Article
Physiology
Marina B. Blanco, Lydia K. Greene, Laura N. Ellsaesser, Cathy V. Williams, Catherine A. Ostrowski, Megan M. Davison, Kay Welser, Peter H. Klopfer
Summary: Dwarf lemurs, as the only obligate hibernators among primates, exhibit distinct glucose and insulin dynamics during the feast-fast cycle, and their metabolic processes have implications for understanding hibernating mammals.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
G. C. Gotti, M. Kikhia, V. Wuntke, L. A. Hasam-Henderson, B. Wu, J. R. P. Geiger, R. Kovacs
Summary: The study explores a novel strategy to identify metabolically active interneurons, finding that most metabolically active FS cells belong to the non-accommodating AP-firing category. Enhancing spontaneous neuronal activity leads to increased DCF oxidation in interneurons.
Article
Microbiology
Tiffany M. Newman, Carol A. Shively, Thomas C. Register, Susan E. Appt, Hariom Yadav, Rita R. Colwell, Brian Fanelli, Manoj Dadlani, Karlis Graubics, Uyen Thao Nguyen, Sivapriya Ramamoorthy, Beth Uberseder, Kenysha Y. J. Clear, Adam S. Wilson, Kimberly D. Reeves, Mark C. Chappell, Janet A. Tooze, Katherine L. Cook
Summary: The study indicates that diet plays a major role in gut bacterial diversity, but changes in the abundance of specific bacterial taxa should be considered in conjunction with both diet and obesity. Interestingly, the presence of P. copri appears to be linked to metabolic dysfunction in Western diet-fed NHPs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joseph C. Boktor, Mark D. Adame, Destanie R. Rose, Cynthia M. Schumann, Karl D. Murray, Melissa D. Bauman, Milo Careaga, Sarkis K. Mazmanian, Paul Ashwood, Brittany D. Needham
Summary: This study explored the metabolic profiles of rhesus monkeys exposed to maternal immune activation (MIA) as a model for neurodevelopmental disorders. The results revealed differences in lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism between MIA-exposed offspring and control samples, with correlations to behavior scores and cytokine levels. Modest changes in fecal and intestinal microbial profiles were also observed, along with differential metabolomic profiles within males and females.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chun Lum Andy Ho, Claudia Fichtel, Daniel Huber
Summary: The gray mouse lemur is considered an ideal model system for studying early primate physiology and behavior, sharing similar ecological niches and anatomical traits with early euprimates. Studies have shown that mouse lemurs have cognitive abilities and cortical functional organization comparable to haplorhines. Their small brain size provides actual lower limits for miniaturization of functional brain circuits within the primate clade.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Chen, Rohit Mahar, Matthew E. Merritt, David L. Denlinger, Daniel A. Hahn
Summary: Metabolic suppression is a key feature of animal dormancy, helping animals save energy. Previous studies have shown that periodic arousal is driven by an increase in aerobic metabolism, with predictable fluctuations in molecules related to energy metabolism during these cycles. ROS signaling regulates periodic arousal by changing the activity of critical metabolic enzymes, suggesting its potential importance in regulating other metabolic cycles during dormancy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Runlan Lin, Jiahao Wu, Ziyi You, Dongjie Xu, Caiyan Li, Wei Wang, Guoying Qian
Summary: This study examined the changes in histone expression and methylation during hibernation induction in Pelodiscus sinensis (P. sinensis). The results suggested that histone methylation may activate gene transcription during hibernation induction, and specific histone methyltransferase and demethyltransferase genes were differentially expressed. These findings contribute to our understanding of the physiological metabolism and histone methylation regulation in P. sinensis during hibernation induction.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheng-Wei Wu, Kenneth B. Storey
Summary: Studies have shown that mTOR is a key signaling molecule in regulating animal entry into a hypometabolic state as a survival strategy in response to environmental stress. Across different natural hypometabolic states, mTOR exhibits unique regulatory patterns in an environmental stressor-dependent manner, playing a crucial role in promoting animal survival.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Jankovic, Andjelika Kalezic, Aleksandra Korac, Biljana Buzadzic, Kenneth B. Storey, Bato Korac
Summary: This article discusses how hibernating animals survive by utilizing adaptive responses such as lowering body temperature and metabolic suppression, and how their tissues and organs sustain no damage during hibernation. Discovering the molecular mechanisms behind these hibernation processes can provide insights not only into hibernation itself, but also into complex medical conditions and overcoming limitations in space travel.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susana P. Pereira, Mariana S. Diniz, Ludgero C. Tavares, Teresa Cunha-Oliveira, Cun Li, Laura A. Cox, Mark J. Nijland, Peter W. Nathanielsz, Paulo J. Oliveira
Summary: This study investigates the detectability of in utero fetal cardiac mitochondrial programming in early-stage IUGR pregnancy using a nonhuman primate model. The results show that early fetal responses to IUGR can be detected and that in utero cardiac mitochondrial adaptations are already present at this early stage. These adaptations affect the expression of oxidative phosphorylation subunits and may play a role in offspring's mitochondrial dysfunction and increased predisposition to cardiovascular disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Margarete Diaz-Cuadros, Teemu P. Miettinen, Owen S. Skinner, Dylan Sheedy, Carlos Manlio Diaz-Garcia, Svetlana Gapon, Alexis Hubaud, Gary Yellen, Scott R. Manalis, William M. Oldham, Olivier Pourquie
Summary: Animals display inter-species variation in embryonic development rates, with differences in biochemical reaction rates being thought responsible for species-specific rates. This study establishes an in vitro system using pluripotent stem cells to simulate the twofold difference in developmental rates between mouse and human embryos. The mass-specific metabolic rates were found to scale with developmental rate, higher in mouse cells than in human cells. Manipulating metabolic rates could control developmental rate and have translational applications.
Article
Neurosciences
Iyo Koyanagi, Kazuhiro Sonomura, Toshie Naoi, Takaaki Ohnishi, Naoko Kaneko, Kazunobu Sawamoto, Taka-Aki Sato, Masanori Sakaguchi
Summary: The study used a metabolomics approach to investigate memory processing during sleep, revealing significant changes in metabolites in the dentate gyrus of mice during sleep-wake states. Changes in purine metabolism were observed during both sleep and contextual fear memory consolidation, suggesting the importance of purine metabolism in fear memory processing.
Article
Zoology
Daniel Hending, Heriniaina Randrianarison, Niaina Nirina Mahefa Andriamavosoloarisoa, Christina Ranohatra-Hending, James Sedera Solofondranohatra, Haja Roger Tongasoa, Daniel Hending, Heriniaina Randrianarison, Niaina Nirina Mahefa Andriamavosoloarisoa, Christina Ranohatra-Hending, James Sedera Solofondranohatra, Haja Roger Tongasoa, Herinirina Tahina Ranarison, Victoria Gehrke, Natacha Andrianirina, Marc Holderied, Grainne McCabe, Sam Cotton
Summary: The encounter rates of dwarf lemurs in northwest Madagascar vary between wet and dry seasons, with higher rates during the wet season and lower rates from May to August. These findings provide some insight into the hibernation patterns of dwarf lemurs in Sahamalaza-Iles Radama National Park.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clement M. Garin, Marc Dhenain
Summary: Non-human primates, such as mouse lemurs, play a crucial role in understanding the biological mechanisms of aging. By using functional MRI, researchers measured the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (BOLD) to indirectly reflect neural activity and glucose metabolism. The study found that aging led to alterations in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in specific brain regions, including somatosensory areas and the parietal cortex.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Hanwen Cao, Yongpeng Shi, Ji Wang, Zhanyu Niu, Li Wei, Huabing Tian, Feifei Yu, Lan Gao
Summary: This study examined the responses of the gut microbiota of Strauchbufo raddei to environmental changes associated with hibernation. Hibernation significantly reduced the diversity of the microbiota and altered the microbial community in the gut. Certain bacterial genera could be used as biomarkers to distinguish hibernating and non-hibernating S. raddei.
INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrew D. Krystal, Aurelia Mittoux, Annika Lindsten, Ross A. Baker
Summary: The study indicates that adjunctive brexpiprazole may help correct circadian dysfunction in patients with MDD. The phase angle between peak cortisol and DLMO could be a potential biomarker for depression and therapeutic response.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katherine W. Scangos, Ghassan S. Makhoul, Leo P. Sugrue, Edward F. Chang, Andrew D. Krystal
Summary: Deep brain stimulation shows promise in treating severe depression, but questions about anatomical targeting remain. A study implanting intracranial electrodes in a depressed patient found rapid, reproducible emotional responses that were context and state dependent, providing proof of concept for personalized, circuit-specific medicine in psychiatry.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica R. Lunsford-Avery, Jack D. Edinger, Andrew D. Krystal
Summary: The study found that using all available NREM epochs in computing Delta Decline is the best method for minimizing the effects of missing data. Insomnia patients displayed slower Delta Decline rates compared to healthy controls, suggesting a potential indicator of insomnia.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Neurosciences
Diego A. Pizzagalli, Moria Smoski, Yuen-Siang Ang, Alexis E. Whitton, Gerard Sanacora, Sanjay J. Mathew, John Nurnberger, Sarah H. Lisanby, Dan V. Iosifescu, James W. Murrough, Hongqiu Yang, Richard D. Weiner, Joseph R. Calabrese, Wayne Goodman, William Z. Potter, Andrew D. Krystal
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer N. Felder, Elissa S. Epel, John Neuhaus, Andrew D. Krystal, Aric A. Prather
Summary: The study examines the effects of digital cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) during pregnancy on subjective sleep outcomes, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. The findings suggest that dCBT-I can improve postpartum insomnia remission rates and reduce the incidence of insomnia. Additionally, dCBT-I shows significant improvements in depressive and anxiety symptom severity, particularly among patients with minimal depressive symptoms at baseline.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
J. Todd Arnedt, M. Elizabeth Cardoni, Deirdre A. Conroy, Mandilyn Graham, Sajni Amin, Kipling M. Bohnert, Andrew D. Krystal, Mark A. Ilgen
Summary: This trial aims to compare the effects of telemedicine-delivered CBT for insomnia (CBT-TM) and sleep hygiene education (SHE-TM) on improving insomnia/sleep, daytime symptoms, and drinking outcomes in treatment-seeking adults with AUD and insomnia. The study will also examine the impact of treatment on sleep mechanisms and their association with clinical outcomes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica R. Lunsford-Avery, Jack D. Edinger, Andrew D. Krystal
Summary: Sleep EEG factors, such as overnight delta decline and initial delta peak, contribute significantly to psychomotor functioning in adults with insomnia and healthy controls. These factors, along with sleep duration and continuity, support cognitive restoration during sleep and daytime functioning.
NATURE AND SCIENCE OF SLEEP
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Emerson M. Wickwire, Jennifer S. Albrecht, Vincent F. Capaldi, Sonia O. Jain, Raquel C. Gardner, J. Kent Werner, Pratik Mukherjee, Ashlee B. McKeon, Michael T. Smith, Joseph T. Giacino, Lindsay D. Nelson, Scott G. Williams, Jacob Collen, Xiaoying Sun, David M. Schnyer, Amy J. Markowitz, Geoffrey T. Manley, Andrew D. Krystal
Summary: This study identifies unique trajectories of insomnia in adults after traumatic brain injury (TBI) using latent class mixed models (LCMM). The results show that there is heterogeneity in the course of insomnia after TBI, with different trajectory classes including persistent mild insomnia, initially mild insomnia that resolves over time, persistent severe insomnia, initially severe insomnia that resolves by 12 months, and initially no insomnia symptoms but develop severe symptoms by 12 months. Factors such as female sex, Black race, history of psychiatric illness, and intracranial injury are significantly associated with insomnia trajectory class membership.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katherine W. Scangos, Ghassan S. Makhoul, Leo P. Sugrue, Edward F. Chang, Andrew D. Krystal
Article
Psychiatry
Andrew D. Krystal, Ruth M. Benca, Russell Rosenberg, Paula K. Schweitzer, Atul Malhotra, Kimberly Babson, Lawrence Lee, Shay Bujanover, Kingman P. Strohl
Summary: This study compares the effects of solriamfetol treatment on excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in individuals with and without a history of depression. The findings show that depression history does not affect the safety and efficacy of solriamfetol in treating EDS associated with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Additionally, the study highlights the high prevalence of depression in individuals with sleep disorders and suggests the importance of recognizing this association in a clinical setting.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Kristin K. Sellers, Noah Stapper, Daniela A. Astudillo Maya, Catherine Henderson, Ankit N. Khambhati, Joline M. Fan, Vikram R. Rao, Katherine W. Scangos, Edward F. Chang, Andrew D. Krystal
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. Neill Epperson, David R. Rubinow, Samantha Meltzer-Brody, Kristina M. Deligiannidis, Robert Riesenberg, Andrew D. Krystal, Kemi Bankole, Ming-Yi Huang, Haihong Li, Colville Brown, Stephen J. Kanes, Robert Lasser
Summary: The study demonstrates that Brexanolone is associated with rapid improvement in depressive symptoms and symptoms of anxiety and insomnia compared with placebo in women with postpartum depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Charles M. Morin, Suzanne M. Bertisch, Rafael Pelayo, Nathaniel F. Watson, John W. Winkelman, Phyllis C. Zee, Andrew D. Krystal
Summary: Insomnia is a significant public health problem that is often undiagnosed and untreated. Treatment practices are not always evidence-based, particularly when insomnia coexists with anxiety or depression. There is a gap between current clinical practices and evidence-based guidelines, highlighting the need for more awareness and distinct treatment of insomnia from comorbid psychiatric conditions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Russell P. Rosenberg, Andrew D. Krystal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael Darden, Colin A. Espie, Jenna R. Carl, Alasdair L. Henry, Jennifer C. Kanady, Andrew D. Krystal, Christopher B. Miller
Summary: The study found that fully automated digital cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most cost-effective treatment for insomnia in the United States, followed by group CBT, pharmacotherapy, and individual CBT. Utilizing automated digital CBT to treat insomnia at a population scale is financially prudent and beneficial from a societal perspective.