Magalhaes, Feyza Kazanc
Summary: The study found that co-combustion of thermally pre-treated biomass and coal led to a significant reduction in PM2.5 emissions, approaching levels of biomass fuel, and the mechanisms for PM formation during combustion were found applicable to biomass-coal blends. The shift from fine to coarser particles during co-firing is likely to enable the capture of PM from biomass-coal co-firing by conventional coal-PM traps in existing coal power plants.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hassan Mohanna, Jean-Michel Commandre, Bruno Piriou, Benoit Taupin, Gilles Vaitilingom, David Honore
Summary: Experimental combustion and numerical modeling of raw and torrefied pine and demolition wood particles were conducted to determine the kinetics of devolatilization and oxidation. Different scenarios tested showed minor variations in devolatilization activation energy but significant differences in char oxidation activation energy. The influence of particle volume evolution and drag force models on the derived kinetic parameters were examined, revealing noticeable differences in particle temperature and other properties along the reactor axis.
Article
Energy & Fuels
D. A. Mortari, D. Perondi, G. B. Rossi, J. L. Bonato, M. Godinho, F. M. Pereira
Summary: Water leaching pretreatment effectively removes water-soluble inorganic constituents from RGP and significantly impacts the combustion efficiency of WLGP chars, leading to lower burnout efficiency and increased gas emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaoyu Zhang, Yuzhong Li, Lu Wang, Zhuping Zhang, Yong Dong
Summary: This study found that adding an appropriate amount of biomass to pulverized coal can effectively inhibit the production of coal-fired condensable particulate matter. Cornstalk showed the most significant inhibitory effect on CPM, with an addition ratio of around 30%. Additionally, adding cornstalk was also found to decrease the content of certain components in CPM and efficiently reduce the amount of aromatic compounds, the substances with the highest toxicity levels in CPM, at an approximate addition ratio of 30%.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Asma Ashraf, Hamed Sattar, Shahid Munir
Summary: The study showed that blending coal with agricultural residues can reduce NOx and SO2 emissions, while improving carbon burnout. Addition of different agricultural residues significantly decreased NOx emissions. Co-firing had a positive impact on reducing SO2 emissions, but there may be a risk of sulfur emissions in blends of agricultural residues with coal.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alain Brillard, Patrick Gilot, Jean-Francois Brilhac, Valerie Tschamber
Summary: This study presents a simple model for simulating combustion processes in a drop tube furnace, which is much simpler than other available models. The model assumes that a coal char particle remains spherical during combustion and is based on two differential equations describing the evolution of particle temperature and oxygen concentration with respect to time. This model also provides access to local quantities to characterize the combustion process, and its validity is demonstrated through comparisons with experimental data.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Wu Yang, Deepak Pudasainee, Rajender Gupta, Wei Li, Ben Wang, Lushi Sun
Summary: This paper systematically reviews the PM sampling and measurement methods, formation mechanisms, distribution, inorganic composition and the factors influencing PM emission during combustion of coal/biomass/MSW. Coarse particle emissions from coal combustion are generally higher than those from biomass, while ultrafine and fine particle emissions from biomass combustion are higher than those from coal. Particle emissions are related to various influencing factors such as solid fuel particle size, inherent ash content, mineral properties, binding form of inorganic elements, combustion parameters, and ash chemical composition.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jingkun Han, Dunxi Yu, Jianqun Wu, Xin Yu, Fangqi Liu, Minghou Xu
Summary: Torrefaction is a promising technology for biomass utilization, but its effects on ash-related issues during combustion and co-combustion are seldom concerned. In this study, the authors conducted experiments to investigate the particulate matter (PM) emission during combustion of torrefied biomass. The results showed that torrefaction effectively reduced the release of sulfur and chlorine, and promoted the transformation of alkaline and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) into less-reactive forms, leading to a reduction in PM1 emission.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xuecheng Tang, Qian Liu, Wenqi Zhong, Tao Wang
Summary: The combination of biomass and oxy-fuel combustion technology is regarded as a key technology for eliminating atmospheric emissions and achieving long-term decarbonization. However, problems such as ash deposition and corrosion caused by alkali metals in biomass have hindered its development. This study analyzed the deposits during biomass oxy-fuel combustion to understand the effects of different factors on ash deposition. It was found that coarse-grained fuels produced more complete inner layer of deposits, while fine-grained fuels increased the mass of deposits. Combustion temperatures below 800°C and higher oxygen fraction showed positive effects on reducing ash deposition.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Changya Deng, Sui Boon Liaw, Hongwei Wu
Summary: This study analyzed the emission characteristics of leaf and wood biochar pyrolysis at 1300 degrees C in argon atmosphere, finding that the char yield and element retention were influenced by the chlorine content.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bo Wang, Jingchun Huang, Zhenqi Wang, Di Xie, Yu Qiao
Summary: During the combustion of biomass, the alkali metal released reacts with the reactor tube, affecting the emission of PM10. This study investigates the interactions between potassium vapor and different reactor tubes and their impacts on PM10 emission. The results show that the use of corundum and mullite tubes can significantly decrease PM1 yields and fine mode peaks in PM10 during biomass combustion.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fei Xie, Runmin Wu, Juntao Wei, Xudong Song, Meiyu Shi, Yonghui Bai, Jinyun Li, Weiguang Su, Guangsuo Yu
Summary: This study investigates the combustion process of single coal particles in an O2/CO2 atmosphere using spectral diagnostics technology. The results show that the flame temperature and alkali metal spectral intensity change with reaction time and oxygen fraction. The spectroscopic results also demonstrate that alkali metal atomic emission spectroscopy can be used to characterize the flame temperature.
Article
Thermodynamics
Prashik Manwatkar, Lekha Dhote, Ram Avtar Pandey, Anirban Middey, Sunil Kumar
Summary: The study investigated the co-combustion of coal with distillery sludge waste (DSW) in a laboratory-scale Drop Tube Furnace (DTF) plant. Preliminary testing methods were used to examine the feasibility of combustion and identify burnout efficiency, emitted pollutants, and metal constituents in the ash. The study showed a high degree of correlation between gaseous emissions, combustion efficiency, and the optimal sludge proportion in the DTF under given combustion conditions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kai Wang, Jianliang Zhang, Shengli Wu, Jianlong Wu, Kun Xu, Jiawen Liu, Xiaojun Ning, Guangwei Wang
Summary: In this paper, the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method was used to upgrade biomass for blast furnace injection. The hydrochar prepared through HTC treatment showed high fixed carbon and low ash and alkali metal content. It also exhibited good grindability and combustion performance, meeting the requirements for blast furnace injection.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wei Cheng, Youjian Zhu, Jing'ai Shao, Wennan Zhang, Guihao Wu, Hao Jiang, Junhao Hu, Zhen Huang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: A new phosphoric acid modification method was proposed to improve the reduction efficiency of PM0.2 by kaolin additive in agricultural biomass pellet combustion, significantly reducing PM0.2 emissions. The modification destroyed the internal structure of kaolin and increased its pore structure, leading to better alkali capture ability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Driss Laraqui, Gontrand Leyssens, Cornelius Schonnenbeck, Olivier Allgaier, Ricardo Lomba, Clement Dumand, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gwenaelle Trouve, Alain Brillard, Pavel Maryandyshev, Damaris Kehrli, Marat Eseev, Viktor Lyubov, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: Torrefaction of hydrolysis lignin samples at different isothermal temperatures and residence times resulted in increased carbon content, higher heating values, and elevated potassium percentage in the torrefied samples. The structural changes in the material became chaotic with increasing isothermal temperature and residence time.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Theophile Vitoussia, Gontrand Leyssens, Gwenaelle Trouve, Alain Brillard, Alexis Kemajou, Ebenezer Njeugna, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
A. Bounaceur, L. P. Gautherot, V. Tschamber, G. Trouve, C. Schoennenbeck, A. I. Kangash, P. A. Maryandyshev
SOLID FUEL CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
G. Trouve, C. Ngo, W. Almouallem, C. Joyeux, S. Dorge, J. Michel, D. Le Nouen
Summary: A liquid/liquid extraction method coupled with GC/MS analysis was optimized to quantify 27 polycyclic aromatic compounds in groundwater from contaminated sites. The method includes two main steps: liquid/liquid extraction with dichloromethane followed by a concentration procedure, and injection for separation and quantification in a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. The introduction of deuterated standards allows for control of each step and estimation of recoveries during the extraction process, leading to very good quantification limits.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Guillaume Moser, Cornelius Schonnenbeck, Valerie Tschamber, Alain Brillard, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: This study investigated the use of magnesium powder as a metal fuel for energy production through slow oxidation. Experimental results showed that particle size has an influence on the oxidation process, and a three-step kinetic model involving heat transfers was proposed to describe the slow oxidation of magnesium.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Theophile Vitoussia, Alain Brillard, Justin Bertsch, Olivier Allgaier, Gontrand Leyssens, Cornelius Schoennenbeck, Ebenezer Njeugna, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: In Sub-Saharan countries, an improved pellet cookstove was designed to improve cooking behavior and reduce deforestation. Tests showed low pollutant emissions and high efficiency of the cookstove, making it a promising solution for sustainable cooking in the region.
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nada Baraket, Benoit Brandelet, Gwenaelle Trouve, Yann Rogaume
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature on the behavior of PCDD/Fs stored in biomass ashes from a wood boiler. The results from the different experiments showed significant differences in the PCDD/Fs content.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Adeline Andrieu, Olivier Allgaier, Gontrand Leyssens, Cornelius Schonnenbeck, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: This study analyzes the amount of NOx emissions produced during the combustion of magnesium fuel and finds that the emissions follow a bell-shaped curve in relation to the air-fuel ratio. Based on the experimental results, a comprehensive scheme for NOx formation is proposed, consisting of four successive steps.
Article
Mechanics
Tomasz Wronski, Cornelius Schonnenbeck, Nabila Zouaoui-Mahzoul, Alain Brillard, Jean-Francois Brilhac
Summary: The study focuses on modelling a cold and swirling airflow in a magnesium burner, and the existence of a significant recirculation zone in the burner is confirmed. The correct simulation of the cold flow and the creation of a recirculation zone are crucial in accurately predicting the high flame temperature and the turbulent mixture of solid fuel and products. Experimental measurements validate the simulation results, with the standard k-epsilon model proving to accurately predict velocity profiles in low swirl cases and the RSM model proving to accurately predict the position, size, and shape of the central recirculation zone in high swirl cases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS B-FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
W. Almouallem, J. Michel, S. Dorge, C. Joyeux, G. Trouve, D. Le Nouen
Summary: This study evaluated the sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives in soils, finding that the sorption of O-PAHs to soil-water interface is low, which may result in larger groundwater contamination.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Adeline Andrieu, Olivier Allgaier, Gontrand Leyssens, Cornelius Schonnenbeck, Jean-Francois Brilhac, Alain Brillard, Valerie Tschamber
Summary: Due to global warming, new sources of clean energy with reduced greenhouse gas emissions must be considered. Among these alternatives, metal fuels like aluminum or magnesium show promise. In this study, the focus is on the effects of air dilution by N2 and equivalence ratio on the production of nitrogen oxides (NOx) by a swirled-stabilized magnesium flame. Results show that the amount of NOx increases with increasing air-fuel ratio, but decreases with higher levels of dilution. The emissions of NOx become negligible at a 50% dilution and an equivalence ratio of 1.
Article
Crystallography
Gwenaelle Trouve, Laure Michelin, Damaris Kehrli, Ludovic Josien, Severinne Rigolet, Benedicte Lebeau, Reto Giere
Summary: Calcium oxalate phytoliths are a common form of Ca speciation in plants and store a significant amount of carbon. The study investigated the composition of phytoliths in different parts of grapevines using various analytical techniques. The thermal treatment of biomass samples at 250°C increased the amount of Ca phytoliths but also affected the appearance of Ca oxalate crystals.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
M. Zgheib, G. Quaranta, V. Tschamber, G. Trouve
Summary: The study aims to assess and compare the environmental and health effects of the wood energy sector at domestic and regional scales. The combustion stage of pellets contributes 67% to the total impact. At the regional scale, old appliances mainly enhance all impacts. Public policies should continue to promote the replacement of old household appliances.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Guillaume Schmidt, Gwenaelle Trouve, Gontrand Leyssens, Cornelius Schonnenbeck, Alain Brillard, Mohammad Ebrahim Olya, Dorothee Dewaele, Fabrice Cazier
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.