期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 7, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00477
关键词
tertiary lymphoid structures; chemokines; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; lymphotoxin alpha1; beta2 heterotrimer; fibroblasts
类别
资金
- Arthritis Research UK [20298]
- Medical Research Council [MR/M009157/1, G9818340, 1483629] Funding Source: researchfish
- Versus Arthritis [21236, 19791] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [MR/M009157/1, G9818340] Funding Source: UKRI
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are organized aggregates of lymphocytes, myeloid, and stromal cells that provide ectopic hubs for acquired immune responses. TLS share phenotypical and functional features with secondary lymphoid organs (SLO); however, they require persistent inflammatory signals to arise and are often observed at target sites of autoimmune disease, chronic infection, cancer, and organ transplantation. Over the past 10 years, important progress has been made in our understanding of the role of stromal fibroblasts in SLO development, organization, and function. A complex and stereotyped series of events regulate fibroblast differentiation from embryonic life in SLOs to lymphoid organ architecture observed in adults. In contrast, TLS-associated fibroblasts differentiate from postnatal, locally activated mesenchyme, predominantly in settings of inflammation and persistent antigen presentation. Therefore, there are critical differences in the cellular and molecular requirements that regulate SLO versus TLS development that ultimately impact on stromal and hematopoietic cell function. These differences may contribute to the pathogenic nature of TLS in the context of chronic inflammation and malignant transformation and offer a window of opportunity for therapeutic interventions in TLS associated pathologies.
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