Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yun Yang, Lixin Wu, Ying Guo, Bolan Gan, Wenju Cai, Gang Huang, Xichen Li, Tao Geng, Zhao Jing, Shujun Li, Xi Liang, Shang-Ping Xie
Summary: The variability of North Tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature, influenced by El Nino-Southern Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation, may intensify under greenhouse warming, leading to increased occurrences of extreme events.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chao Zhang, Anmin Duan, Xiaojing Jia, Jun Hu, Shizuo Liu
Summary: This study reveals a physical connection between the antiphase variation in the preceding autumn Tibetan Plateau and Lake Baikal snow cover anomalies and the following winter North Atlantic Oscillation. It provides new insights into the formation and projection of winter NAO from the perspective of subtropical and extratropical Eurasia snow.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chao Zhang, Anmin Duan, Xiaojing Jia, Jun Hu, Shizuo Liu
Summary: This paper reveals a physical connection between the antiphase variation in the preceding autumn Tibetan Plateau (TP) and Lake Baikal snow cover anomalies (TBSA) and the following winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The antiphase TBSA has a dipole structure in autumn and prolongs into the following winter, contributing to the formation of a double wave train structure spanning the TP and North Atlantic. The circulation anomalies over the North Atlantic extract more energy from the basic flow, leading to the evolution of the winter NAO pattern.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaowei Hong, Riyu Lu, Shangfeng Chen, Shuanglin Li
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the summer North Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO) and the Silk Road pattern (SRP) and classifies the SNAO into two categories: strongly linked and weakly linked. It finds that the strongly linked SNAO is associated with precipitation and wind anomalies in northwestern Europe, leading to the formation of the SRP. The study also discusses the interdecadal correspondence between SNAO and SRP and finds similar results.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruiqiang Ding, Hyacinth C. Nnamchi, Jin-Yi Yu, Tim Li, Cheng Sun, Jianping Li, Yu-Heng Tseng, Xichen Li, Fei Xie, Juan Feng, Kai Ji, Xumin Li
Summary: The connection between the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events varies considerably over multidecadal timescales and is mainly controlled by the multidecadal variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). During the positive phase of the NAO, the NTA impact on ENSO is amplified due to strengthening of precipitation over the equatorial Atlantic and enhancement of the persistence of NTA SST anomalies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yurong Hou, Nathaniel C. Johnson, Chueh-Hsin Chang, Weijun Sun, Kai Man, Yujie Miao, Xichen Li
Summary: In recent decades, cold winters and springs over mid-latitude North America have been occurring frequently, contrary to the anthropogenic global warming trend. This study investigates the teleconnection between tropical oceans and North America, revealing that an anomalous tropical Atlantic warming can trigger a cold spring over central-western mid-latitude North America. The mechanisms revealed in this study have important implications for the predictability of cold springs over North America and various sectors such as agriculture, power supply, and public health.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lingfeng Tao, Jiabei Fang, Xiu-Qun Yang, Xuguang Sun, Danping Cai, Yu Wang
Summary: This study proposes a mechanism for the mid-winter reversal of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) from the perspective of local midlatitude air-sea interaction. It reveals the important role of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the reversal of NAO. The study finds that NAO induces SSTAs in early winter, which then feedback on the atmospheric circulation in late winter, resulting in the reversal of NAO. This reversal has significant impacts on air temperature anomalies in Europe and the Caspian Sea area.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yuepeng Hu, Botao Zhou, Tingting Han, Huixin Li, Huijun Wang
Summary: Using the S-EOF analysis, this study finds an in-phase change of drought from spring to summer in Northeast China, associated with geopotential height anomalies around Lake Baikal. The study also shows that the spring NAO plays a significant role in the in-phase change of spring-summer droughts over Northeast China, through the combined effects of zonal wave train and central Siberian soil moisture. These findings contribute to a better understanding of drought in Northeast China and have implications for disaster prevention and mitigation.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shuai Hu, Tianjun Zhou, Bo Wu
Summary: The summer North Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO) is an important climate signal in regulating the interannual variability of summer rainfall in the Tibetan Plateau. The formation processes of the SNAO-related summer rainfall anomaly in the southeastern and northeastern TP have fundamental differences. Anomalous vertical and horizontal moisture advection make the largest contributions to the summer rainfall anomaly in the southeastern and northeastern TP, respectively.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shaohua Chen, Haikun Zhao, Philp J. Klotzbach, Graciela B. Raga, Jian Cao, Chao Wang
Summary: This study reveals distinct decadal regimes in the impact of transbasin variability (TBV) on tropical cyclone frequency (TCF) over the Western North Pacific, Central-Eastern North Pacific, and North Atlantic basins. Changes in the interannual relationship between TBV and TCF are observed over different time periods, likely influenced by large-scale parameters. The interactions between ENSO and the Pacific decadal oscillation are believed to play a role in these observed decadal changes.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Ana Filipa Silva, Barbara Horta E. Costa, Jose Lino Costa, Esmeralda Pereira, Joao Pedro Marques, Joao J. Castro, Pedro G. Lino, Ana Candeias-Mendes, Pedro Pousao-Ferreira, Ines Sousa, Luis Bentes, Jorge M. S. Goncalves, Pedro Raposo de Almeida, Bernardo Ruivo Quintella
Summary: This study used acoustic biotelemetry to evaluate the feasibility of restocking hatchery-reared adult dusky groupers in no-take areas of a Portuguese Marine Protected Area. The results showed that none of the tagged groupers settled in the no-take areas, instead leaving mainly at dusk and night. Some individual groupers exhibited extended movements along the Portuguese coast, which is unusual for this species.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jia Wu, Song Yang, Chundi Hu, Junbin Wang, Qiaoling Ren
Summary: In recent decades, a novel Pacific-Atlantic seesaw/oscillation influences the sea level pressure anomalies over the northern subtropical region, mainly induced by North Tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies. This impacts the circulation and convection activities, with implications for early prediction of climate patterns.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rafael Almeida Magris
Summary: This study evaluates the effectiveness of large-scale MPAs in the offshore areas of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, with contrasting results for multiple-use MPAs in SPSP and TMV regions. While SPSP experienced a reduction in fishing intensity and area, TMV saw an increase in both measures. On the other hand, inverted patterns were observed for the no-take MPAs, with SPSP showing an increase in fishing density post-implementation and TMV displaying a decrease. These findings contribute to understanding the implications and challenges of adopting large-scale MPAs for ocean conservation.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Willians C. Niz, Ivan R. A. Laurino, Debora M. de Freitas, Fernanda A. Rolim, Fabio S. Motta, Guilherme H. Pereira-Filho
Summary: Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are crucial for maintaining ocean ecological processes and associated ecosystem services. This study assesses the potential risks for habitats and recreational activities in a subtropical MPA, focusing on the Queimada Grande Island in southeastern Brazil. The study finds that the coral reef and its adjacent habitats provide important cultural ecosystem services but are also at high risk of impact. The effective management scenario is found to be the application of regulations present in the MPA management plan.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Letter
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Huanping Huang, William D. Collins, Christina M. Patricola, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Paul A. Ullrich, Alexander J. Baker
Summary: This research examines the impact of Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) on global tropical cyclones (TCs) using idealized climate model simulations. The results show that TC frequency in the North Atlantic increases significantly under warmer sea surface temperature, higher humidity, increased vorticity, and weaker vertical wind shear conditions associated with AMV+. Conversely, TC occurrence decreases in the western North Pacific and South Pacific due to stronger wind shear and lower humidity associated with AMV+. The contrasting responses are attributed to the strengthened Walker Circulation between the Atlantic and Pacific.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
L. H. De Clippele, L. Rovelli, B. Ramiro-Sanchez, G. Kazanidis, J. Vad, S. Turner, R. N. Glud, J. M. Roberts
Summary: This study focused on two dominant ecosystem engineers at the Mingulay Reef Complex, calculating biomass, carbon stock, and turnover using a combination of biological, environmental, and ecosystem function data. Predictive mapping of the whole-reef live coral and sponge biomass was conducted, revealing their significant contributions to carbon turnover. The study emphasizes the importance of monitoring and managing surface primary productivity for the conservation of cold-water coral reef ecosystems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sierra Ison, Theo Ison, Patricia Marti-Puig, Katherine Needham, Michael K. Tanner, J. Murray Roberts
Summary: Seamounts provide oases of hard substrate in the deep sea that enhance biological productivity and diversity, but the management of these habitats is hindered by limited ecological understanding and public awareness of the pressures they face. Tourists' perceptions of seamount biodiversity are crucial as they play a key role in the Galapagos economy.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Telmo Morato, Christopher K. Pham, Laurence Fauconnet, Gerald H. Taranto, Giovanni Chimienti, Erik Cordes, Carlos Dominguez-Carrio, Pablo Duran Munoz, Hronn Egilsdottir, Jose-Manuel Gonzalez-Irusta, Anthony Grehan, Dierk Hebbeln, Lea-Anne Henry, Georgios Kazanidis, Ellen Kenchington, Lenaick Menot, Tina N. Molodtsova, Covadonga Orejas, Berta Ramiro-Sanchez, Manuela Ramos, J. Murray Roberts, Luis Rodrigues, Steve W. Ross, Jose L. Rueda, Mar Sacau, David Stirling, Marina Carreiro-Silva
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Georgios Kazanidis, Lea-Anne Henry, J. Murray Roberts
Summary: The study investigated the associations between macrofaunal hosts and epifauna in cold-water coral reefs, revealing higher diversity and richness in bivalve, tunicate, and empty polychaete tube associations. The morphology and characteristics of hosts explained a significant amount of variability in epifauna community composition. Epifaunal species richness and diversity indices were higher in associations compared to total sessile communities on coral framework. The study suggests that habitat suppliers like bivalves, tunicates, and empty polychaete tubes play a key role in enhancing biodiversity through habitat cascades in cold-water coral reefs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Magali Combes, Sandrine Vaz, Anthony Grehan, Telmo Morato, Sophie Arnaud-Haond, Carlos Dominguez-Carrio, Alan Fox, Jose Manuel Gonzalez-Irusta, David Johnson, Oisin Callery, Andrew Davies, Laurence Fauconnet, Ellen Kenchington, Covadonga Orejas, J. Murray Roberts, Gerald Taranto, Lenaick Menot
Summary: The study aims to establish a framework for systematic conservation planning applicable to the deep sea, focusing on identifying priority conservation networks for vulnerable marine ecosystems and key demersal fish species.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
C. Gabriela Mayorga-Adame, Jeff A. Polton, Alan D. Fox, Lea-Anne Henry
Summary: This study investigated the dispersal and connectivity patterns of species in offshore oil and gas structures in the North Sea. The researchers found that particles dispersed an average of 32 km away from their origins after 5 days, with considerable spatial variability and limited seasonal variations. Shorter pelagic larval durations generated highly connected networks over smaller spatial scales, while longer durations generated less fragmented networks covering a larger area.
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Uwe Wolfram, Marta Pena Fernandez, Samuel McPhee, Ewan Smith, Rainer J. Beck, Jonathan D. Shephard, Ali Ozel, Craig S. Erskine, Janina Buscher, Jurgen Titschack, J. Murray Roberts, Sebastian J. Hennige
Summary: Ocean acidification threatens deep-sea corals, leading to rapid loss of their reef habitat. Through experiments and models, we found that cold-water corals have remarkable mechanical properties, with strength surpassing concrete and nacre. Despite future oceanic conditions, their strength remains, albeit with reduced stiffness. Our models demonstrate how increased porosity increases the risk of coral habitat destruction. These findings aid conservation and management efforts for vulnerable marine ecosystems.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Georgios Kazanidis, Adriano Guido, Antonietta Rosso, Rossana Sanfilippo, J. Murray Roberts, Vasilis Gerovasileiou
Summary: This study provides the first insight into the role of epibiosis and the 'habitat cascades' phenomenon in enhancing structural heterogeneity and biodiversity in remote and difficult-to-access biogenic habitats, such as cold-water coral reefs and marine caves. It acts as a stepping-stone for further exploration of 'habitat cascades' in habitats where scientific knowledge about this phenomenon is limited.
Editorial Material
Fisheries
Mark Dickey-Collas, Jason S. Link, Paul Snelgrove, J. Murray Roberts, M. Robin Anderson, Ellen Kenchington, Alida Bundy, Margaret M. (Peg) Brady, Rebecca L. Shuford, Howard Townsend, Anna Rindorf, Murray A. Rudd, David Johnson, Ellen Johannesen
Summary: The United States, the EU, and Canada formed a working group to study the effects of the ecosystem approach to ocean health and stressors in the Atlantic Ocean. The group found that ecosystem-based management can bring new benefits and opportunities, and emphasized the need to integrate human dimensions and engage stakeholders for sustainable development.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Johanne Vad, Laura Duran Suja, Stephen Summers, Theodore B. B. Henry, J. Murray Roberts
Summary: This study examines the impact of oil and dispersant on sponge holobionts and finds that the host sponge exhibits detoxification and immune responses, while the bacterial symbionts adapt to the changing environment by altering metabolic pathways. Additionally, evidence of hydrocarbon degradation by sponge symbionts is found, but even low concentrations of hydrocarbons can lead to sponge mortality.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Kelsey Archer Barnhill, J. Murray Roberts, Isla Myers-Smith, Mathew Williams, Kyle G. Dexter, Casey Ryan, Uwe Wolfram, Sebastian J. Hennige
Summary: The importance of dead matter in climate change and its role in ecosystem form and function has been overlooked. It is crucial to explicitly include its persistence or degradation in models considering ecosystem futures in a rapidly changing world.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Neil J. Fraser, Stuart A. Cunningham, Lewis A. Drysdale, Mark E. Inall, Clare Johnson, Sam C. Jones, Kristin Burmeister, Alan D. Fox, Estelle Dumont, Marie Porter, N. Penny Holliday
Summary: The Rockall Trough is a crucial pathway for warm and salty water flow in the North Atlantic, which greatly influences the climate of western Europe. However, the amount of water flowing northward and its temporal changes are still uncertain. In this study, a continuous observational campaign and glider transects were used to investigate the circulation and variability of the Rockall Trough. The results reveal the impact of a large-scale freshening event and provide unprecedented details of the Eastern Slope Current, showing the presence of a southward countercurrent at depth.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sam C. Jones, Neil J. Fraser, Stuart A. Cunningham, Alan D. Fox, Mark E. Inall
Summary: The study presents a novel climatology of the subpolar gyre boundary in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). The geostrophic flow out of the subpolar gyre is found to be widespread along the boundary, with reversed flow into the gyre around western Greenland. The surface Ekman forcing drives seasonal variability in the overturning of the subpolar gyre.
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. Murray Roberts, Colin W. Devey, Arne Biastoch, Marina Carreiro-Silva, Tina Dohna, Boris Dorschel, Vikki Gunn, Veerle A. I. Huvenne, David Johnson, Didier Jollivet, Ellen Kenchington, Kate Larkin, Marjolaine Matabos, Telmo Morato, Malik S. Naumann, Covadonga Orejas, J. Angel A. Perez, Stefan A. Ragnarsson, Albertus J. Smit, Andrew Sweetman, Sebastian Unger, Benjamin Boteler, Lea-Anne Henry
Summary: Ocean ecosystems are facing climate and biodiversity crises, and there is a lack of unified approach to assess their state and inform sustainable policies. This blueprint emphasizes research capabilities and cross-sectoral partnerships, and highlights priorities including integrating observation, modeling, and genomic approaches, improving ecosystem mapping, identifying potential tipping points, understanding compound impacts of multiple stressors, and enhancing spatial and temporal management and protection. International cooperation and funding are crucial to support science-led policies that conserve ocean ecosystems and transcend jurisdictional borders.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Alan D. Fox, Patricia Handmann, Christina Schmidt, Neil Fraser, Siren Ruehs, Alejandra Sanchez-Franks, Torge Martin, Marilena Oltmanns, Clare Johnson, Willi Rath, N. Penny Holliday, Arne Biastoch, Stuart A. Cunningham, Igor Yashayaev
Summary: Observations in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic in the 2010s indicate significant freshening and cooling of the upper ocean, primarily due to reduced surface heat loss in the Labrador Sea. This leads to increased outflow of relatively fresh and cold surface waters from the Labrador Sea, which has the main effect on the freshening and cooling. Increased recirculation in the upper layers of the subpolar gyre also contributes to the increased volume of lighter water transported out of the Labrador Sea.