Article
Mechanics
Thairon Reis, Allan Patrick Cordeiro Dias, Auteliano Antunes Santos
Summary: This paper proposes a new method to estimate the multiaxial non-proportional elastic-plastic stress and strain time histories developed in rails due to rolling contact, and evaluates its accuracy for fatigue analysis. The method allows for the fast determination of elastic-plastic stress and strain histories, and enables material parameter and load case studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Tao Cong, Xiaolong Liu, Si Wu, Guanzhen Zhang, Erqing Chen, Guian Qian, Filippo Berto
Summary: The mechanism of shattered rim on railway wheels was revealed, and the simulation results were in good agreement with experimental results, proving the effectiveness of the simulation. The influence of inclusions on the fatigue life of the wheel was evaluated, and a method for assessing the remaining fatigue life of wheels was proposed based on simulation results.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Nathan Fantecelle Strey, Andrei Bavaresco Rezende, Rodrigo da Silva Miranda, Solange Tamara da Fonseca, Paulo Roberto Mei, Cherlio Scandian
Summary: Effective management of wheel-rail contact is crucial for railways, as understanding the tribology of railway materials is key to maximizing productivity and minimizing maintenance. While some aspects of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) were found to be similar between twin-disc and field-operated wheels, cracks in wheels were significantly deeper and longer. Additionally, laboratory tests were noted to have limitations in simulating advanced RCF stages and environmental effects.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Fernando Jose Lopez-Urunuela, Beatriz Fernandez-Diaz, Bihotz Pinedo, Josu Aguirrebeitia
Summary: Hydrogen precharged specimens were tested in a disc-on-disc tribometer to study the early stages of crack formation. Small transgranular cracks and unlinked voids were found, as well as premature WEA. This paper aims to clarify certain concepts of debate concerning WEA and proposes a new hypothesis on the mechanism of crack formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Giorgio Donzella, Andrea Danesi, Angelo Mazzu, Candida Petrogalli, Andrea Ghidini, Michela Faccoli
Summary: The Failure Assessment Diagram (FAD) developed for railway wheel steels combines a multiaxial fatigue criterion with linear elastic fracture mechanics concept to assess fatigue failure in wet contact conditions. The FAD was found to accurately predict damage observed on specimens during tests and determine maximum allowable crack size to prevent rolling contact fatigue, showing potential as a damage tolerant approach.
FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Xiaolong Liu, Kelian Luo, Pengcheng Gao, Tao Cong, Xi Wang, Wenjing Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the formation mechanisms of the zig-zag crack region on the shattered rim of railway wheels. The zig-zag crack region, identified as a typical region for crack propagation in rolling contact fatigue behavior, was observed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The formation of the zig-zag morphology is attributed to the periodic deflection of the propagation path relative to the initial propagation plane, caused by the limited plastic deformation zone at the crack tip. Grain refinement and secondary cracks in the zig-zag crack region are a result of the large compressive and shear stresses induced by rolling contact loading.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Gang-Hui Jiang, Shu-Xin Li, Ji-Bin Pu, Feng Yu
Summary: In this study, the microstructural changes in the white etching area (WEA) of bearing steels under rolling contact fatigue were investigated using high-resolution transmission electron microscope images and molecular dynamic simulations. A lamellar morphology was observed in the WEA, and the matrix surrounding the WEA consisted of lamellar microstructures with different orientations. Austenite phase transformation and amorphization were observed in the WEA.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Byeong-Choon Goo, Jung-Won Seo, Young-Jin Lee
Summary: When a railway vehicle moves on a curved rail, wear on the wheel flange is caused by sliding contact between the rail head side and wheel flange. Traditionally, the flange is machined to a minimum thickness for structural safety, but this shortens the life of the wheel. In this study, the thinned flanges were hard-faced using submerged arc welding, and a suitable welding wire was developed. The results showed that welding with reverse polarity improved the hardness and reduced wear rates of the wheel compared to welding with straight polarity.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. B. Rezende, S. T. Fonseca, R. S. Miranda, F. M. Fernandes, F. A. F. Grijalba, P. F. S. Farina, P. R. Mei
Summary: Brazilian heavy-haul railway companies have conducted extensive research in recent years to develop solutions for improving operational efficiency and safety. Through comparative twin-disc tests, it was found that the addition of niobium and molybdenum can reduce wear on railway wheels, with 7 M steel showing better performance.
Review
Engineering, Mechanical
Sundar Shrestha, Maksym Spiryagin, Esteban Bernal, Qing Wu, Colin Cole
Summary: This study reviews and evaluates the wear and rolling contact fatigue (RCF) testing approaches for wheels and rails, highlighting their advantages and limitations. The analysis shows that scaled laboratory-based wear testing is commonly used. However, it is important to determine the input and observing parameters for scaled testing in order to closely emulate real-world scenarios, postprocess the results, and present them effectively. The study discusses important parameters for wear testing and explains the transition of parameters from the real-world to the test domain. Additionally, it addresses the challenges of RCF and wear testing processes and provides considerations for successful testing.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Guan-Zhen Zhang, Chun-Peng Liu, Si Wu, Sa Zhao, Bin Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of abnormal microstructure on the rolling contact fatigue damage of high-speed railway wheels. The presence of upper bainite in the wheel tread disrupts the uniformity of microstructures and accelerates the initiation and propagation of RCF cracks.
JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Jannik Theyssen, Thomas Deppisch, Astrid Pieringer, Wolfgang Kropp
Summary: The article presents a method for calculating the pass-by sound pressure radiated from railway wheels in the time domain using moving Green's functions. It introduces a modal approach to reduce computational cost and incorporates the dynamic response of the wheel in the time-domain processing. The article also investigates the directivity of the radiation from each mode and identifies dominant modes that contribute to the pass-by pressure level.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pawel J. Romanowicz, Dariusz Smolarski, Marek S. Kozien
Summary: A new approach based on the direct spectral method is proposed for fatigue analysis of elements subjected to bimodal stress histories. The method takes into account the influence of mean compressive stresses and estimates equivalent amplitude based on existing criteria. The proposed method is demonstrated using a thrust roller bearing and is shown to accurately identify stress components and determine fatigue life.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Guillermo E. Morales-Espejel, Armando Felix Quinonez
Summary: The paper presents a stress-based model for predicting the life of rolling/sliding contacts in machine elements, considering surface and subsurface survival. The model requires input of the contact stress distribution and lubrication quality. It is illustrated using the example of spur gears and shows the ability to predict gear endurance and the contribution of the surface. This approach is advantageous for future gear design and applicable to rolling bearings and cam-follower systems.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Lawal Umar Daura, Gui Yun Tian
Summary: This study aims to characterize inclined angular rolling contact fatigue (RCF) crack parameters in rail-line material using a modified topology of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT)-based Eddy Current Testing (ECT) (WPTECT). The WPTECT shows higher sensitivity to RCF cracks and utilizes multiple resonance responses for crack characterization. Experimental results demonstrate that the extracted features from WPTECT can accurately quantify the depth, opening width, and angle of RCF cracks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Brett A. Story, Gary T. Fry
COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kyle T. Wieghaus, Stefan Hurlebaus, John B. Mander, Gary T. Fry
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Brett A. Story, Gary T. Fry
JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Michael S. Brackin, Akram Abu-Odeh, C. Eugene Buth, William F. Williams, Gary T. Fry, Gregg Freeby
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2012)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Roshan Sharma, Chiara Silvestri Dobrovolny, Stefan Hurlebaus, Maysam Kiani
Summary: This study conducts a detailed analysis of vehicle platoons' impacts on highways using computer simulations, focusing on the capacity of roadside safety devices and occupant risks. The results indicate that the likelihood of catastrophic barrier failure and major injuries to occupants is low during truck platoon impacts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chiara Silvestri Dobrovolny, Roger Bligh, Maysam Kiani, Jeff Jeffers
Summary: The buried-in-backslope (BIB) terminal design is used for 273/4-inch high guardrail systems to reduce the impact with the barrier terminal and minimize vehicular intrusion behind the barrier. With the increase in guardrail height to 31 inches, modifications to the BIB terminal design are needed to meet current crashworthiness standard criteria. Tests conducted under the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) show that the TL-3 BIB terminal system is compliant and suitable for implementation at V-ditch locations with a 4H:1V or flatter foreslope.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chiara Silvestri Dobrovolny, Roger Bligh, Maysam Kiani, Ali Hangul
Summary: The FHWA has clarified height measures for W-beam guardrails, with a study conducted to investigate the crashworthiness of raising blockouts on posts to restore barrier height. The research involved a full-scale MASH Crash Test 3-11 on a 28-in. W-beam guardrail system with raised composite blockouts, which successfully contained and redirected a vehicle, providing guidance on achieving recommended rail height.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Maysam Kiani, Chiara Silvestri Dobrovolny, Roger Bligh, Chris Lindsey
Summary: This study investigates the effect of flaring concrete barriers around fixed objects on their crashworthiness. Currently, there are no recommendations available for the installation of flared barriers around fixed objects while maintaining crashworthiness.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Maysam Kiani, James Danila
Summary: The goal of this study was to develop a cost-effective Thrie-Beam guardrail system (TGS) for roadside and median applications that meets the safety requirements of MASH TL-3. The roadside and median TGS configurations were developed using computer simulations and evaluated through full-scale crash testing. Based on the results of successful crash tests and computer simulations, both roadside and median TGS configurations meet all safety requirements for MASH TL-3.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Roshan Sharma, Chiara Silvestri Dobrovolny, Stefan Hurlebaus, Maysam Kiani
Summary: The use of reinforced concrete in designing longitudinal barriers is common in roadside safety design. Safety hardware like bridge rails, median barriers, and transitions are carefully designed to redirect vehicles during impacts without endangering occupants. Finite element modeling and simulation are often used to test new designs and select appropriate material models for further research.
PROCEEDINGS OF ASME 2021 INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (IMECE2021), VOL 13
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Civil
B. A. Story, G. T. Fry
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING 2013, VOLS 1 AND 2
(2013)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Civil
B. A. Story, G. T. Fry
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING 2013, VOLS 1 AND 2
(2013)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
SL Jones, GT Fry, MD Engelhardt
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE
(2002)
