Article
Geography, Physical
Emmanuel Chapron, Anthony Foucher, Leo Chassiot, Wender Fleurdeus, Victor Arricau, Laurent Perdereaux, Isabelle Gay-Ovejero, Marlene Lavrieux, Mikael Motelica-Heino, Sebastien Salvador-Blanes
Summary: Geophysical surveys and sediment studies in the lakes of the northern French Massif Central reveal abrupt environmental changes during the Late Holocene. The research suggests that a cluster of earthquakes triggered landslides and sediment changes in the lakes, indicating a relationship between earthquakes and lake formation.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Peter C. Almond, Kelvin Berryman, Pilar Villamor, Stuart Read, Brent A. Alloway, Philip Tonkin
Summary: The study examined alluvial fans formed at the steep range front of the Southern Alps in Te Taho, New Zealand. It revealed four episodes of aggradation since 1000 CE, which are linked to earthquake cycles. These findings have significant implications for regional tourism and agriculture.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Elizabeth D. Keller, Timothy W. Hilton, Adrian Benson, Sapthala Karalliyadda, Shanju Xie, Kevin R. Gurney, Jocelyn C. Turnbull
Summary: This article introduces a detailed, spatially and temporally resolved CO2 emissions data product for Auckland, New Zealand, which can be used for developing emission reduction policies and guiding zero carbon pathways.
GEOSCIENCE DATA JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. R. Blagen, T. R. H. Davies, A. Wells, D. A. Norton
Summary: This study examines the impacts of large earthquakes on the floodplains of Westland, New Zealand, using dendrochronological data and tree-ring analyses. The results show that major prehistoric reforestation episodes on the floodplains correspond well with known dates of large earthquakes, indicating the sediment deliveries resulting from coseismic landsliding and their reworking by rivers. This regional aggradation picture is important for understanding the potential societal impacts of future major West Coast earthquakes.
Article
Ecology
Geoffrey Fouad, Terrie M. Lee
Summary: A groundwater condition metric was used to evaluate hydrologic changes in regional wetlands, showing a decrease in wetland leakage potential after cutbacks in groundwater withdrawals. Wetlands with the potential to receive groundwater discharge increased in the wet season following the cutbacks, suggesting the importance of wetlands in generating streamflow across regional drainage basins.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Simon C. Cox, Sjoerd van Ballegooy, Helen K. Rutter, David S. Harte, Caroline Holden, Anton K. Gulley, Virginie Lacrosse, Michael Manga
Summary: During the Canterbury earthquake sequence in New Zealand from 2010 to 2011, vast amounts of liquefaction ejecta led to differential ground subsidence and damage to buildings, with strong spatial correlations between ejecta occurrence and groundwater pressure in deep aquifers. Earthquake-induced pressure changes and leakage from artesian aquifers likely contributed to near-surface liquefaction and ground damage.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Laura Hughes, Calum J. Chamberlain, John Townend, Amanda M. Thomas
Summary: This study identified and analyzed repeating earthquakes in New Zealand, revealing 61 repeating earthquake families occurring between 2003 and 2020. These families have a range in magnitude and recurrence intervals, showing spatiotemporal correlation with known slow-slip events and tremor, but inconsistency in responses.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
C. J. Chamberlain, W. B. Frank, F. Lanza, J. Townend, E. Warren-Smith
Summary: The 2016 M7.8 Kaikoura earthquake is considered one of the most complex earthquakes in recorded history, involving significant rupture of at least 21 crustal faults. Through the use of various techniques, researchers constructed a catalog of seismic activities and fault ruptures, leading to key findings such as the earthquake nucleating on the Humps Fault and the reactivation of faults from previous sequences.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bryant Chow, Yoshihiro Kaneko, Carl Tape, Ryan Modrak, Nick Mortimer, Stephen Bannister, John Townend
Summary: This study uses earthquake-based adjoint tomography to analyze the three-dimensional structure of the North Island and the adjacent Hikurangi subduction zone in New Zealand. The research reveals the material properties and velocity changes associated with the active subduction zone. The results also provide valuable insights into the geology and tectonic structures of the study area, especially in relation to the Hikurangi subduction zone.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Vera Lay, Stefan Buske, John Townend, Richard Kellett, Martha Savage, Douglas R. Schmitt, Alexis Constantinou, Jennifer D. Eccles, Andrew R. Gorman, Malcolm Bertram, Kevin Hall, Don Lawton, Randolph Kofman
Summary: The Alpine Fault in New Zealand is a crucial transpressional plate boundary which is late in its typical earthquake cycle. A seismic survey in the Whataroa Valley has provided new insights into the subsurface structures of the Alpine Fault zone, revealing the complexity of the tectonic processes at play. Despite challenging conditions, seismic imaging has identified various structures related to the valley and the fault system, deepening our understanding of the geology in the area.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bryant Chow, Yoshihiro Kaneko, John Townend
Summary: Seamounts as seafloor heterogeneities affect slip behavior on megathrusts. In the Hikurangi subduction zone, previously unidentified deeply subducted seamounts are inferred from high-resolution velocity models, influencing seismicity and slow slip events. This study suggests that repeated seamount subduction may permanently damage the upper plate and impact plate coupling along the subduction interface.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Quyen Nguyen, Paul Thorsnes, Ivan Diaz-Rainey, Antoni Moore, Simon Cox, Leon Stirk-Wang
Summary: This study investigates the response of the housing market to climate change-related flooding hazard in a low-lying coastal suburb of Dunedin, New Zealand. It finds that the flooding event had a short-term impact on house prices, but this impact disappeared within 15 months.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE ECONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
R. F. D. McGregor, F. Illsley-Kemp, J. Townend
Summary: The Taupo Volcanic Zone is part of the Tonga-Kermadec volcanic arc in New Zealand and is characterized by extensional tectonic processes and magmatic activities. The seismicity in the Taupo Fault Belt, which is adjacent to the Taupo volcano, is influenced by regional tectonic and deep mafic magmatic systems. An increase in seismic activity in 2001 outside the caldera suggests that a magmatic intrusion beneath Lake Taupo's Western Bay initiated the unrest in the fault belt.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
E. Warren-Smith, J. Townend, C. J. Chamberlain, C. Boulton, K. Michailos
Summary: Paleoseismic evidence suggests that key section boundaries conditionally inhibit rupture. Utilizing data from a seismometer network, this study examines the effects of material and structural heterogeneities on rupture behavior. The results highlight the importance of considering a range of factors when evaluating controls on rupture segmentation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Shao-Jinn Chin, Rupert Sutherland, Martha K. Savage, John Townend, Julien Collot, Bernard Pelletier, Olivier Monge, Finnigan Illsley-Kemp
Summary: We used a network of seismometers near Noumea, the capital city of New Caledonia, to record and analyze earthquakes for 14 months. The earthquakes in southern New Caledonia are smaller but more hazardous due to their shallow depths and proximity to local communities. Our study highlights the need for long-term monitoring of local earthquakes in this region and suggests that current models overestimate the hazard from large earthquakes in nearby subduction zones. Further research is needed to improve ground motion prediction in subduction zone footwall settings.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ellorine Carle, Pascal Sirguey, Simon C. Cox
Summary: This study proposes and evaluates the performance of two image matching algorithms for measuring surface displacements on landslides using hillshades derived from high-resolution DSMs. The algorithms, including a widely used NCC algorithm and an optical flow approach, were applied to hillshades obtained from APM/SPM imagery captured in 2018 and 2020. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the masking approach and the good performance of the optical flow algorithm in delivering dense, accurate displacement measurements, especially with high-resolution DSMs available.
COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Aubrey D. Miller, Todd A. N. Redpath, Pascal Sirguey, Simon C. Cox, Perry Bartelt, Don Bogie, Jono P. Conway, Nicolas J. Cullen, Yves Buhler
Summary: An extremely heavy winter storm in July 2022 caused massive alpine mass movements in the Southern Alps of New Zealand, including snow avalanches, debris flows, and erosion caused by rain runoff. The largest avalanche since 1986 occurred in the Kitchener avalanche path, which tested the effectiveness of a diversion berm designed for a 1:100-year event. Results from a lidar survey and numerical modeling provide insights into future hazards posed by intense alpine precipitation, especially on a winter snowpack.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geology
Hannu Seebeck, Russ Van Dissen, Nicola Litchfield, Philip M. Barnes, Andrew Nicol, Robert Langridge, David J. A. Barrell, Pilar Villamor, Susan Ellis, Mark Rattenbury, Stephen Bannister, Matthew Gerstenberger, Francesca Ghisetti, Rupert Sutherland, Hamish Hirschberg, Jeff Fraser, Scott D. Nodder, Mark Stirling, Jade Humphrey, Kyle J. Bland, Andrew Howell, Joshu Mountjoy, Vicki Moon, Timothy Stahl, Francesca Spinardi, Dougal Townsend, Kate Clark, Ian Hamling, Simon Cox, Willem de Lange, Paul Wopereis, Mike Johnston, Regine Morgenstern, Genevieve Coffey, Jennifer D. Eccles, Timothy Little, Bill Fry, Jonathan Griffin, John Townend, Nick Mortimer, Samantha Alcaraz, Cecile Massiot, Julie V. Rowland, James Muirhead, Phaedra Upton, Julie Lee
Summary: The New Zealand Community Fault Model (NZ CFM) is a publicly available model representing fault zones in New Zealand that have the potential to cause damaging earthquakes. It is compiled through collaborative engagement between earthquake-science experts and incorporates new and modified information. The NZ CFM consists of a two-dimensional map representation of fault zones and a three-dimensional representation projected down-dip from the mapped traces. This article summarizes the compilation and parameterization of the NZ CFM, its relation to previous datasets, and its applications in seismic hazard assessment and earthquake modeling for New Zealand.
NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon C. Cox, Belinda Smith Lyttle, Samuel Elkind, Christine Smith Siddoway, Paul Morin, Giovanni Capponi, Tamer Abu-Alam, Matilda Ballinger, Lauren Bamber, Brett Kitchener, Luigi Lelli, Jasmine Mawson, Alexie Millikin, Nicola Dal Seno, Louis Whitburn, Tristan White, Alex Burton-Johnson, Laura Crispini, David Elliot, Synnove Elvevold, John Goodge, Jacqueline Halpin, Joachim Jacobs, Adam P. Martin, Eugene Mikhalsky, Fraser Morgan, Phil Scadden, John Smellie, Gary Wilson
Summary: The GeoMAP Action Group and GNS Science have constructed a dataset describing the exposed bedrock and surficial geology of Antarctica. This dataset captures existing geological map data, refines its reliability, harmonizes classification, and improves the representation of glacial sequences and geomorphology. It is the first detailed geological map dataset covering all of Antarctica.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Regine Morgenstern, Andrea Wolter, Simon C. Cox, Biljana Lukovic, Dan Bain, Akansha Sirohi, Zane Bruce, Katie Jones, Brenda Rosser, Dougal Townsend, Chris Massey
Summary: The New Zealand Landslide Dam Database (NZLDD) provides important data for studying the formation, longevity, and stability of landslide dams, contributing to the prevention and mitigation of landslide dam disasters.
