Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mireille Farjo, Christopher B. Brooke
Summary: Influenza viruses infecting the same host can hinder each other's replication, leading to spatial structuring of infected cells in tissue and impacting viral evolution.
Article
Immunology
Tracy A. Becerra-Culqui, Darios Getahun, Vicki Chiu, Lina S. Sy, Hung Fu Tseng
Summary: This study investigated the association between prenatal influenza vaccination or infection and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. The findings showed no association between prenatal influenza vaccination or infection and ASD risk in children.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Yifei Jin, Huan Cui, Lina Jiang, Cheng Zhang, Jingjing Li, Hongliang Cheng, Zehui Chen, Jing Zheng, Yidun Zhang, Yingying Fu, Jiaming Li, Li Li, Zhendong Guo, Bing Lu, Zhongyi Wang
Summary: Evidence of human infection with the H9N2 avian influenza virus through environmental contamination was found in live poultry markets in Xiamen, China. The study suggests that environmental exposure may be an important source of human infection in live poultry markets.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Timothy M. Uyeki, David S. Hui, Maria Zambon, David E. Wentworth, Arnold S. Monto
Summary: Seasonal influenza caused by influenza A and B viruses is a significant global burden. Vaccination is the primary prevention measure, but novel influenza viruses still pose pandemic threats.
Article
Microbiology
Kim M. Pepin, Clinton B. Leach, Nicole L. Barrett, Jeremy W. Ellis, Kaci K. Vandalen, Colleen T. Webb, Susan A. Shriner
Summary: This study investigated the transmission mechanisms of influenza A viruses by experimentally infecting mallards and found that viral concentration in water was a better predictor of transmission. The study provides quantification of transmission probability and emphasizes the importance of environmental and risk-based surveillance planning.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bing Zhang, Tao Chen, Shiwen Liang, Wei Shen, Qianru Sun, Daoze Wang, Gang Wang, Jing Yang, Lei Yang, Dayan Wang, Yuelong Shu, Xiangjun Du
Summary: Understanding the nonlinear effects of environmental factors on influenza transmission is challenging. This study investigated the relationship between environmental factors and influenza transmission in mainland China using surveillance data. Nonlinear relationships for absolute humidity and mean temperature with influenza transmission were observed. The impact of precipitation and sunshine hour on influenza transmission was also analyzed. The study found that different influenza subtypes had varying levels of environmental dependence. The projected seasonal transmission rates based on this approach can be used to model influenza dynamics under different meteorological conditions. Additionally, this approach can provide insights into the impact of environmental factors on other respiratory infectious diseases.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Sarah Frankl, Susan E. Coffin, Jacqueline B. Harrison, Sanjeev K. Swami, Jennifer L. McGuire
Summary: This study found that influenza-associated neurologic complications are common in children hospitalized with influenza. Seizures and encephalopathy were the most commonly identified complications, and children with pre-existing neurologic diagnoses had a higher proportion of these complications. The study suggests that vaccination, lack of seasonal influenza vaccination, and age <= 5 years are independently associated with influenza-associated neurologic complications.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heather M. Froggatt, Alfred T. Harding, Ryan R. Chaparian, Nicholas S. Heaton
Summary: The study identified ETS variant transcription factor 7 (ETV7) as a negative regulator of the type I IFN response, specifically targeting a subset of antiviral ISGs important for IFN-mediated control of influenza viruses. This research assigns a function for ETV7 as an IFN response regulator and suggests ETV7 as a potential therapeutic target to enhance innate antiviral responses and IFN-based antiviral therapies.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Mayowa M. Ojo, Temitope O. Benson, Olumuyiwa James Peter, Emile Franc Doungmo Goufo
Summary: Infectious diseases have remained a major problem, and a mathematical model is proposed to investigate the co-dynamics of COVID-19 and influenza. The study shows that disease competitive dynamics are influenced by transmission probabilities and threshold quantities, and a threefold control intervention is the most effective in reducing COVID-19 and influenza.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Qian Li, Jun Wang, Haiwei Lv, Hongzhou Lu
Summary: The percentage of positive influenza tests decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic in China, reaching a peak of 47.7% in the first stage and dropping to 14.0% in the second stage, remaining below 6.2% afterwards. Possible reasons for this phenomenon include prevention and control measures as well as ecological competition, indicating that public health measures to prevent COVID-19 may also help control other respiratory infectious diseases.
Article
Immunology
Sara P. H. van den Berg, Josien Lanfermeijer, Ronald H. J. Jacobi, Marion Hendriks, Martijn Vos, Roos van Schuijlenburg, Nening M. Nanlohy, Jose A. M. Borghans, Josine van Beek, Debbie van Baarle, Jelle de Wit
Summary: CMV infection is associated with lower frequencies of memory IAV-specific T cells in healthy individuals, but does not seem to hamper T-cell response during acute IAV infection. In addition, CMV infection is not associated with increased severity of influenza-related symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yulia Desheva, Galina Leontieva, Tatiana Kramskaya, Igor Losev, Andrey Rekstin, Nadezhda Petkova, Polina Kudar, Alexander Suvorov
Summary: This study examines the resistance of mice against early influenza infection and post-influenza pneumococcal pneumonia after intranasal live influenza vaccine (LAIV) administration. The results show that LAIV provides early protection against both homologous and heterologous viral infections and has a protective effect against post-influenza pneumococcal infection. These findings suggest that intranasal administration of LAIV may be valuable in preventing not only influenza, but also other acute respiratory infections.
Review
Immunology
Rory D. de Vries, Katja Hoschler, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan
Summary: In this review, the results of an assay to detect influenza virus-specific antibodies that mediate ADCC were summarized. The study found that HA-specific ADCC mediating antibodies can be detected in serum samples from individuals vaccinated or infected with influenza viruses. The presence of cross-reactive antibodies and their immunological functionalities were also investigated. The findings suggest that virus-specific antibodies induced by infection or vaccination have additional immunological functionalities that contribute to protective immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yueyue Huangfu, Ji Wang, Jiao Feng, Zhi-Ling Zhang
Summary: Influenza A viruses mainly cause respiratory infections in humans, but they can also lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) with high mortality rates. The mechanism behind this AKI is not well understood due to limited disease models. In this study, a distal renal tubular system-on-a-chip (dRTSC) was developed to investigate the pathogenesis of influenza virus in the kidney. The dRTSC model revealed that the virus can enter the kidney rapidly without disrupting the vascular barrier, causing disruption of tight junctions and changes in ion transporters and sodium reabsorption function in renal tubules. This study provides new insights into understanding the extra-respiratory effects of influenza viruses.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yueyue Huangfu, Ji Wang, Jiao Feng, Zhi-Ling Zhang
Summary: This study constructs a distal renal tubular system-on-a-chip to investigate the pathogenesis of influenza virus-induced acute kidney injury. It reveals the pathways of virus entry into the kidney and the mechanisms of virus infection in renal tubules.
Review
Cell Biology
Eleanor R. Gaunt, Paul Digard
Summary: The distribution and sequencing of nucleotides in viral genomes and host genomes are not random, with biases influenced by cellular proteins that trigger mutations or immune responses. Research indicates that nucleotide and codon biases vary between species.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arabella S. Stuart, Robert H. Shaw, Xinxue Liu, Melanie Greenland, Parvinder K. Aley, Nick J. Andrews, J. C. Cameron, Sue Charlton, Elizabeth A. Clutterbuck, Andrea M. Collins, Tom Darton, Tanya Dinesh, Christopher J. A. Duncan, Anna England, Saul N. Faust, Daniela M. Ferreira, Adam Finn, Anna L. Goodman, Christopher A. Green, Bassam Hallis, Paul T. Heath, Helen Hill, Bryn M. Horsington, Teresa Lambe, Rajeka Lazarus, Vincenzo Libri, Patrick J. Lillie, Yama F. Mujadidi, Ruth Payne, Emma L. Plested, Samuel Provstgaard-Morys, Maheshi N. Ramasamy, Mary Ramsay, Robert C. Read, Hannah Robinson, Gavin R. Screaton, Nisha Singh, David P. J. Turner, Paul J. Turner, Iason Vichos, Rachel White, Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam, Matthew D. Snape
Summary: The study investigated the mixed use of different COVID-19 vaccines within the same schedule, showing that in certain conditions, heterologous vaccination can achieve similar immunogenicity to homologous vaccination, facilitating rapid global vaccine deployment.
Article
Virology
Ola Diebold, Victoria Gonzalez, Luca Venditti, Colin Sharp, Rosemary A. Blake, Wenfang S. Tan, Joanne Stevens, Sarah Caddy, Paul Digard, Alexander Borodavka, Eleanor Gaunt
Summary: We explored the use of rotaviruses (RVs) to express heterologous peptides, using SARS-CoV-2 as an example. Small SARS-CoV-2 peptide insertions (<34 amino acids) into the hypervariable region of the viral protein 4 (VP4) of RV SA11 strain resulted in reduced viral titer and replication, demonstrating a limited tolerance for peptide insertions at this site. To test the RV RF strain for its tolerance for peptide insertions, we constructed a reverse genetics system. NSP3 was C-terminally tagged with SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides of up to 193 amino acids in length. With a T2A-separated 193 amino acid tag on NSP3, there was no significant effect on the viral rescue efficiency, endpoint titer, and replication kinetics. Tagged NSP3 elicited cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies in ELISA. We highlight the potential for development of RV vaccine vectors targeting multiple enteric pathogens simultaneously.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas D. Brothers, Dan Lewer, Nicola Jones, Samantha Colledge-Frisby, Michael Farrell, Matthew Hickman, Duncan Webster, Andrew Hayward, Louisa Degenhardt
Summary: The use of opioid agonist treatment may be associated with reduced risks of death and rehospitalization among individuals with injecting-related infections.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Diana Margot Rosenthal, Antoinette Schoenthaler, Michelle Heys, Marcella Ucci, Andrew Hayward, Ashlee Teakle, Monica Lakhanpaul, Celine Lewis
Summary: This study examined the perspectives of service providers on the health of children under 5 years old living in temporary accommodation in London. The study found that U5TA faced many barriers, such as poor parental mental health, unsuitable housing, lack of social support, mistrust of services, immigration administration, and financial insecurity. Additionally, digital poverty, language discordance, and the inability to register and track U5TA made them even less visible to services. The study highlighted the adverse effects of COVID-19 on U5TA health and called for innovative and tailored cross-sector strategies to improve their health outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Substance Abuse
Thomas D. Brothers, Matthew Bonn, Dan Lewer, Emilie Comeau, Inhwa Kim, Duncan Webster, Andrew Hayward, Magdalena Harris
Summary: This study synthesized 26 qualitative studies on the social-structural factors influencing the incidence and treatment of injecting-related infections. The findings showed that unregulated drug supply, unsafe spaces, healthcare policies, and restrictions on harm reduction programs shape the occurrence of infections among injection drug users. People employ protective strategies such as mutual care and self-care to navigate these risk environments.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Eimear Kelly, Melanie Greenland, Philip C. S. de Whalley, Parvinder K. Aley, Emma L. Plested, Nisha Singh, Stanislava Koleva, Sharon Tonner, Grace C. Macaulay, Robert C. Read, Mary Ramsay, J. Claire Cameron, David P. J. Turner, Paul T. Heath, Jolanta Bernatoniene, Philip Connor, Katrina Cathie, Saul N. Faust, Indraneel Banerjee, Liberty Cantrell, Yama F. Mujadidi, Hanane Trari Belhadef, Elizabeth A. Clutterbuck, Rachel Anslow, Zara Valliji, Tim James, Bassam Hallis, Ashley David Otter, Teresa Lambe, Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam, Angela M. Minassian, Xinxue Liu, M. D. Snape
Summary: This study investigates the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of heterologous or fractional second dose COVID-19 vaccine regimens in adolescents. The findings suggest that heterologous and fractional dose COVID-19 vaccine schedules in adolescents are safe, well tolerated, and immunogenic.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Robert H. Shaw, Melanie Greenland, Arabella S. V. Stuart, Parvinder K. Aley, Nick J. Andrews, J. Claire Cameron, Sue Charlton, Elizabeth A. Clutterbuck, Andrea M. Collins, Tom Darton, Tanya Dinesh, Christopher J. A. Duncan, Saul N. Faust, Daniela M. Ferreira, Adam Finn, Anna L. Goodman, Christopher A. Green, Bassam Hallis, Paul T. Heath, Helen Hill, Teresa Lambe, Vincenzo Libri, Patrick J. Lillie, Ella Morey, Yama F. Mujadidi, Ruth Payne, Emma L. Plested, Samuel Provstgaard-Morys, Maheshi N. Ramasamy, Mary Ramsay, Robert C. Read, Hannah Robinson, Gavin R. Screaton, Nisha Singh, David P. J. Turner, Paul J. Turner, Rachel White, Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam, Xinxue Liu, Matthew D. Snape
Summary: This report aims to understand the persistence of immune response to different COVID-19 vaccine platforms used in homologous and heterologous priming combinations, which will inform future vaccine development.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Anastasia A. Theodosiou, Christine E. Jones, Robert C. Read, Debby Bogaert
Summary: The use of antibiotics can disrupt the microbiome and lead to adverse health outcomes. This review analyzes recent publications that investigate the associations between antibiotic use, microbiome disruption, and ill-health. It highlights the need for further causal evidence and proposes the term "microbiotoxicity" to describe the unintended harms of antibiotics on the microbiome.
CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Paul Little, Nick A. Francis, Beth Stuart, Gilly O'Reilly, Natalie Thompson, Taeko Becque, Alastair Hay, Kay Wang, Michael Sharland, Anthony Harnden, Guiqing Yao, James Raftery, Shihua Zhu, Joseph Little, Charlotte Hookham, Kate Rowley, Joanne Euden, Kim Harman, Samuel Coenen, Robert C. Read, Catherine Woods, Christopher C. Butler, Saul N. Faust, Geraldine Leydon, Mandy Wan, Kerenza Hood, Jane Whitehurst, Samantha Richards-Hall, Peter Smith, Michael Thomas, Michael Moore, Theo Verheij
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of amoxicillin for uncomplicated lower respiratory tract infections in children. The results show that amoxicillin has no significant impact on clinical symptoms and resource utilization. It is suggested that parents and clinicians need better access to information and communication.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Xinxue Liu, Annie Wright, Shuo Feng, Leila Janani, Parvinder K. Aley, Gavin Babbage, Jonathan Baker, David Baxter, Tanveer Bawa, Marcin Bula, Katrina Cathie, Krishna Chatterjee, Kate Dodd, Yvanne Enever, Lauren Fox, Ehsaan Qureshi, Anna L. Goodman, Christopher A. Green, John Haughney, Alexander Hicks, Christine E. Jones, Nasir Kanji, Agatha A. van der Klaauw, Vincenzo Libri, Martin J. Llewelyn, Rebecca Mansfield, Mina Maallah, Alastair C. McGregor, Angela M. Minassian, Patrick Moore, Mehmood Mughal, Yama F. Mujadidi, Hanane Trari Belhadef, Kyra Holliday, Orod Osanlou, Rostam Osanlou, Daniel R. Owens, Mihaela Pacurar, Adrian Palfreeman, Daniel Pan, Tommy Rampling, Karen Regan, Stephen Saich, Dinesh Saralaya, Sunil Sharma, Ray Sheridan, Matthew Stokes, Emma C. Thomson, Shirley Todd, Chris Twelves, Robert C. Read, Sue Charlton, Bassam Hallis, Mary Ramsay, Nick Andrews, Teresa Lambe, Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam, Victoria Cornelius, Matthew Snape, Saul N. Faust
Summary: COV-BOOST trial evaluated the effectiveness of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third booster dose in June 2021. The study found that the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines declined during the Omicron wave, and heterologous third doses with viral vector vaccines achieved more durable immune responses compared to three doses of mRNA vaccines.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Anastasia A. Theodosiou, Robert C. Read
Summary: This article summarizes the recent and potential future applications of AI in infection research and management, highlighting its clinical utility in laboratory diagnostics, clinical imaging analysis, clinical decision support tools, and public health outbreak management. However, most studies lack real-world validation and there are practical and ethical issues to consider. The current clinical utility of AI appears to be modest.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
James H. J. Bevan, Anastasia A. Theodosiou, James Corner, Robert B. Dorey, Robert C. Read, Christine E. Jones
Summary: This study investigated the motivations, concerns, and experiences of healthy pregnant women participating in human challenge research. The results showed that participants were primarily motivated by altruism and perceived the research intervention as natural. Therefore, the involvement of healthy pregnant women in human challenge research is acceptable and feasible.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Annieck M. Diks, Hans de Graaf, Cristina Teodosio, Rick J. Groenland, Bas de Mooij, Muktar Ibrahim, Alison R. Hill, Robert C. Read, Jacques J. M. van Dongen, Magdalena A. Berkowska
Summary: This study used high-dimensional flow cytometry to monitor the cellular responses to Bordetella pertussis challenge in the blood of 15 healthy donors. The results showed that individuals protected against colonization exhibited different early cellular responses compared to colonized individuals. These early cellular immune responses can be further characterized and potentially linked to an efficient mucosal immune response, ultimately evaluating the protective efficacy of new B. pertussis vaccine candidates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Adam P. Dale, Anastasia A. Theodosiou, Diane F. Gbesemete, Jonathan M. Guy, Eleanor F. Jones, Alison R. Hill, Muktar M. Ibrahim, Hans de Graaf, Muhammad Ahmed, Saul N. Faust, Andrew R. Gorringe, Marta E. Polak, Jay R. Laver, Robert C. Read
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate whether colonization with N. lactamica induces N. lactamica-specific B-cell responses that are cross-reactive with N. meningitidis. The results showed that colonization with N. lactamica significantly increased the frequency of N. lactamica-specific plasma cells and memory B cells, as well as enhanced the response to N. meningitidis-specific B cells.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rodrigo C. Menezes, Isabella B. B. Ferreira, Luciana Sobral, Stefania L. Garcia, Hugo N. Pustilnik, Mariana Araujo-Pereira, Bruno B. Andrade
Summary: This study aimed to identify the clinical features associated with viral pathogens responsible for severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children. The study found that different viral agents have distinct associations with clinical features in children.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ambrina Khatoon, Syed F. Hussain, Syed M. Shahid, Santosh Kumar Sidhwani, Salman Ahmed Khan, Omer Ahmed Shaikh, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan
Summary: Despite the increasing incidence of Staphylococcus aureus infection and dissemination in Pakistan, research on the epidemiology of different Staphylococcus aureus clones has been limited. This study used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to analyze the epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in the area, finding high diversity of locally circulating clones defined by their geographic epidemiology.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2024)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Amir Khorram-Manesh, Krzysztof Goniewicz, Frederick M. Burkle Jr
Summary: This article discusses the management approach for globalized diseases in a globalized world. Through literature review and analysis, key focuses including data-driven decision-making, robust technology infrastructure, global cooperation, and ongoing public health education are identified. The weaknesses of current pandemic management systems are revealed, and recommendations for strengthening future pandemic management are provided.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mst S. Munira, Yuta Okada, Hiroshi Nishiura
Summary: This study estimates the life expectancy at birth in Japan at the end of 2022 using death datasets from Aichi and Fukui prefectures. The results suggest that the impact of the pandemic on life expectancy was relatively small by the end of 2022.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2024)