Article
Environmental Sciences
A. Masalaite, S. Bycenkien, J. Pauraite, I. Garbariene, C. Bozzetti, J. L. Besombes, K. Plauskaite-Sukiene, A. Garbaras, J. Sapolaite, Z. Ezerinskis, V. Dudoitis, R. Bariseviciute, V. Ulevicius, A. S. H. Prevot, V. Remeikis, I. el Haddad, L. Jaffrezo
Summary: This study investigated the stable carbon isotope ratios of submicron aerosol particles in a forest site in Lithuania. The results showed higher delta C-13(TC) values during the cold season and lower values during the warm season. The analysis of aerosol properties and source apportionment revealed that biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion were the dominant sources of aerosol particles at this site.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vipul Lalchandani, Varun Kumar, Anna Tobler, Navaneeth M. Thamban, Suneeti Mishra, Jay G. Slowik, Deepika Bhattu, Pragati Rai, Rangu Satish, Dilip Ganguly, Suresh Tiwari, Neeraj Rastogi, Shashi Tiwari, Griga Motnik, Andre S. H. Prevot, Sachchida N. Tripathi
Summary: The study conducted real-time chemical characterization of fine particulate matter in different locations in Delhi, finding that PM2.5 and PM1 particles are mainly composed of organics, followed by chloride, ammonium, nitrate, sulfate, and black carbon. There were significant differences in the absolute OOA concentration between the two urban sites, indicating the influence of local emissions on the oxidized OA formation. The chemical composition, diurnal and temporal variations of PM at the three sites suggest similar sources affecting particulate pollution in Delhi and adjoining cities, but with more local influence than regional.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Qin Ren, Jie Wei, Yuan Yuan Ji, Zhen Hai Wu, Fang Bi, Rui Gao, Xue Zhong Wang, Hong Li
Summary: The study shows that primary emission and secondary formation have significant impacts on the organic compositions of fine aerosols in summer Beijing. Coal combustion is an important source of OC during polluted period, while biomass burning is the main contributor during clean period. The study also highlights the importance of atmospheric oxidants and particle acidity in the formation of secondary organic carbon during high pollution periods in Beijing.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yan Li, Lu Lei, Jiaxing Sun, Yueqi Gao, Peng Wang, Siyu Wang, Zhaolei Zhang, Aodong Du, Zhijie Li, Zifa Wang, Jin Young Kim, Hwajin Kim, Hongliang Zhang, Yele Sun
Summary: The study found that secondary inorganic aerosol and photochemical-related secondary organic aerosol significantly decreased in Beijing summers, while the decreases in primary aerosol species and gaseous precursors were comparably small. Meteorology and emission reductions play important roles in aerosol composition and formation mechanisms.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Snehitha M. Kommula, Panda Upasana, Amit Sharma, Subha S. Raj, Ernesto Reyes-Villegas, Tianjia Liu, James D. Allan, Christi Jose, Mira L. Poehlker, Raghunathan Ravikrishna, Pengfei Liu, Hang Su, Scot T. Martin, Ulrich Poeschl, Gordon Mcfiggans, Hugh Coe, Sachin S. Gunthe
Summary: The online chemical characterization of NR-PM1 was conducted in Chennai, India using ACSM. A relatively clean period with marine air masses significantly reduced the mass concentration of NR-PM1, with organic aerosol dominating the composition. Chemical composition and aerosol properties at the coastal site were influenced by marine influx, leading to changes in the organic aerosol fraction and organic liquid water content.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junfeng Wang, Jianhuai Ye, Qi Zhang, Jian Zhao, Yangzhou Wu, Jingyi Li, Dantong Liu, Weijun Li, Yange Zhang, Cheng Wu, Conghui Xie, Yiming Qin, Yali Lei, Xiangpeng Huang, Jianping Guo, Pengfei Liu, Pingqing Fu, Yongjie Li, Hyun Chul Lee, Hyoungwoo Choi, Jie Zhang, Hong Liao, Mindong Chen, Yele Sun, Xinlei Ge, Scot T. Martin, Daniel J. Jacob
Summary: Field observations during a winter haze event in Beijing reveal fast aqueous-phase conversion of fossil-fuel primary organic aerosol (POA) to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) at high relative humidity. It is suggested that ring-breaking oxidation of POA aromatic species may be the dominant mechanism for SOA formation. This POA origin for SOA could explain why SOA has been decreasing despite flat emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) over the years 2013-2018.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhijie Li, Weiqi Xu, Wei Zhou, Lu Lei, Jiaxing Sun, Bo You, Zifa Wang, Yele Sun
Summary: This study investigates the chemical differences between submicron aerosol (PM1) species and fine particles (PM2.5) in Beijing, China, using a high-resolution AMS and a time-of-flight ACSM. The results show that aerosol species in PM2.5 are highly correlated with those in PM1, but the PM1/PM2.5 ratios vary greatly for different species. Nitrate is dominant in PM1, while a significant fraction of sulfate is observed in the PM1-2.5 range. PM1 organics show higher fractions in PM2.5 in summer. The study also compares the source apportionment of organic aerosol (OA) between PM1 and PM2.5, revealing substantial differences in primary and secondary OA composition, especially in winter. Additionally, a parameterized relationship between oxygen-to-carbon ratio and CV f44 is developed, which has implications for studying the oxidation and hygroscopicity properties of OA.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yajun Wu, Xiaolong Fan, Yan Liu, Jingqiao Zhang, Han Wang, Luna Sun, Tiange Fang, Hongjun Mao, Jun Hu, Lin Wu, Jianfei Peng, Shulan Wang
Summary: This study conducted a field measurement of VOCs in suburban Beijing and evaluated the impact of photochemical oxidation on VOC source contributions. By considering the photochemical loss of VOCs, seven VOC sources were identified, with vehicle emissions, industrial sources, and biomass burning being the top contributors to ambient TVOC. The results highlight the importance of adequately considering the photochemical loss of VOCs for accurately apportioning emission sources.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Barend L. van Drooge, Roger Garatachea, Cristina Reche, Gloria Titos, Andres Alastuey, Hassan Lyamani, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, Xavier Querol, Joan O. Grimalt
Summary: The concentrations and composition of PM10 and organic aerosols in Barcelona and Granada differ significantly, with biomass burning and traffic emissions being the major contributors in both cities. Barcelona has better air quality, with higher contributions from fresh secondary organic aerosols, while in Granada, air pollution and stagnant meteorological conditions result in dominant aged secondary organic aerosols.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huibin Shi, Zhe Chen, Zhehan Yang, Jinjin Wang, Jinyan Yang, Yi Huang
Summary: Carbonaceous components are major components of PM1, with significant impacts on climate change, air quality, and human health. This study investigated the secondary formation and sources of carbonaceous components in PM1 by collecting samples in Chengdu, China. The concentrations of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and carbon isotopes (813C) in PM1 were determined. The results showed that winter had the highest concentrations of OC and EC in PM1, mainly due to special meteorological conditions and higher pollutant emissions. The sources of carbonaceous components varied throughout the seasons, with vehicle exhaust, C3 plants combustion, coal burning, and C4 plants combustion being the main contributors.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chao Xiong, Ning Wang, Li Zhou, Fumo Yang, Yang Qiu, Junhui Chen, Li Han, Jianjun Li
Summary: The study in Chengdu revealed that VOCs in the city are mainly composed of alkanes, with major sources being LPG/NG usage and industrial contributions, where the winter VOC mixing ratio is twice that of summer. Urban traffic influences diurnal variations of VOCs, while photochemical reactions lead to lower afternoon VOC levels.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Dongjie Shang, Jianfei Peng, Song Guo, Zhijun Wu, Min Hu
Summary: This paper discusses the severe haze pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during winter, the mitigation actions taken by the Chinese government since 2013, and the importance of secondary aerosol components during haze episodes. It highlights the need for research on the mechanisms of secondary aerosol formation to effectively control particle pollution in the region.
FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Changwei Zou, Jiayi Wang, Kuanyun Hu, Jianlong Li, Chenglong Yu, Fangxu Zhu, Hong Huang
Summary: PM2.5 samples were collected in a rural area in Shandong from January to February 2022. The carbon components and water-soluble ions in PM2.5 were analyzed, revealing the distribution characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols. The study found high concentrations of PM2.5, with organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) accounting for significant proportions. The analysis indicated that PM2.5 was influenced by both local combustion and mobile sources, with primary and secondary sources in Shandong Province having a major impact. Understanding the characteristics and sources of air pollution in the region is of great importance.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Liu, Xiaojuan Xu, Xiaoyang Yang, Jun He, Dongsheng Ji, Yuesi Wang
Summary: Significant reductions in PM2.5 concentrations and chemical species in Beijing were observed during the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, thanks to aggressive mitigation measures. The contribution of meteorological conditions to the PM2.5 variation was found to be only 46.1%, while source control measures accounted for 53.9%. This study provides valuable insights for developing countries plagued by heavy air pollution in achieving air quality improvement.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunfei Wu, Renjian Zhang, Jun Tao, Zhaoze Deng, Liang Ran, Chaoying Wang, Jiawei Li, Zhiwei Han
Summary: Carbonaceous aerosol, consisting of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC), plays a significant role in aerosol-climate interaction due to its light-absorbing feature. The mass absorption efficiency (MAE) of carbonaceous aerosol, which determines its radiative forcing, was studied in urban Beijing during a winter field campaign. The results showed that PM1 absorption contributed approximately half of PM2.5 absorption at 880 nm wavelength, mainly due to the dominance of EC absorption in PM1. The MAE of EC for PM1 was lower than that for PM2.5, while the MAE of OC for PM1 was higher than that for PM2.5 at 370 nm wavelength. The formation of secondary nitrate was found to be related to the variation in MAE of EC, indicating its impact on EC mixing states and absorption efficiency.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yajun Wu, Xiaolong Fan, Yan Liu, Jingqiao Zhang, Han Wang, Luna Sun, Tiange Fang, Hongjun Mao, Jun Hu, Lin Wu, Jianfei Peng, Shulan Wang
Summary: This study conducted a field measurement of VOCs in suburban Beijing and evaluated the impact of photochemical oxidation on VOC source contributions. By considering the photochemical loss of VOCs, seven VOC sources were identified, with vehicle emissions, industrial sources, and biomass burning being the top contributors to ambient TVOC. The results highlight the importance of adequately considering the photochemical loss of VOCs for accurately apportioning emission sources.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dongjie Shang, Min Hu, Lizi Tang, Xin Fang, Ying Liu, Yusheng Wu, Zhuofei Du, Xuhui Cai, Zhijun Wu, Shengrong Lou, Mattias Hallquist, Song Guo, Yuanhang Zhang
Summary: A one-month comprehensive measurement was conducted in Beijing during the summer of 2016 to deepen the understanding of how polluted new particle formation (NPF) events occur. The study found that clean NPF events were caused by local nucleation and growth, while polluted NPF events were influenced by both local nucleation-growth and regional transport. The contributions of these factors to particle number concentration were 60% and 40% respectively.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zirui Zhang, Wenfei Zhu, Min Hu, Hui Wang, Lizi Tang, Shuya Hu, Ruizhe Shen, Ying Yu, Kai Song, Rui Tan, Zheng Chen, Shiyi Chen, Francesco Canonaco, Andre S. H. Prevot, Song Guo
Summary: Researchers quantified the secondary organic aerosols (SOA) produced by urban-lifestyle sources under real atmospheric conditions through a combination of laboratory simulation and field observation. They found that vehicle emissions were the dominant source of SOA formation during daytime photochemical processes, and the SOA:POA ratio of vehicle emissions was about 1.4 times larger than that of cooking emissions. These findings not only provide a new approach to quantify urban SOA, but also validate laboratory hypotheses and contribute to understanding the ambient contributions, chemical characteristics, and environmental effects of urban-lifestyle SOA.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zongyan Lv, Lin Wu, Chao Ma, Luna Sun, Jianfei Peng, Lei Yang, Ning Wei, Qijun Zhang, Hongjun Mao
Summary: This study analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of CNG/E10 bi-fuel light-duty vehicles and the characteristics of VOCs and ozone formation potential in CNG vehicle exhaust. The results show that CNG fuel can reduce CO2 emissions, improve thermal efficiency, and save fuel costs compared to E10. However, it also increases NOx and NO2 emissions. The VOCs emitted by CNG vehicles are mainly alkanes, while E10 contains high proportions of alkanes and alkenes. These findings help enhance understanding of the environmental value of using NG vehicles.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chung Song Ho, Jianfei Peng, Zongyan Lv, Bin Sun, Lei Yang, Jinsheng Zhang, Jiliang Guo, Qijun Zhang, Zhuofei Du, Hongjun Mao
Summary: This study evaluates the characteristics and emission inventories of light-absorbing aerosols (LAA) from vehicle emissions in Tianjin, China. The results show a significant reduction in LAA emissions from 2017 to 2021, with diesel vehicles contributing the most to these aerosols.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chao Zou, Lin Wu, Yanan Wang, Shida Sun, Ning Wei, Bin Sun, Jingwei Ni, Jing He, Qijun Zhang, Jianfei Peng, Hongjun Mao
Summary: This study evaluates the traffic control policies, such as Odd and Even (OAE) and One Day Per Week (ODPW), implemented in Zhengzhou, China. The improvements in traffic conditions resulted in significant reductions in emissions, but certain vehicles offset the benefits of the restrictions. The air quality simulation revealed limited decrease in pollutant concentrations. Therefore, stricter measures are needed to continuously improve urban air quality.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanting Qiu, Zhijun Wu, Ruiqi Man, Taomou Zong, Yuechen Liu, Xiangxinyue Meng, Jingchuan Chen, Shiyi Chen, Suxia Yang, Bin Yuan, Mijung Song, Changhyuk Kim, Junyoung Ahn, Limin Zeng, Jiyi Lee, Min Hu
Summary: This study aimed to understand haze formation in East Asia during winter by measuring the aerosol composition in Beijing and Seoul. The results showed similar pollution situations, with nitrate dominating the inorganic components in both cities. The study emphasized the importance of local secondary aerosol formation for atmospheric PM pollution in East Asian megacities.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lidia Morawska, William Bahnfleth, Philomena M. Bluyssen, Atze Boerstra, Giorgio Buonanno, Stephanie J. Dancer, Andres Floto, Francesco Franchimon, Charles Haworth, Jaap Hogeling, Christina Isaxon, Jose L. Jimenez, Jarek Kurnitski, Yuguo Li, Marcel Loomans, Guy Marks, Linsey C. Marr, Livio Mazzarella, Arsen Krikor Melikov, Shelly Miller, Donald K. Milton, William Nazaroff, Peter Nielsen, Catherine Noakes, Jordan Peccia, Xavier Querol, Chandra Sekhar, Olli Seppanen, Shin-ichi Tanabe, Raymond Tellier, Tham Kwok Wai, Pawel Wargocki, Aneta Wierzbicka
Summary: This is an important account of a struggle in which a group of experts came together at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to warn the world about the risk of airborne transmission and the consequences of ignoring it. Their concerns were dismissed by the World Health Organization, but later acknowledged when published in an international journal. The delay in acknowledging this issue had widespread consequences throughout the pandemic.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Emily B. Franklin, Lindsay D. Yee, Rebecca Wernis, Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz, Nathan Kreisberg, Robert Weber, Haofei Zhang, Brett B. Palm, Weiwei Hu, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Douglas A. Day, Antonio Manzi, Paulo Artaxo, Rodrigo A. F. De Souza, Jose L. Jimenez, Scot T. Martin, Allen H. Goldstein
Summary: Urbanization and fires have a significant impact on the quantities and composition of organic aerosol in the central Amazon, affecting radiative forcing and public health. The composition of ambient organic aerosol is complex and not fully understood, with limited knowledge about the different compounds present. Through analysis of aerosol samples, it was found that fires and urban emissions have distinct effects on the chemical signatures, and only a portion of compounds were observed in both seasons. This study highlights the need for further research to fill the knowledge gaps in understanding the speciation of organic aerosol in the Amazon.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuk-Chun Chan, Lyatt Jaegle, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, David C. Catling, Jihong Cole-Dai, Vasile I. Furdui, W. Andrew Jackson, Jose L. Jimenez, Dongwook Kim, Alanna E. Wedum, Becky Alexander
Summary: In this study, a global three-dimensional chemical transport model was used to simulate the production, transport, and deposition of perchlorate in the Earth's atmosphere. The model predictions were compared to observations, and it was found that the model could not fully explain the high levels of perchlorate observed at near-surface sites and the low O-17-excess observed in perchlorate sampled from pristine environments. Four hypotheses were discussed to explain these discrepancies and recommendations were made for further laboratory and field observations.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Wei, Zhenyu Jia, Xiaoyang Zhao, Lin Wu, Yanjie Zhang, Jianfei Peng, Ting Wang, Zhiwen Yang, Qijun Zhang, Hongjun Mao
Summary: Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory (GLOSA) is a cutting-edge technology for intelligent transportation and is being increasingly applied on the ground worldwide. However, evaluating the environmental benefits of vehicles using GLOSA has become a challenge owing to the complexity and unpredictability of real-traffic. Here, a standardized environmental benefit evaluation framework for GLOSA is first proposed, which combined standard driving cycle (DC) database and high-precision emission models.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. M. Katich, E. C. Apel, I. Bourgeois, C. A. Brock, T. P. Bui, P. Campuzano-Jost, R. Commane, B. Daube, M. Dollner, M. Fromm, K. D. Froyd, A. J. Hills, R. S. Hornbrook, J. L. Jimenez, A. Kupc, K. D. Lamb, K. McKain, F. Moore, D. M. Murphy, B. A. Nault, J. Peischl, A. E. Perring, D. A. Peterson, E. A. Ray, K. H. Rosenlof, T. Ryerson, G. P. Schill, J. C. Schroder, B. Weinzierl, C. Thompson, C. J. Williamson, S. C. Wofsy, P. Yu, J. P. Schwarz
Summary: Pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) are wildfire-generated convective clouds that can inject smoke directly into the stratosphere. In situ measurements of pyroCb smoke reveal its distinctive and exceptionally stable aerosol properties and define the long-term influence of pyroCb activity on the stratospheric aerosol budget. Analysis of 13 years of airborne observations shows that pyroCb are responsible for 10 to 25% of the black carbon and organic aerosols in the present-day lower stratosphere, with similar impacts in both the North and South Hemispheres. These results suggest that, should pyroCb increase in frequency and/or magnitude in future climates, they could generate dominant trends in stratospheric aerosol.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yujue Wang, Zeyu Feng, Qi Yuan, Dongjie Shang, Yuan Fang, Song Guo, Zhijun Wu, Chao Zhang, Yang Gao, Xiaohong Yao, Huiwang Gao, Min Hu
Summary: This study conducted a comparative investigation to illustrate the sources and key environmental factors of WSOC formation under different atmospheric conditions. The results obtained from five field campaigns at different inland sites and a coastal site during different seasons were summarized. The formation of WSOC was influenced by atmospheric oxidants, aerosol liquid water, and ambient relative humidity, with their roles varying in different atmospheres.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Duseong S. Jo, Benjamin A. Nault, Simone Tilmes, Andrew Gettelman, Christina S. Mccluskey, Alma Hodzic, Daven K. Henze, Muhammad Omar Nawaz, Ka Ming Fung, Jose L. Jimenez
Summary: This study quantifies the health and climate effects of organic aerosols (OA) from anthropogenic, biomass burning, and biogenic sources. The findings show that anthropogenic primary OA (POA) has the highest efficiency for health effects but the lowest for direct radiative effects. Biogenic OA exhibits moderate efficiency for health effects and the highest for direct radiative effects, while biomass burning OA plays a significant role in cloud radiative effect changes in remote atmospheres.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Y. C. Liu, Z. J. Wu, Y. T. Qiu, P. Tian, Q. Liu, Y. Chen, M. Song, M. Hu
Summary: This study explores the relationship between the mass fraction of inorganic compounds and the liquid-phase-transition threshold relative humidity (RHthreshold) in urban aerosol particles. The results reveal a negative correlation between RHthreshold and the mass fraction of nitrate, suggesting that higher nitrate content leads to a lower RHthreshold. Furthermore, it is observed that an increased nitrate fraction allows particles to exist in a liquid state at lower RH, potentially playing a significant role in the formation of secondary aerosols through multiphase reactions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)