Review
Environmental Sciences
Rahul Singh, Sumedha Chakma, Volker Birke
Summary: Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are effective technologies for treating contaminated groundwater and have been widely used worldwide. This study provides a comprehensive overview of different PRB designs and their long-term performance, helping stakeholders understand the implications of PRBs and guide their application to avoid potential failure.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Haidong Zhou, Zhiyong Liu, Xin Li, Jiahui Xu
Summary: A new technique using SAE/EK-PRB was effective in removing Pb2+ from contaminated soil, with 35% moisture content and 2.5 V/cm voltage gradient as the optimal operating conditions. Different PRB filling materials were evaluated, showing that a combination of fly ash and graphene oxide was the most successful in reducing Pb2+ levels in the soil.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Cuicui Liu, Yue Ma, Steven A. Banwart, Xiaohui Chen, Wenchao Du, Ying Yin, Hongyan Guo
Summary: A one-dimensional reactive transport model was developed to study the removal of phenanthrene from groundwater using new PRB materials A and B. The results showed that Material B had a higher removal efficiency than Material A due to its higher adsorption capacity and microbial yield coefficient. The findings are of significance for practical applications in groundwater remediation.
JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chengchen Guo, Liang Qi, Ying Bai, Lin Yin, Ling Li, Wen Zhang
Summary: The study demonstrates that the PRB filled with ZVI modified wheat straw materials shows good performance in removing nitrate-contaminated groundwater, achieving high NO3- removal rate and low NH4+ generation, making it suitable for remediation in field-scale PRBs.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
In-Gyu Song, Yu-Gyeong Kang, Jae-Hwan Kim, Hakwon Yoon, Woo Yong Um, Yoon- Seok Chang
Summary: Unprecedented high concentrations of heavy metals have been detected in the groundwater at a zinc smelter in Seokpo, South Korea. The use of sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) has proved to be effective in removing contaminants and reducing microbial toxicity in the groundwater.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sadjad Mohammadian, Hadi Tabani, Zahra Boosalik, Amir Asadi Rad, Beate Krok, Andreas Fritzsche, Kamal Khodaei, Rainer U. Meckenstock
Summary: This study assessed and validated the in situ remediation of arsenic contamination in groundwater using injectable, colloidal iron oxide nanoparticles. Laboratory studies and field tests were conducted, and it was found that the injected nanoparticles formed a stable in situ barrier that successfully reduced the arsenic concentrations in groundwater.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fengyi Zhu, Xuefei Tan, Weixin Zhao, Likui Feng, Shufei He, Liangliang Wei, Lin Yang, Kun Wang, Qingliang Zhao
Summary: The study demonstrated that using zero valent iron-based composites as fillers for permeable reactive barriers can effectively remove metal ions such as Cu(II), Co(II), Cr(VI) and As(III), showing potential application value. The composites exhibited different selectivity values in different metal systems, and also showed dynamic removal improvement for multiple metals.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Karyn N. O. Silva, Joao M. M. Henrique, Vitor J. P. Vilar, Carlos A. Martinez-Huitle, Elisama dos Santos
Summary: A novel and environmentally friendly technology for remediating lead-contaminated soil by integrating electrokinetic (EK) remediation and permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) is proposed. The use of cork granules as reactive media in PRBs effectively prevents lead from reaching groundwater, and the pH conditions and electrical field have significant effects on lead sorption and the properties of cork. By using citric acid and reverse polarity strategy, the transportation of lead towards the PRB with cork granules is improved, leading to a near 80% removal of lead from soil after 14 days. This technology shows potential for in situ remediation of lead-contaminated groundwater.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Haijian Xie, Mengzhen Yu, Huaxiang Yan, Hywel Rhys Thomas, Yunmin Chen, Yun Chen
Summary: A permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is an effective technology for groundwater remediation, and its design methods are crucial for achieving remediation goals. Steady-state analytical solutions offer a conservative and simple approach to PRB design. This study proposes a steady-state analytical solution to describe organic contaminant transport through a PRB and aquifer system. The shape factor is introduced to investigate the impact of PRB layout on its performance. Dimensionless analysis is used to examine the effects of degradation, dispersion, and advection on PRB design. Simplified solutions for estimating PRB thickness and source remediation time are derived. These findings provide practical insights for the design and evaluation of PRB systems.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Huichen Yang, Quan Liu, Rui Hu, Thomas Ptak, Reza Taherdangkoo, Yuxi Liu, Chicgoua Noubactep
Summary: This paper presents a 3-D numerical model to assess the impact of porosity heterogeneity of a metallic iron based permeable reactive barrier (Fe0-PRB) on groundwater flow and long-term effectiveness. The study found that the porosity heterogeneity of the barrier medium is an important factor in estimating the long-term performance of a continuous-wall Fe0-PRB. Ignoring porosity heterogeneity leads to underestimation of flow and contaminant spread.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ravindra Budania, Sanyam Dangayach
Summary: Groundwater quality is deteriorating due to contamination from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) offer a more sustainable strategy for remediation compared to traditional Pump and Treat techniques. This promising technique focuses on eliminating heavy metal pollutants and hazardous aromatic compounds by various methods such as physisorption, chemisorption, precipitation, denitrification, and/or biodegradation.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Motahareh Saadatpour, Marziyeh Goeini, Abbas Afshar, Alireza Shahmirnoori
Summary: In this study, numerical groundwater modelling software was used to simulate a 2D transient state predictive model for heavy metal contaminated groundwater in Iran. The study focused on the performance of a permeable reactive barrier in pollutant removal and illustrated the spatial and temporal distribution of the contaminant. The findings showed that the downward movement of the contaminant resulted in unsafe water quality, and sensitivity analyses were conducted for groundwater remediation.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alena Fedorockova, Pavel Raschman, Gabriel Sucik, Maria Svandova, Agnesa Dorakova
Summary: A laboratory method was designed and verified for testing alkaline, magnesite-based reactive materials in the removal of heavy metals from contaminated groundwater. Caustic calcined magnesia (CCM) showed high reactivity and low solubility in removing Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, and Mn2+ cations from mixed aqueous solutions. The optimal condition for CCM preparation was found to be calcination at 750 degrees C for 3 hours, achieving full heavy metal removal with lower energy consumption.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yunhui Zhang, Benyi Cao, Hailong Yin, Lite Meng, Wei Jin, Fei Wang, Jian Xu, Abir Al-Tabbaa
Summary: Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is a promising groundwater remediation technology with low costs and wide immobilization suitability. Zeolites, as reactive media, have high adsorption capacity, diverse pore structure, and high stability, making them a popular choice. Compared to other reductants, zeolites reduce fouling and clogging in PRBs. This study reviews the lab-scale applications of zeolites in PRBs and presents future prospects and suggestions for their use in groundwater remediation.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Seyed Hossein Mousavi Alyani, Nasser Talebbeydokhti, Faramarz Doulati Ardejani, Ayoub Karimi Jashni, Reza Rakhshandehroo
Summary: This experimental study successfully evaluated nitrate removal from fine-grained soil using EK technique coupled with GAC-PRB, achieving up to 96% removal efficiency. A model was developed to optimize operational parameters, highlighting the significant impact of voltage gradient and remediation time on removal efficiency and energy consumption.
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2022)