Article
Sport Sciences
Kim Van Vossel, Julie Hardeel, Freek van de Casteele, Sarah de Jager, Eline Lievens, Jan Boone, Wim Derave
Summary: This study examined the relationship between muscle typology and maximal strength, as well as its role in explaining the variability in repetitions to failure during resistance training. Muscle typology was estimated by measuring carnosine levels in various muscles. The results showed a weak but significant relationship between muscle typology and maximal isometric strength, favoring fast typology individuals. However, there was no difference in upper arm and upper leg strength between individuals with different muscle typologies. The number of repetitions to failure during resistance training was influenced by muscle typology at higher training loads, with slow typology individuals performing more repetitions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lidia Robles-Gonzalez, Mauricio Ramirez Maldonado, Juan Carlos Alcala-Escamilla, Lucas Jurado-Fasoli, Sergio Miras-Moreno, Marcos A. Soriano, Amador Garcia-Ramos, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
Summary: This study investigates the effects of acute caffeine intake on neuromuscular performance in resistance-trained women. The results show that caffeine intake in the morning can increase jump height, but has no effect on bench press velocity and strength endurance. Additionally, lower- and upper-body ballistic performance are greater in the afternoon than in the morning.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Antony M. J. Stadnyk, Franco M. Impellizzeri, Jamie Stanley, Paolo Menaspa, Katie M. Slattery
Summary: This review of track cycling research found a focus on athlete testing and performance optimization, with limited research in the training domain. Physical components were studied more frequently than mental, tactical, or technical components, and there was a lack of true experimental research using track cyclists.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana Paula Renno Sierra, Antonio Alves Fontes-Junior, Ines Assis Paz, Cesar Augustus Zocoler de Sousa, Leticia Aparecida da Silva Manoel, Duane Cardoso de Menezes, Vinicius Alves Rocha, Hermes Vieira Barbeiro, Heraldo Possolo de Souza, Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura
Summary: Inadequate nutrient intakes, such as low carbohydrate and calcium intakes, are associated with higher fat mass. High sucrose and sodium intakes are associated with elevated levels of BDNF. Adequate carbohydrate intake after exercise promotes higher levels of myostatin and musclin, while inadequate intakes lead to lower levels of IL-15 and BDNF. High cholesterol and low fiber intakes are associated with lower levels of irisin and apelin.
Review
Sport Sciences
Jani P. Vaara, Herbert Groeller, Jace Drain, Heikki Kyrolainen, Kai Pihlainen, Tommi Ojanen, Chris Connaboy, Matti Santtila, Philip Agostinelli, Brad C. Nindl
Summary: This review article examines the physical attributes related to performance of essential military tasks like load carriage, manual material handling and casualty evacuation. It also discusses physical training intervention studies in military settings to enhance performance in these tasks. The results highlight the importance of muscular fitness in successfully completing these military tasks and suggest that combining strength, aerobic, and specific load carriage training may be an effective way to improve performance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Benjamin J. Ryan, Nisha Charkoudian, Michael J. Joyner
Summary: In recent years, there have been many new approaches to improve physical performance for athletes, the military, and other applications. The goal of this discussion is to review and quantify the potential impact of these approaches using physiological insights. The evaluation ranges from transformative to ineffective or undetermined. For example, an increase of arterial oxygen partial pressure by 10% may not have a significant impact on healthy individuals at sea level, but it could be beneficial at high altitude or for certain patient populations. The importance of quantitative evaluation and the role of integrative physiologists in appraising these approaches are highlighted.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Leonardo Carvalho, Roberto Moriggi Junior, Julia Barreira, Brad J. Schoenfeld, John Orazem, Renato Barroso
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of different resistance training protocols on muscle hypertrophy and strength gains. The results showed that higher loads led to greater strength gains when volume load was equal, while there was no difference in muscle hypertrophy outcomes based on load magnitude when volume load was equal.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Raci Karayigit, Mitat Koz, Angela Sanchez-Gomez, Alireza Naderi, Ulas Can Yildirim, Raul Dominguez, Fatih Gur
Summary: This study found that high dosage of caffeine mouth rinsing significantly increased muscular endurance performance and decreased ratings of perceived exertion, suggesting a dose-dependent response to CMR on muscular endurance.
Article
Business
Nadia Zahoor, Ali Meftah Gerged
Summary: This study examines the mediating role of environmental knowledge integration between relational capital and environmental performance in SMEs. Findings suggest that environmental knowledge integration is crucial for SMEs' environmental performance, with ties strength moderating the effect of relational capital on environmental performance.
BUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marcos D. Polito, Rafael Papst, Karla Goessler
Summary: This study showed that resistance training with a single set may increase muscle strength without necessarily reducing resting blood pressure, while performing three sets can increase muscle strength and reduce resting blood pressure in individuals with hypertension.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Menno Henselmans, Thomas Bjornsen, Richie Hedderman, Fredrik Tonstad Varvik
Summary: The effect of carbohydrate intake on strength training performance has not been systematically analyzed. Acute supplementation and short-term manipulation did not show beneficial effects, while long-term manipulation had inconsistent results. Carbohydrate intake has minimal impact on workouts consisting of up to 10 sets per muscle group, but may benefit performance during higher intensity workouts. More research is needed for further validation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Erfan Berjisian, Alireza Naderi, Shima Mojtahedi, Jozo Grgic, Mohammad Hossein Ghahramani, Raci Karayigit, Jennifer L. Forbes, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete, Scott C. Forbes
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether the effects of caffeine intake on resistance exercise and jumping performance are influenced by training status. The results showed that caffeine ingestion improved muscular strength, endurance, and jump height, with similar magnitudes observed in resistance-trained and recreationally active men.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Javier Olaya-Cuartero, Roberto Cejuela
Summary: The study aimed to assess how the modification of biomechanical parameters influences the performance of elite triathletes. The results showed that changes in biomechanical parameters may affect the improvement of performance in the running segment.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Sport Sciences
Pablo Galan-Lopez, Rafael A. Casuso
Summary: In this study, the metabolic adaptations induced by morning and afternoon training were compared. It was found that afternoon exercise was more effective in reducing circulating triglyceride levels and potentially fasting blood glucose than morning training.
Review
Sport Sciences
Barry A. A. Spiering, Jonathon Weakley, Inigo Mujika
Summary: This review aims to understand the effects of bed rest on physical performance in athletes, discuss potential countermeasures, and identify recovery timelines. However, there is currently limited research on the effects of bed rest specifically in athletes.
Review
Rehabilitation
Luis Andreu-Caravaca, Domingo J. Ramos-Campo, Linda H. Chung, Alejandro Martinez-Rodriguez, Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias
Summary: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of resistance training programs for individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in improving strength, functional capacity, balance, general health perception, and fatigue. The results indicated that resistance training programs can improve strength, functional capacity, balance, and fatigue in individuals with MS.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Nathan D. W. Smith, Olivier Girard, Brendan R. Scott, Jeremiah J. Peiffer
Summary: This study examined the effects of blood flow restriction on cardiovascular, perceptual, and neuromuscular fatigue during and after cycling intervals. The results showed that blood flow restriction reduced the mechanical and cardiovascular demands of the intervals, without affecting perception of fatigue or neuromuscular characteristics.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Vicente Javier Clemente-Suarez, Alexandra Martin-Rodriguez, Laura Redondo-Florez, Pablo Ruisoto, Eduardo Navarro-Jimenez, Domingo Jesus Ramos-Campo, Jose Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
Summary: Recent research suggests a strong link between the functioning of mitochondria and the development of cancer. Healthy mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining metabolic processes and controlling cell death, but inflammation can harm their function and lead to tissue damage. Engaging in both endurance and resistance exercises, in addition to maintaining an active lifestyle, can help improve mitochondrial functioning and reduce the risk of cancer.
Article
Physiology
Nathan D. W. Smith, Chris R. Abbiss, Olivier Girard, Brendan R. Scott, Jeremiah J. Peiffer
Summary: This study investigated the influence of blood-flow restriction (BFR) on the distribution of pace, physiological demands, and perceptual responses during self-paced cycling. The results showed that trained cyclists adopted a more even distribution of pace when BFR was applied compared with a negative distribution without restriction. This study provides a useful tool to understand how the distribution of pace is self-regulated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Andrew M. M. Jonson, Olivier Girard, Thomas P. P. Walden, Kieran J. J. Marston, Brendan R. R. Scott
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of resistance exercise in hypoxia on performance and fatigue markers, and whether these responses differ between high and low work rates. Twenty men completed trials in hypoxia and normoxia, and the results showed that hypoxia did not affect performance or fatigue markers. However, higher work rate exercise led to greater decrements in performance and increased perception of fatigue, regardless of hypoxia.
RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ines Palomo-Fernandez, Laura Martin-Casado, Felix Marcos-Tejedor, Alberto Aldana-Caballero, Jacobo. A. Rubio-Arias, J. Fernando Jimenez-Diaz
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effects of different height lateral wedge insoles (0.00, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.6 cm) on patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) in normal and supinated feet during the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and in the reflex response of Peroneus Longus (PL), Peroneus Brevis (PB), and Tibialis Anterior (TA) during a 30 degrees inversion of the feet. The study found that the use of 0.3 cm and 0.6 cm lateral wedge insoles resulted in reduced reaction time and improved balance in subjects with CAI. These findings suggest that lateral wedge insoles can be beneficial in managing chronic ankle instability.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vicente Javier Clemente-Suarez, Maria Isabel Ramirez-Goerke, Laura Redondo-Florez, Ana Isabel Beltran-Velasco, Alexandra Martin-Rodriguez, Domingo Jesus Ramos-Campo, Eduardo Navarro-Jimenez, Rodrigo Yanez-Sepulveda, Jose Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
Summary: Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder characterized by an individual's preoccupation with weight and body structure while denying the severity of low body weight. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as nutritional, physical activity, psychological, psychosocial, and physical therapy interventions, can be used to ameliorate or reduce the symptoms of this condition.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alejandro Martinez-Rodriguez, Lorena Vidal-Martinez, Maria Martinez-Olcina, Laura Miralles-Amoros, Juan Antonio Sanchez-Saez, Domingo Jesus Ramos-Campo, Javier Sanchez-Sanchez, Natalia Martinez-Amoros, Kamela Cheikh-Moussa, Nuria Asencio-Mas, Luis Andreu-Caravaca, Jacobo Angel Rubio-Arias
Summary: The university stage is a critical time to address the unhealthy eating habits of students, as they often skip meals and consume high-calorie fast food. Professionals in the field of nutrition and dietetics are also at risk of developing eating disorders due to their extensive knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational program promoting the Mediterranean diet on eating behaviors and body composition in nutrition and dietetics students.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Domingo Jesus Ramos-Campo, Vicente J. Clemente-Suarez, Rocio Cupeiro, Jose Antonio Benitez-Munoz, Luis Andreu Caravaca, Jacobo a. Rubio-Arias
Summary: A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) intake during exercise on endurance performance. The study included 136 studies and found that CHO intake significantly improves performance compared to placebo/control groups. The effect is greater in time to exhaustion tests and for longer durations of exercise. Additionally, CHO intake has a stronger impact on less trained individuals. The dosage, ergometer used, type of CHO ingestion, and type of CHO do not significantly affect the magnitude of performance change.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lucia Torres-Alamo, Remedios Lopez-Liria, Maria Angeles Valverde-Martinez, Maria Jesus Benzo-Iglesias, Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias
Summary: This systematic review analyzes the effectiveness of breathing exercises in improving fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. The findings suggest that incorporating respiratory exercises, such as Ai-Chi and Pilates, into rehabilitation programs may help reduce the perception of fatigue. However, the heterogeneity in protocols and outcome measures makes it difficult to generalize the results.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pedro Belinchon-deMiguel, Domingo Jesus Ramos-Campo, Vicente Javier Clemente-Suarez
Summary: Physical activity and excessive caloric intake are major contributors to chronic diseases. Recreating the hunter-gatherer lifestyle through physical activity and caloric restriction can potentially improve overall health. In this study, a fasting participant showed higher perceived exertion, stress, pain, and dehydration during a 4-day walking event. They also experienced poorer sleep quality, increased creatinine kinase levels, and decreased lower limb strength.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Brendan R. Scott, Olivier Girard, Nicholas Rolnick, James R. Mckee, Paul S. R. Goods
Summary: This commentary discusses the evolving methods of blood-flow restriction (BFR) training for different populations, from healthy athletes to clinical or load-compromised populations. It highlights the combination of BFR with various types of resistance training, energy systems training, and sports-specific activities. BFR is also being used passively in muscle disuse or rehabilitation periods and as a preconditioning or performance-enhancement technique. These methods have been reported to improve muscle development, cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacities, tendon, bone, and vascular adaptations, and pain reduction. However, there are still unanswered questions in the emerging field of BFR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Domingo Jesus Ramos-Campo, Francisco Javier Lopez-Roman, Silvia Perez-Pinero, Raquel Ortolano, Maria Salud Abellan-Ruiz, Enrique Molina Perez de los Cobos, Antonio Jesus Luque-Rubia, Dag Van Elslande, Vicente Avila-Gandia
Summary: This study investigated the effects of acute supplementation of ketone monoester and NaHCO3 co-ingestion on cycling performance. The results showed that cyclists who consumed ketone monoester demonstrated higher mean power and relative power during the first 8-minute time trial, and had higher blood concentration of P-hydroxybutyrate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2023)
