Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kristen DeCarlo, Amisha Wallia, Raymond H. Kang, Andrew Cooper, Manisha Cherupally, Sterling A. Harris, Cassandra Aikman, David T. Liss, Ronald T. Ackermann, Matthew J. O'Brien
Summary: Despite clinical consensus to use caution in prescribing certain antidiabetic medications among older adults in poor health, these medications remain commonly used in this population.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Motohiko Adomi, Megumi Maeda, Fumiko Murata, Haruhisa Fukuda
Summary: This study compared the risk of fracture in older adults initiating suvorexant versus Z-drugs and found that suvorexant has a generally comparable risk of fracture as compared to Z-drugs.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Paul Lacaze, Andrew Bakshi, Moeen Riaz, Suzanne G. Orchard, Jane Tiller, Johannes T. Neumann, Prudence R. Carr, Amit D. Joshi, Yin Cao, Erica T. Warner, Alisa Manning, Tu Nguyen-Dumont, Melissa C. Southey, Roger L. Milne, Leslie Ford, Robert Sebra, Eric Schadt, Lucy Gately, Peter Gibbs, Bryony A. Thompson, Finlay A. Macrae, Paul James, Ingrid Winship, Catriona McLean, John R. Zalcberg, Robyn L. Woods, Andrew T. Chan, Anne M. Murray, John J. McNeil
Summary: The study showed that the polygenic risk score (PRS) can predict breast cancer risk in women aged 70 years and older, indicating the potential clinical utility of PRS in this age group. No incident breast cancer diagnoses were observed among carriers of rare pathogenic variants (PVs) in breast cancer susceptibility genes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Akhil Upneja, Jessica B. Long, Jenerius A. Aminawung, Kelly A. Kyanko, Natalia Kunst, Xiao Xu, Susan H. Busch, Cary P. Gross, Ilana B. Richman
Summary: The study found that using digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for breast cancer screening in older women did not reduce the rate of subsequent imaging, but most additional cancers detected were in the early stages.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tingting Sha, Yuqing Zhang, Changjun Li, Guanghua Lei, Jing Wu, Xiaoxiao Li, Zidan Yang, Chao Zeng, Jie Wei
Summary: Our study provides empirical evidence that initiation of metformin is associated with a lower risk of venous thromboembolism compared to sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad, Marius Craina, Adrian Gluhovschi, Lioara Boscu, Elena Bernad, Mircea Iurciuc, Ahmed Abu-Awwad, Stela Iurciuc, Cristina Tudoran, Robert Bernad, Anca Laura Maghiari
Summary: This study investigated a cohort of pregnant women and found significant differences in neonatal outcomes between those with cardiovascular risk and those without, including Apgar scores, gestational weeks, and baby birth weight. These findings underscore the importance of considering maternal cardiovascular health as a determinant of neonatal outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ghadeer K. Dawwas, James H. Flory, Sean Hennessy, Charles E. Leonard, James D. Lewis
Summary: In this comparative safety study using real-world data, newly prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a higher rate of diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to DPP-4 inhibitors and sulfonylureas. Clinicians should be aware of this association.
Article
Oncology
Brian L. Sprague, Laura Ichikawa, Joanna Eavey, Kathryn P. Lowry, Garth Rauscher, Ellen S. O'Meara, Diana L. Miglioretti, Shuai Chen, Janie M. Lee, Natasha K. Stout, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, Nila Alsheik, Sally D. Herschorn, Hannah Perry, Donald L. Weaver, Karla Kerlikowske
Summary: There are no consensus guidelines for supplemental breast cancer screening with whole-breast ultrasound. This study evaluated the risk of mammography screening failures among women undergoing ultrasound screening compared to mammography alone. The results showed that a clinically significant proportion of women undergoing mammography alone were at high mammography screening failure risk.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Weiling Leng, Danlan Pu, Juan Jiang, Xiaotian Lei, Qinan Wu, Bing Chen
Summary: The combination of metformin and lifestyle changes was found to be a safe and effective strategy for improving metabolic markers and increasing adiponectin, thereby decreasing breast density and the risk of breast cancer. The BIRADS grade showed significant correlations with positive pathological biopsy rate and adiponectin levels, while the positive pathological biopsy rate was strongly associated with the BIRADS grade.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Yifan Lu, Ali Hajjar, Vincent L. Cryns, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Ronald E. Gangnon, Brandy M. Heckman-Stoddard, Oguzhan Alagoz
Summary: This study suggests that women with type 2 diabetes are more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer, and this association is strengthened when adjusting for BMI and menopausal status. There was no significant reduction in breast cancer risk among users of metformin.
Review
Surgery
Kai Siang Chan, Michelle Tian Hui Chong, Clement Luck Khng Chia, Kwok Leung Cheung
Summary: This updated meta-analysis indicated that primary endocrine therapy (PET) in older women with breast cancer had worse overall survival and recurrence-free survival compared to primary surgical therapy (PST), although this may be influenced by the patients' increased age and co-morbidities. However, health-related quality of life outcomes were mostly similar between PET and PST.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Abdulla Al-Rashdan, Yuan Xu, May Lynn Quan, Jeffrey Q. Cao, Winson Cheung, Antoine Bouchard-Fortier, Shiying Kong, Lisa Barbera
Summary: The study found that for older women aged 80 years and older with higher-risk breast cancer, surgery and systemic therapy were associated with longer breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS). Patients had an increased probability of breast cancer death in the first 5 years after diagnosis compared to death from other causes.
Article
Oncology
Pamela J. Goodwin, Ryan J. O. Dowling, Marguerite Ennis, Bingshu E. Chen, Wendy R. Parulekar, Lois E. Shepherd, Margot J. Burnell, Rachel Vander Meer, Andrea Molckovsky, Anagha Gurjal, Karen A. Gelmon, Jennifer A. Ligibel, Dawn L. Hershman, Ingrid A. Mayer, Timothy J. Whelan, Timothy J. Hobday, Priya Rastogi, Manuela Rabaglio-Poretti, Julie Lemieux, Alastair M. Thompson, Daniel W. Rea, Vuk Stambolic
Summary: The study demonstrates that metformin compared to placebo leads to significant weight and metabolic improvements in breast cancer patients, with no influence from baseline BMI or insulin, and no differences based on the rs11212617 allele status.
Article
Oncology
Thi Xuan Mai Tran, Soyeoun Kim, Huiyeon Song, Boyoung Park
Summary: Mammographic breast density and BMI are strong risk factors for breast cancer, and they also play important roles in women aged 75 years and older. Increase in breast density and BMI are both associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Older women with dense breasts may benefit from a tailored screening strategy for early detection of breast cancer, regardless of BMI.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Dario Trapani
Summary: The Oncology Grand Rounds series aims to provide clinical context for original reports published in the Journal. It includes case presentations, discussions on diagnostic and management challenges, reviews of relevant literature, and summaries of suggested management approaches. The series helps readers understand how to apply key study results to their own clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
David R. Boulware, Thomas A. Murray, Jennifer L. Proper, Christopher J. Tignanelli, John B. Buse, David M. Liebovitz, Jacinda M. Nicklas, Kenneth Cohen, Michael A. Puskarich, Hrishikesh K. Belani, Lianne K. Siegel, Nichole R. Klatt, David J. Odde, Amy B. Karger, Nicholas E. Ingraham, Katrina M. Hartman, Via Rao, Aubrey A. Hagen, Barkha Patel, Sarah L. Fenno, Nandini Avula, Neha Reddy, Spencer M. Erickson, Sarah Lindberg, Regina Fricton, Samuel Lee, Adnin Zaman, Hanna G. Saveraid, Walker J. Tordsen, Matthew F. Pullen, Nancy E. Sherwood, Jared D. Huling, Carolyn T. Bramante
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-boosted participants experienced the least severe symptoms during COVID-19, and their symptoms improved the fastest over time. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was found to be associated with reduced symptom severity in a sample of low to moderate risk adults enrolled in an outpatient COVID-19 treatment trial. Booster shots further reduced symptom severity.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Seth A. Berkowitz, Gina R. Kruse, Katharine A. Ball Ricks, Jessica Burch, Ethan Ouimet, Beth Kitzis, Colleen Forrest, Jean Terranova, Paul W. Stewart, John B. Buse, Thomas C. Keyserling, Deborah J. Wexler, Linda M. Delahanty
Summary: This article describes a trial protocol to assess whether medically tailored meals plus lifestyle intervention can improve hemoglobin A1c and participant-reported outcomes compared to a food subsidy for adults with both type 2 diabetes and food insecurity. The trial aims to enroll 200 participants and will use a pragmatic design with random assignment to different interventions. The primary outcome is hemoglobin A1c at 6 months. The results will inform clinical management of food insecurity in the context of type 2 diabetes.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven E. Kahn, Cheryl A. M. Anderson, John B. Buse, Elizabeth Selvin, Sonia Y. Angell, Vanita R. Aroda, Jessica R. Castle, Alice Y. Y. Cheng, Thomas Danne, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Jose C. Florez, Meghana D. Gadgil, Amalia Gastaldelli, Jennifer B. Green, Ania M. Jastreboff, Alka M. Kanaya, Namratha R. Kandula, Csaba P. Kovesdy, Neda Laiteerapong, Kristen J. Nadeau, Rodica Pop-Busui, Camille E. Powe, Casey M. Rebholz, Michael R. Rickels, Naveed Sattar, Jonathan E. Shaw, Emily K. Sims, Kristina M. Utzschneider, Adrian Vella, Cuilin Zhang
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven E. Kahn, Cheryl A. M. Anderson, John B. Buse, Elizabeth Selvin
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shweta Pathak, Kristina Kearin, Anna R. Kahkoska, Kathryn A. Fuller, Bradley Staats, Joseph Albright, Til Sturmer, John B. Buse, Benjamin Y. Urick
Summary: A policy change by a commercial insurer expanded coverage of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) through the pharmacy benefit, leading to increased utilization of CGM. The study found that CGM use significantly increased after the policy change, especially among type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. The findings suggest that the policy change had a positive impact on CGM utilization.
DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Elena Casiraghi, Rachel Wong, Margaret Hall, Ben Coleman, Marco Notaro, Michael D. Evans, Jena S. Tronieri, Hannah Blau, Bryan Laraway, Tiffany J. Callahan, Lauren E. Chan, Carolyn T. Bramante, John B. Buse, Richard A. Moffitt, Til Sturmer, Steven G. Johnson, Yu Raymond Shao, Justin Reese, Peter N. Robinson, Alberto Paccanaro, Giorgio Valentini, Jared D. Huling, Kenneth J. Wilkins
Summary: Healthcare datasets from Electronic Health Records are valuable for assessing associations between patients' predictors and outcomes. However, missing values are common in these datasets, and removing them may introduce bias. Multiple imputation algorithms have been proposed to recover missing information, but there is no consensus on which algorithm works best. Choosing algorithm parameters and data-related modeling choices is also challenging.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrea L. Cherrington, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Vanita Aroda, John B. Buse, Basma Fattaleh, Stephen P. Fortmann, Stephanie Hall, Sophia H. Hox, Alexander Kuhn, Tina Killean, Amy Loveland, Lawrence S. Phillips, Analyn Uy Jackson, Andrea Waltje, M. Diane McKee
Summary: This study successfully recruited a diverse population of individuals with relatively new onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus, relying heavily on the use of Electronic Health Record for participant screening. A comprehensive approach to recruitment with frequent monitoring was critical for achieving the recruitment goal.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven E. Kahn, Cheryl A. M. Anderson, Mark A. Atkinson, George L. Bakris, John B. Buse, Frank B. Hu, Stephen S. Rich, Matthew C. Riddle, Elizabeth Selvin
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John B. Buse, Helene Nordahl Christensen, Brian J. Harty, Julie Mitchell, Benjamin P. Soule, Emily Zacherle, Mark Cziraky, Vincent J. Willey
Summary: SEPRA is an ongoing pragmatic clinical trial that aims to compare the effects of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide with standard care in patients with type 2 diabetes. It collects data from routine clinical practice to support decision-making by clinicians, payers, and policy makers. Key outcomes of the study include glycemic control, weight loss, healthcare utilization, and patient-reported outcomes.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
John B. Buse, Christopher P. Austin, S. Claiborne Johnston, Freda Lewis-Hall, Andrew N. March, Carolyn K. Shore, Pamela Tenaerts, Joni L. Rutter
Summary: Clinical trial processes are inefficient and costly, hindering the translation of medical discoveries into treatments. A group of experts developed a framework for clinical trial site readiness based on existing qualifications. The framework includes six domains and aims to reduce inefficiencies, improve reach, and benefit trial sponsors, organizations, participants, and the public. Novice and experienced sites can use the framework for preparation, assessment, and engagement with stakeholders.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jessica A. Regan, Robert J. Mentz, Maggie Nguyen, Jennifer B. Green, Lauren K. Truby, Olga Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, John B. Buse, Harald Sourij, C. David Sjostrom, Naveed Sattar, Robert W. Mcgarrah, Yinggan Zheng, Darren K. Mcguire, Eberhard Standl, Paul Armstrong, Eric D. Peterson, Adrian F. Hernandez, Rury R. Holman, Svati H. Shah
Summary: This study reveals the heterogeneity of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and identifies circulating metabolites reflecting mitochondrial dysfunction that can predict incident MACE. These metabolites remain associated with MACE in multivariate models and show favorable changes with exenatide therapy. The findings suggest that these biomarkers may improve cardiovascular risk prediction models and highlight emerging risk mechanisms.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Larissa Vierl, Susanne Hoerz-Sagstetter, Cord Benecke, Carsten Spitzer, Florian Juen
Summary: This study compares two widely used questionnaires based on psychodynamic theories for assessing personality functioning (PF), finding that while highly correlated, they tap into distinct domains of PF. Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) and bootEGA were used to explore the dimensionality and stability of the questionnaires. These findings have important implications for clinical and scientific practice.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nandini Avula, Dustin Kakach, Christopher J. Tignanelli, David M. Liebovitz, Jacinda M. Nicklas, Kenneth Cohen, Michael A. Puskarich, Hrishikesh K. Belani, John B. Buse, Nichole R. Klatt, Blake Anderson, Amy B. Karger, Katrina M. Hartman, Barkha Patel, Sarah L. Fenno, Neha V. Reddy, Spencer M. Erickson, David R. Boulware, Thomas A. Murray, Carolyn T. Bramante
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the advancement of decentralized clinical trials (DCT). DCTs have proved to be an effective and pragmatic method for assessing health outcomes during the pandemic. This report highlights the successful implementation of the COVID-OUT trial, which utilized decentralized strategies to rapidly deliver study drugs and remotely monitor participant outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lauren E. Dang, Edwin Fong, Jens Magelund Tarp, Kim Katrine Bjerring Clemmensen, Henrik Ravn, Kajsa Kvist, John B. Buse, Mark van der Laan, Maya Petersen
Summary: This study presents three designs for evaluating the difference in risk of major adverse cardiovascular events between oral semaglutide and standard-of-care. Simulation results show that Designs 1 and 2 perform similarly, while Design 3 integrates external controls in 84% of cross-validation folds. The estimated risk difference using Design 3 is -1.53%-points.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mustafa Tosur, Laura Gandolfo, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Rochelle N. Naylor, Toni I. Pollin, Neda Rasouli, Sara J. Cromer, John B. Buse, Maria J. Redondo
Summary: The incidence of diabetes in underrepresented racial and ethnic groups is increasing and has worse outcomes compared to non-Hispanic White individuals. This study aimed to recruit a diverse study population, however, the participation of underrepresented groups was low. Strategies to enhance their recruitment and retention are needed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)