Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wei Cheng, Youjian Zhu, Jing'ai Shao, Wennan Zhang, Guihao Wu, Hao Jiang, Junhao Hu, Zhen Huang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: A new phosphoric acid modification method was proposed to improve the reduction efficiency of PM0.2 by kaolin additive in agricultural biomass pellet combustion, significantly reducing PM0.2 emissions. The modification destroyed the internal structure of kaolin and increased its pore structure, leading to better alkali capture ability.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhenyao Xu, Yujia Wu, Siqi Liu, Minghui Tang, Shengyong Lu
Summary: This study investigates the emissions of filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM) from a coal-fired power plant. The results show that the concentration of CPM increases when coal is mixed with sludge. Most air pollutant control devices have a positive effect on the removal of FPM and CPM, except for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration device. The low-low temperature electrostatic precipitator has the highest removal efficiency for both FPM and CPM. The organic fraction in CPM is mainly composed of hydrocarbons and organosilicon.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wei Cheng, Jing'ai Shao, Youjian Zhu, Wennan Zhang, Hao Jiang, Junhao Hu, Xiong Zhang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: Torrefaction can improve fuel properties and reduce operating costs. However, the emission behavior of particulate matter (PM) during torrefied pellet combustion is still unknown. In this study, cotton stalks were torrefied at temperatures of 220-300°C with oxygen concentrations of 0-21%. The burned torrefied pellets were analyzed using a Dekati low-pressure impactor to investigate PM emission behavior. The results show that oxidative torrefaction leads to significant decreases in H/C and O/C ratios, making the fuel properties similar to coal. The heating value is greatly improved and sensitive to the torrefaction temperature. Both non-oxidative and oxidative torrefaction result in a considerable increase in PM10 yield. The main composition of PM1 changes from KCl to K2SO4 due to the release of chlorine during torrefaction. Additionally, the presence of oxygen facilitates the transformation of alkali and alkaline-earth metals into coarse particles, as indicated by the generally high levels of calcium and potassium in PM1-10. The optimal torrefaction conditions for producing high-quality torrefied cotton stalk pellets with high heating values and low PM emission in subsequent combustion applications are around 260°C with a low oxygen concentration of 0-6%.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chang Yuan, Zuwu Wang, Hairong Cheng, Shengwen Liang, Yuanzhi Hu, Xinyuan Dong, Jiawei Wu
Summary: This study investigated the concentration and characterization of condensable particulate matter (CPM) and filterable particulate matter (FPM) emitted from different stationary sources in Wuhan. The results showed that these stationary sources do emit some CPMs, with coal-fired plants having higher CPM concentrations.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yong Wei, Guijian Liu, Biao Fu, Ruwei Wang, Yuan Liu, Xuan Xue, Mei Sun
Summary: This study evaluated the distribution and partitioning behavior of Pb in size-resolved fine PM collected from an industrial circulating fluidized bed power plant. The mechanism of Pb enrichment in supermicron particles was mainly controlled by surface adsorption reaction, while gas-film transfer or heterogenous condensation might represent the deposition mechanism for submicron particles. Additionally, the emission of fine SiO2-bearing particles should be limited due to their potential harm to the respiratory system.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wei Yang, Leida Lv, Yong Han, Yu Li, Huihui Liu, Youjian Zhu, Wennan Zhang, Haiping Yang
Summary: The effect of biomass densification on combustion characteristics and particulate matter (PM) emission was studied in this work. The results showed that biomass densification improved the ignition, burnout, and composite combustion indexes. Densification had little impact on the composition of PM, but significantly changed the yield of PM. The influence of densification on PM emission varied for different biomass types.
Article
Environmental Studies
Minwook Kim, Seunghyun Jo, Jiyun Woo, Eui-Chan Jeon
Summary: Biomass burning is divided into six types, with agricultural waste burning and open burning being the main sources. This incomplete combustion results in the emission of a large amount of air pollutants and volatile organic compounds, requiring management based on accurate analysis of emission characteristics.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wei Yang, Youjian Zhu, Yu Li, Wei Cheng, Wennan Zhang, Haiping Yang, Zhiwu Tan, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of co-combustion of rice husk with cotton stalk or cornstalk on PM emissions. The experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in PM1 yields during the co-combustion process. The synergistic effect of physical dilution and chemical reactions between alkali metals and Si-containing species in the ash contributes to the inhibition of fine particulate matter generation. The Si/(Ca+Mg) ratio in the ash chemistry, especially for rice husk/cornstalk, plays a crucial role in the degree of PM reduction.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaoyu Zhang, Yuzhong Li, Lu Wang, Zhuping Zhang, Yong Dong
Summary: This study found that adding an appropriate amount of biomass to pulverized coal can effectively inhibit the production of coal-fired condensable particulate matter. Cornstalk showed the most significant inhibitory effect on CPM, with an addition ratio of around 30%. Additionally, adding cornstalk was also found to decrease the content of certain components in CPM and efficiently reduce the amount of aromatic compounds, the substances with the highest toxicity levels in CPM, at an approximate addition ratio of 30%.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yu Li, Zhiwu Tan, Youjian Zhu, Wennan Zhang, Zhenyi Du, Jingai Shao, Long Jiang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study investigates the effects of NH4H2PO4 additive on the properties of biomass fuel and particulate matter emissions during combustion. The results show that NH4H2PO4 addition can enhance the removal of O and retention of C, reduce the absolute content of Cl and S in the torrefied fuel, and significantly change the occurrence of alkali and alkaline earth metals. Furthermore, the emissions of PM1 from the torrefied fuels are effectively reduced with the addition of NH4H2PO4.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yupeng Feng, Yuzhong Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Shiqian Su, Zhuping Zhang, Zongwei Gan, Yong Dong
Summary: Current emissions of Condensable particulate matter (CPM) from coal-fired stationary sources far exceed filterable particulate matter, attracting widespread attention. CPM is mainly in the form of droplets or spheres, with detected heavy metal elements such as Hg, As, Se, and Sb.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Wu Yang, Deepak Pudasainee, Rajender Gupta, Wei Li, Ben Wang, Lushi Sun
Summary: This paper systematically reviews the PM sampling and measurement methods, formation mechanisms, distribution, inorganic composition and the factors influencing PM emission during combustion of coal/biomass/MSW. Coarse particle emissions from coal combustion are generally higher than those from biomass, while ultrafine and fine particle emissions from biomass combustion are higher than those from coal. Particle emissions are related to various influencing factors such as solid fuel particle size, inherent ash content, mineral properties, binding form of inorganic elements, combustion parameters, and ash chemical composition.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pak Kin Wong, Shou Hao Chen, Meisam Ahmadi Ghadikolaei, Kar Wei Ng, Simon Ming Yuen Lee, Jin Cheng Xu, Zhen Dong Lian, Min Ren, Zhi Ning, Nirmal Kumar Gali
Summary: This research investigates the impact of renewable fuels, including three types of biodiesel and ethanol, on the physical properties and structural characteristics of particulate matter (PM) emitted from a diesel engine. Three biodiesel blended fuels (10% grape seed biodiesel, 10% spent coffee ground biodiesel, and eucalyptus oil biodiesel) and one ethanol blend (9% ethanol and 1% biodiesel) were tested. The results show that both biodiesel blends and ethanol blend affect the properties of PM compared to pure diesel, with biodiesel blends having a slightly weaker influence than ethanol blend. Among the biodiesel blends, grape seed biodiesel has the greatest impact on the reduction of PM mass, making it a promising renewable fuel for diesel engines.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dong Liu, Xiangrong Li, Liang Xie, Jiang Chang, Yuning Kang, Zhi Zhang
Summary: Through experimental research on a single-cylinder diesel engine comparing a lateral swirl combustion system (LSCS) and a Turbocharger-Charge Air Cooling-Diesel Particle Filter Series combustion system (TCDCS) at different conditions, it was found that the LSCS exhibits better combustion performance and lower total particle emission characteristics compared to the TCDCS. The LSCS effectively reduces the particle number and mass concentrations by 8.7-62.4% and 15.2-55.6% respectively at various loads. The increase in particle concentration smaller than approximately 8 nm in the LSCS can be attributed to the higher temperature and more thorough fuel/air mixture.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maria Angelica Martins Costa, Bruna Sampaio de Mello, Airton dos Santos Olimpio Dias, Gabriela Donato, Kelly Johana Dussan, Arnaldo Sarti
Summary: The dry deposition flux of particles smaller than 2.5 μm was studied in agricultural and urban regions. The concentrations, size distributions, and chemical characterization of particulate matter (PM) were assessed and linked to emission sources. The concentrations of fine PM were associated with the highest number of wildfire outbreaks. Analysis of air mass trajectories and PM samples indicated that this pollutant might have originated from industries using biomass as fuel. The dominant water-soluble ions in coarse and fine particulates were nitrate, potassium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfate, and nitrate, respectively. The deposition fluxes of potassium, nitrate, and sulfate ions were higher during the sugarcane harvest than during the off-season.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wei Chen, Kaixu Li, Zhiqun Chen, MingWei Xia, Yingquan Chen, Haiping Yang, Xu Chen, Hanping Chen
Summary: Alkaline additives were found to promote the formation of biochar and gas products, while inhibiting the generation of bio-oil. The content of oxygen in biochar increased greatly, mainly consisting of -OH, -O?C = O, and -COOH groups. Additionally, alkaline additives were transformed into more stable structures (K2CO3, Na2CO3, CaO, and MgO).
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Energy & Fuels
Shurong Wang, Qiang Lu, Huiyan Zhang, Haoran Yuan, Haiping Yang, Chenguang Wang, Yun Yu, Kaige Wang
Article
Energy & Fuels
Youjian Zhu, Yiming Chen, Wei Cheng, Wennan Zhang, Junhao Hu, Kuo Zeng, Haiping Yang, Jingai Shao, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of three calcium phosphate additives on PM1 emissions from cornstalk combustion, with one additive showing promising potential in reducing PM1 emissions. The addition of Ca-3(PO4)(2) was found to be a potentially effective method in reducing PM1 emissions during straw biomass combustion.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wei Cheng, Youjian Zhu, Jing'ai Shao, Wennan Zhang, Guihao Wu, Hao Jiang, Junhao Hu, Zhen Huang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: A new phosphoric acid modification method was proposed to improve the reduction efficiency of PM0.2 by kaolin additive in agricultural biomass pellet combustion, significantly reducing PM0.2 emissions. The modification destroyed the internal structure of kaolin and increased its pore structure, leading to better alkali capture ability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qingfeng Che, Wei Yi, Yue Liu, Xianhua Wang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: Recent studies have shown that mesoporous ZSM-5 catalysts exhibit higher catalytic efficiency in converting biomass into renewable aromatic hydrocarbons compared to conventional microporous catalysts. The larger mesopores in the catalyst provide more channels for reactant transportation, leading to increased aromatics production, while the smaller mesopores facilitate multistage cracking and coke deposition. This research highlights the importance of mesoporous structure in improving the catalytic conversion efficiency of biomass and suggests future investigation into hierarchical mesopore structures.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jun Li, Zhe Xiong, Kuo Zeng, Dian Zhong, Xin Zhang, Wei Chen, Ange Nzihou, Gilles Flamant, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study analyzed the characteristics and evolution of nitrogen in heavy components of algae pyrolytic bio-oil, revealing that most heavy NCCs have a molecular weight in the range of 200-400 Da. Different compositions of NCCs were observed in lipid-rich, protein-rich, and carbohydrate-rich samples. As temperature increases, NCCs become more aromatic and contain less oxygen, while heavier NCCs decompose to form lighter compounds with more nitrogen atoms. Ultimately, strategies for high-quality bio-oil production involving NCCs were proposed.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Engineering, Environmental
Jun Li, Zhe Xiong, Kuo Zeng, Dian Zhong, Xin Zhang, Wei Chen, Ange Nzihou, Gilles Flamant, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chang Zhang, Jian Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Min Song, Xiao Huang, Wei Liu, Mo Xiong, Yingquan Chen, Sunwen Xia, Haiping Yang, Deli Wang
Summary: The electrochemical reduction of O-2 to produce H2O2 is a promising alternative to the anthraquinone process, and an efficient electrocatalyst with superior ORR activity and 2e(-) selectivity is in high demand. DGLC, synthesized from anthracite coal, exhibits excellent ORR activity, dominant 2e(-) selectivity, and high stability in H2O2 synthesis. The unique structure and composition of DGLC contribute to its exceptional electrocatalytic performance for H2O2 production.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuanyuan Wang, Ning Cai, Haiping Yang, Chunfei Wu
Summary: This study explores the application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) derived from waste plastics as fillers in epoxy resin. Through purification and modification, pCNTs were effectively dispersed in the EP matrix, resulting in improved mechanical properties compared to EP alone.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qiang Hu, Wei Cheng, Qiaoting Mao, Junhao Hu, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study characterized the physicochemical properties of chars produced from biomass pellet pyrolysis under different heating rates. The results showed that the heating rate had significant effects on the char yield, physical properties, chemical structure, and gasification reactivity, with some irregular patterns observed in certain properties.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wei Cheng, Jing'ai Shao, Youjian Zhu, Wennan Zhang, Hao Jiang, Junhao Hu, Xiong Zhang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: Torrefaction can improve fuel properties and reduce operating costs. However, the emission behavior of particulate matter (PM) during torrefied pellet combustion is still unknown. In this study, cotton stalks were torrefied at temperatures of 220-300°C with oxygen concentrations of 0-21%. The burned torrefied pellets were analyzed using a Dekati low-pressure impactor to investigate PM emission behavior. The results show that oxidative torrefaction leads to significant decreases in H/C and O/C ratios, making the fuel properties similar to coal. The heating value is greatly improved and sensitive to the torrefaction temperature. Both non-oxidative and oxidative torrefaction result in a considerable increase in PM10 yield. The main composition of PM1 changes from KCl to K2SO4 due to the release of chlorine during torrefaction. Additionally, the presence of oxygen facilitates the transformation of alkali and alkaline-earth metals into coarse particles, as indicated by the generally high levels of calcium and potassium in PM1-10. The optimal torrefaction conditions for producing high-quality torrefied cotton stalk pellets with high heating values and low PM emission in subsequent combustion applications are around 260°C with a low oxygen concentration of 0-6%.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wei Yang, Youjian Zhu, Yu Li, Wei Cheng, Wennan Zhang, Haiping Yang, Zhiwu Tan, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of co-combustion of rice husk with cotton stalk or cornstalk on PM emissions. The experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in PM1 yields during the co-combustion process. The synergistic effect of physical dilution and chemical reactions between alkali metals and Si-containing species in the ash contributes to the inhibition of fine particulate matter generation. The Si/(Ca+Mg) ratio in the ash chemistry, especially for rice husk/cornstalk, plays a crucial role in the degree of PM reduction.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongyang Zuo, Kuo Zeng, Dian Zhong, Jun Li, Huaqian Xu, Yongwen Lu, Wang Lu, Hongyu Zhou, Gilles Flamant, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: A new packed-bed reactor with thermal energy storage (TES) is developed to improve the efficiency of solar pyrolysis of biomass. The model is formulated using heat and mass transfer balances and chemical kinetics, and solved numerically. The analysis shows that coupling TES reduces solar energy consumption by over 16% and decreases temperature fluctuation on the absorption surface by over 300 K. The storage component also stabilizes the pyrolysis process and decreases the variation of char yield by up to 50%.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hao Jiang, Jing'ai Shao, Youjian Zhu, Jie Yu, Wei Cheng, Haiping Yang, Xiong Zhang, Hanping Chen
Summary: High-temperature pyrolysis of waste tires is a promising method for producing high-quality carbon black. The study examined the formation characteristics of carbon black during tire pyrolysis at different temperatures and residence times. It was found that the carbon black yield and graphitization degree increased with temperature and residence time. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the evolution process from tire to initial carbon black. The findings can contribute to the production of high-quality carbon black through waste tire pyrolysis.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Juping Liu, Xu Chen, Wei Chen, Mingwei Xia, Yingquan Chen, Hanping Chen, Kuo Zeng, Haiping Yang
Summary: The utilization of biomass for energy sustainability and carbon neutrality is crucial. Pyrolysis is an efficient process to convert biomass into fuel gas, liquid oil, and solid char. Understanding the mechanism of biomass pyrolysis is necessary for its valuable and efficient utilization. This review summarizes recent progress in biomass pyrolysis properties, process, and product upgrading strategies, with a focus on high-value liquid fuels and carbon-bearing materials.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
