Article
Plant Sciences
Amilcar Vargas, Pierce A. Paul, Jonell Winger, Christine Susan Balk, Meredith Eyre, Bruce Clevinger, Sarah Noggle, Anne E. Dorrance
Summary: Species of Phytophthora, Phytopythium, and Pythium have negative effects on soybean seed and seedlings, leading to decreased plant populations and yields. Oxathiapiprolin, an effective fungicide, can help manage foliar diseases caused by certain oomycetes. This study aimed to evaluate oxathiapiprolin in vitro, as well as its effectiveness as a soybean seed treatment on a moderately susceptible cultivar in different environments. It also compared the impact of seed treatment on plant populations and yields in environments with varying levels of precipitation. Results showed that oxathiapiprolin-treated soybean seeds had higher yields in environments with sufficient precipitation. Furthermore, the combination of oxathiapiprolin and another fungicide showed potential for protecting soybean plant establishment and yield in regions prone to poor drainage after heavy rainfall.
Article
Plant Sciences
Krystel A. Navarro-Acevedo, Saranga Wijeratne, Steve W. Culman, Maria-Soledad Benitez, Anne E. Dorrance
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the species diversity and abundance of Phytophthora, Phytopythium, and Pythium associated with soybean seedlings at different incubation temperatures in soils from fields with different histories of production practices. Results showed that the abundance of different species varied at different incubation temperatures.
PHYTOBIOMES JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Matej Panek, Ivana Strizkova
Summary: Twenty-five isolates of different fungal species isolated from strawberry plants in the Czech Republic were tested for pathogenicity, showing variability in virulence against different strawberry cultivars. Weak or no correlation was found between the size and frequency of lesions formed on the strawberry leaflets, with two independent resistance components related to penetration and post-penetration phase identified.
JOURNAL OF PLANT DISEASES AND PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Krystel A. Navarro, Saranga Wijeratne, Steve Culman, Maria-Soledad Benitez, Anne E. Dorrance
Summary: This study compared the roles of specific soybean cultivars with varying levels of resistance on the diversity and abundance of Phytophthora, Phytopythium, and Pythium spp. communities. The environment had the greatest influence on community composition, while soybean genotype was found to impact the abundance of the hemibiotroph Phytophthora sojae.
PHYTOBIOMES JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Mycology
Bruno Maltez Miraglia, Leonel Mendoza, Ram Rammohan, Luiza Vilela, Camila Vilela, Gabriella Vilela, Marianne Huebner, Rinosh Mani, Raquel Vilela
Summary: Early phylogenetic analysis of P. insidiosum revealed three monophyletic clusters, but recent studies identified additional clusters. This study identified a novel sub-cluster within the P. insidiosum complex, which has implications for the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of pythiosis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hana Dufkova, Miroslav Berka, Marie Greplova, Sarlota Shejbalova, Romana Hampejsova, Marketa Luklova, Jaroslava Domkarova, Jan Novak, Viktor Kopacka, Bretislav Brzobohaty, Martin Cerny
Summary: This study analyzed different genotypes of tomatoes by proteome and metabolome analysis, revealing the remodeling of leaf lipid metabolism under resistance against Phytophthora infestans. The analysis identified potential molecular markers and protein markers associated with resistance. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of resistance and offer novel targets for selective breeding.
Article
Mycology
Sevda Rezaei, Masoud Abrinbana, Youbert Ghosta
Summary: Phytopythium is a globally distributed genus, and this study identified two new species, P. babaiaharii and P. longitubum, along with several other species in West Azarbaijan Province. The research suggests that Phytopythium, especially plant-pathogenic species, are common in arable soils of the region and may pose a threat to agricultural crops.
Article
Agronomy
Milan Panth, Anthony Witcher, Fulya Baysal-Gurel
Summary: Management of plant diseases is a major concern for researchers and growers. Cover crops are being explored as an alternative strategy to chemicals for sustainable management of soilborne diseases. Studies have shown that certain cover crops such as triticale, ryegrass, millet, winter pea, and cowpea 'Iron and Clay' exhibit lower root rot disease severity and damping-off, making them potentially beneficial for nursery field production systems.
Article
Mycology
Caroline Quintana Braga, Angelita Milech, Carolina dos Santos Bermann, Lara Baccarin Ianiski, Paula Cristina Stibbe, Alessandra Bittencourt de Lemos, Josiane Bonel, Sonia de Avila Botton, Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
Summary: This study proposes a protocol to expose Culex quinquefasciatus to Pythium insidiosum zoospores and evaluates the susceptibility of Cx. quinquefasciatus in different growth stages to the pathogen. The results show that although the pathogen is present in the larval stages of Cx. quinquefasciatus, it is not detected in the eggs, pupae, and adults. This study provides a foundation for evaluating the interaction between P. insidiosum and Cx. quinquefasciatus and reveals the role of Cx. quinquefasciatus in expanding the ecological niche of P. insidiosum.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Kun Yang, Yi Wang, Hanqing Zhao, Danyu Shen, Daolong Dou, Maofeng Jing
Summary: A novel elicitin, PoEli8, from the mycoparasite Pythium oligandrum was found to enhance plant resistance to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici by activating plant immune responses.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
E. A. Barboza, C. S. Cabral, M. Rossato, F. H. S. R. Martins, A. Reis
Summary: This study identified six species of Pythium and two species of Phytopythium from weeds collected in Brazilian vegetable fields, demonstrating that common weeds in vegetable fields play an important role in the epidemiology of vegetable diseases.
LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Suchana R. Sarker, Jen McComb, Giles E. St. J. Hardy, Treena I. Burgess
Summary: More Phytophthora species can be detected from environmental samples using DNA metabarcoding compared to isolation by baiting. Baiting small volumes of non-bulked soil samples resulted in the recovery of more Phytophthora species than baiting large volumes of bulked soils. Metabarcoding of asymptomatic baits detected additional species that were not isolated from lesioned baits. The combination of baiting small samples and metabarcoding of asymptomatic baits yielded the highest number of total species detected.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yang Cheng, Huanxin Zhang, Wenyi Zhu, Qing Li, Rui Meng, Kun Yang, Ziqian Guo, Ying Zhai, Haijing Zhang, Rui Ji, Hao Peng, Daolong Dou, Maofeng Jing
Summary: Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. This study shows that ferroptosis plays a critical role in soybean resistance against Phytophthora sojae infection induced by the biocontrol agent Pythium oligandrum. The findings demonstrate that ferroptosis is an inducible defense mechanism against oomycete infection in soybean.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wei Hao, Helga Forster, James E. Adaskaveg
Summary: Phytophthora citrophthora, P. syringae, and P. nicotianae are causal agents of brown rot on citrus fruits in California. Potassium phosphite is used to manage the disease, but different isolates of the pathogens show varying levels of resistance to it. Pre- and postharvest treatments with different fungicides, such as oxathiapiprolin, are effective in controlling the disease caused by different isolates of the pathogens.
Article
Microbiology
Demetrio Marciano, Silvia Laura Toffolatti
Summary: To ensure agricultural sustainability, the development of new generation fungicides with high specificity and low environmental impact is crucial. However, there is a lack of clear and standardized high-throughput methodologies for screening active compounds against these pathogens.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Eoin O'Connor, Christopher J. Coates, Dan C. Eastwood, David A. Fitzpatrick, Helen Grogan
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
(2020)
Article
Mycology
Eoin O'Connor, Sean Doyle, Anica Amini, Helen Grogan, David A. Fitzpatrick
Summary: Cultivation of Agaricus bisporus is a significant horticultural industry for many countries, however, the MVX complex virus poses a serious threat to its crops. MVX affects the color and quality of fruit bodies significantly, and gene expression varies in different strains and inoculation times.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Nicola M. Moloney, Annemarie Larkin, Linan Xu, David A. Fitzpatrick, Holly L. Crean, Kieran Walshe, Hubertus Haas, Clemens Decristoforo, Sean Doyle
Summary: This study has developed a recombinant TAFC-specific monoclonal antibody with diagnostic potential for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), which is significant for both traditional and emerging patient groups (such as COVID-19).
ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Mycology
Joy Clarke, Helen Grogan, David Fitzpatrick, Kevin Kavanagh
Summary: The response of Cladobotryum mycophilum to a Bacillus velezensis isolate was evaluated in this study, indicating the potential of using it as a novel biocontrol agent for mushrooms.
Article
Zoology
Sassia Omar Regeai, David A. Fitzpatrick, Ann M. Burnell, Thomais Kakouli-Duarte
Summary: This study presents the complete mitochondrial genome of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, a biological control agent used in agriculture and horticulture to combat soil-dwelling insect pests. The genome consists of 12 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes, with a nucleotide composition high in A and T. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora has a unique gene arrangement, differing from that of Caenorhabditis elegans. The genome is larger than most chromadorean genomes due to the presence of five non-coding regions, with NCR5 being the likely AT-rich control region.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tayah Hopes, Karl Norris, Michaela Agapiou, Charley G. P. McCarthy, Philip A. Lewis, Mary J. O'Connell, Juan Fontana, Julie L. Aspden
Summary: Research has found heterogeneity in ribosomal protein composition across different tissues of Drosophila melanogaster, particularly in the testes and ovaries, which is achieved through paralog-enrichment and switching. The study also reveals differences in ribosomal arrangement and amino acid composition of paralog pairs between tissues, suggesting that paralog-switching may alter the ribosome surface and enable different proteins to regulate translation.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sara J. Hanson, Eoin O. Cinneide, Letal Salzberg, Kenneth H. Wolfe, Jamie McGowan, David A. Fitzpatrick, Kate Matlin
Summary: The study revealed low levels of nucleotide sequence diversity within the Ogataea polymorpha species complex, as well as identified chromosomal rearrangements within and between species. Additionally, an interspecies hybrid between O. polymorpha and O. parapolymorpha was discovered, with evidence of loss of heterozygosity following hybridization.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Paul Daly, Siqiao Chen, Taiqiang Xue, Jingjing Li, Taha Majid Mahmood Sheikh, Qimeng Zhang, Xuehai Wang, Jinfeng Zhang, David A. Fitzpatrick, Jamie McGowan, Xiujuan Shi, Sheng Deng, Min Jiu, Dongmei Zhou, Irina S. Druzhinina, Lihui Wei
Summary: Biological control is a promising method to suppress diseases caused by Pythium spp., with studies showing that a new isolate of P. oligandrum could antagonize the pathogen P. myriotylum. The interaction between these two species resulted in significant changes in gene expression, indicating a predatory interaction. Despite the host's defensive strategy response, P. oligandrum demonstrated strong control over soft-rot of ginger caused by P. myriotylum, making it a promising biocontrol agent. Dual-RNAseq approach highlighted features of a defensive response by the pathogen and suggested factors that may impact the success and durability of biological control methods.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Joy Clarke, Helen Grogan, David Fitzpatrick, Kevin Kavanagh
Summary: This study assessed the effectiveness of two Bacillus velezensis strains against Lecanicillium fungicola and investigated the pathogen's proteomic response. The results showed that both strains inhibited the growth of L. fungicola and damaged its hyphal morphology and structure. Specific proteins showed changes in abundance in the treated samples, while stress response-related proteins increased. This study revealed the potential of B. velezensis strains as biocontrol agents.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Paul Daly, Dongmei Zhou, Danyu Shen, Yifan Chen, Taiqiang Xue, Siqiao Chen, Qimeng Zhang, Jinfeng Zhang, Jamie McGowan, Feng Cai, Guan Pang, Nan Wang, Taha Majid Mahmood Sheikh, Sheng Deng, Jingjing Li, Huseyin Okan Soykam, Irem Kara, David A. Fitzpatrick, Irina S. Druzhinina, Gunseli Bayram Akcapinar, Lihui Wei
Summary: The study reveals that the necrotrophic Pythium myriotylum has a larger number of virulence factor-related genes compared to other Pythium plant pathogens. The genome and transcriptome analysis show that gene expansion of virulence factor-related genes plays a bigger role in the plant parasitism of Pythium spp., providing insights for the management of P. myriotylum-caused disease.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sean Doyle, Daragh D. Cuskelly, Niall Conlon, David A. Fitzpatrick, Ciara B. Gilmartin, Sophia H. Dix, Gary W. Jones
Summary: This study demonstrates that complete biosynthesis of EGT can be achieved in S. cerevisiae through recombinant expression of the Aspergillus fumigatus egtA gene, providing a convenient approach for biotechnological and biomedical applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter O. Mulhair, Charley G. P. McCarthy, Karen Siu-Ting, Christopher J. Creevey, Mary J. O'Connell
Summary: Conflicting studies have placed the Xenacoelomorpha in two different positions within the animal tree, either as the primary emerging bilaterian phylum or within Deuterostomia. Recent studies also question the monophyly of Deuterostomia. Hidden paralogy and low phylogenetic signal are challenges in reconstructing species phylogenies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charley G. P. McCarthy, Peter O. Mulhair, Karen Siu-Ting, Christopher J. Creevey, Mary J. O'Connell
Summary: There is conflicting evidence regarding whether sponges or comb jellies are at the root of the animal phylogeny, and dataset size, construction, and model fit all influence animal root inference.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ozlem Sarikaya Bayram, Ozgur Bayram, Betim Karahoda, Cindy Meister, Anna M. Kohler, Sabine Thieme, Nadia Elramli, Dean Frawley, Jamie McGowan, David A. Fitzpatrick, Kerstin Schmitt, Leandro Jose de Assis, Oliver Valerius, Gustavo H. Goldman, Gerhard H. Braus
Summary: F-box proteins play important roles in coordinating fungal development and secondary metabolism by controlling subcellular accumulations and degradation of key regulatory proteins.
Article
Mycology
Celine Petersen, Trine Sorensen, Mikkel R. Nielsen, Teis E. Sondergaard, Jens L. Sorensen, David A. Fitzpatrick, Jens C. Frisvad, Kare L. Nielsen
Summary: In this study, researchers sequenced 93 Penicillium isolates and established a species phylogeny and pangenome. They found that approximately half of the genes are shared among 98 or more isolates. They also discovered 15 lateral gene transfer events that have played a role in the evolution and adaptation of these fungi. This comprehensive characterization of the Penicillium genus surpasses single-reference genomes and captures the genetic variation.