Article
Microbiology
Jin Jin, Jiani Wang, Ruyue Cheng, Yan Ren, Zhonghua Miao, Yating Luo, Qingqing Zhou, Yigui Xue, Xi Shen, Fang He, Haoming Tian
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the possible anti-obesity effects of orlistat and ezetimibe and determine the mechanism by which they alter the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in mice with a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. The administration of orlistat and ezetimibe can characteristically influence the body weight and serum lipid metabolism, and glucolipid levels in diet-induced obese mice and is accompanied by significant changes in the gut microbiota and SCFAs.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lingmiao Wen, Wei Xiong, Guihua Wei, Liudai Zhang, Yanjun Liu, Tinglan Zhang, Alvin Altamirano, Qiaozhi Yin, Tiane Zhang, Zhiyong Yan
Summary: Growing evidence suggests a link between gut microbiota and atherosclerosis (AS). This study established an AS rat model through long-term high-fat diet feeding. Pathological and microbiota changes in the rat's ileum and colon were examined, and correlations between AS and gut microbiota were analyzed. The study found varying degrees of pathological damage and microbiota disturbance in the ileum and colon of AS rats. This article contributes to the understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota in different gut segments and AS and provides new approaches to gut microbiota intervention for AS treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Celine Cansell, Katharina Stobbe, Clara Sanchez, Ophelia Le Thuc, Coralie-Anne Mosser, Selma Ben-Fradj, Joris Leredde, Cynthia Lebeaupin, Delphine Debayle, Lucile Fleuriot, Frederic Brau, Nadege Devaux, Alexandre Benani, Etienne Audinat, Nicolas Blondeau, Jean-Louis Nahon, Carole Rovere
Summary: Obesity in humans is associated with brain inflammation, glial reactivity, and immune cell infiltration. Studies in rodents have shown that glial reactivity occurs shortly after consuming a high-fat diet, even before obesity develops, primarily in the hypothalamus. This postprandial inflammation in the brain may contribute to the development of obesity and requires further characterization.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elanur Dastan, Omer F. Celik, Orhan Bas, Zafer Bulut, Stephen R. Lindemann, Mehmet I. Tugay, Muhammet Degermenci, Beyza Suvarikli-Alan, Mehmet Nizamlioglu, Yunus E. Tuncil
Summary: This study investigated the impact of hazelnut dietary fiber on colonic microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acids. The results showed that hazelnut dietary fiber increased the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria and stimulated the production of beneficial microbial metabolites. Additionally, hazelnut skin was found to have potential for producing functional dietary fiber targeting colonic health.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Akihito Harusato, Benoit Chassaing, Charlene J. G. Dauriat, Chihiro Ushiroda, Wooseok Seo, Yoshito Itoh
Summary: Dietary emulsifiers, specifically Polysorbate-80, exacerbate food allergy symptoms by increasing OVA-specific IgE production and accelerating type 2 cytokine expressions in the colon. The intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in food allergy and type 2 immune responses.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Jianmei Yang, Enli Wang, Mingmin Jiang, Yujun Tan, Fangfang Yao, Chenghong Sun, Lihong Pan, Ling Gao, Jingchun Yao
Summary: This study compared the characteristics of gut microbiota and metabolite profiles between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and orlistat-treated PCOS rats (ORL-PCOS), revealing that orlistat exerted a PCOS treatment effect by modifying the structure and composition of the gut microbiota, as well as the metabolite profiles of PCOS rats.
JOURNAL OF OVARIAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qinjun Zhang, Liangxiao Zhang, Cheng Chen, Peiwu Li, Baiyi Lu
Summary: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a major global cause of death, and the gut microbiota and its metabolites are now known to play a pivotal role in its onset and progression, forming the GM-artery axis. There are interactions between dietary lipids and the gut microbiota, which ultimately affect atherosclerosis. The GM-artery axis acts as a communication bridge between dietary lipids and atherosclerosis.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elisa Mattavelli, Alberico Luigi Catapano, Andrea Baragetti
Summary: Current guidelines recommend reducing dietary fat intake to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Recent research suggests that the inflammatory potential of different dietary fats may play a role in atherosclerosis beyond their metabolic effects. Studies on dietary fat metabolism and its impact on CVD outcomes are still ongoing, with challenges in trial design and observational data interpretation.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Tong Zhu, Baixi Zhang, Yan Feng, Zhaofeng Li, Xiaoshu Tang, Xiaofeng Ban, Haocun Kong, Caiming Li
Summary: This study compared the effects of three cyclodextrins (CDs) on high-fat diet-fed mice and found that different CDs can prevent fat accumulation and regulate gut microbiota through different mechanisms. These findings provide new potential strategies for obesity prevention.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shanghang Liu, Zhiyong Fan
Summary: Low-protein diets can alleviate protein resource shortage and nitrogen emission from the pig industry. The effects of low-protein diet on growth performance, meat quality, and gut health have been studied. This study aims to investigate the effects of low-protein diets on serum biochemical parameters and colonic microflora of finishing pigs.
Article
Biology
Theresa Rohm, Lena Keller, Angela J. T. Bosch, Shefaa AlAsfoor, Zora Baumann, Amandine Thomas, Sophia J. Wiedemann, Laura Steiger, Elise Dalmas, Josua Wehner, Leila Rachid, Catherine Mooser, Bahtiyar Yilmaz, Nerea Fernandez Trigo, Annaise J. Jauch, Stephan Wueest, Daniel Konrad, Sandrine Henri, Jan H. Niess, Petr Hruz, Stephanie C. Ganal-Vonarburg, Julien Roux, Daniel T. Meier, Claudia Cavelti-Weder
Summary: Expansion of pro-inflammatory macrophages in the colon occurs early after high-fat diet initiation, prior to macrophage accumulation in the adipose tissue, in a microbiome-dependent fashion. Macrophage depletion systemically and/or exclusively in the colon improves glucose metabolism. This study highlights the importance of colonic macrophage subpopulations in regulating glucose homeostasis and suggests that pharmacological targeting of these macrophages may be a potential therapy for obesity-related glycemic control.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana Belen Granado-Serrano, Meritxell Martin-Gari, Virginia Sanchez, Marissa Riart Solans, Antonia Lafarga Giribets, Rebeca Berdun, Ester Vilaprinyo, Manuel Portero-Otin, Jose C. E. Serrano
Summary: The study found that dietary fiber supplementation can affect gut microbiota and blood lipid regulation, but not all individuals have a positive response to dietary fiber treatment, and some may lack the ability to maintain a stable SCFA-producing bacterial diversity and composition.
Article
Oncology
Soeren Ocvirk, Stephen J. D. O'Keefe
Summary: The risk of colorectal cancer is primarily influenced by environmental factors, particularly diet. High dietary fat intake is associated with the formation of pre-neoplastic lesions and colonic tumorigenesis, mainly due to its effects on gut microbiota composition and metabolism, especially in relation to bile acids. Alterations in bile acid metabolism, linked to fat-mediated changes in gut microbiota, are implicated in CRC risk and tumorigenesis by influencing intestinal and hepatic cross-signaling.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pan Wang, Yue Ma, Dan Wang, Wenting Zhao, Xiaosong Hu, Fang Chen, Xiaoyan Zhao
Summary: This study found that resveratrol (RSV) exhibits anti-inflammation effects in obesity by modulating the gut microbiota's structure. RSV supplementation reduced fat accumulation and improved systemic inflammation in HFD-fed mice. Fecal microbiota transplantation experiments confirmed the role of gut microbiota in mediating these anti-inflammation effects.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Custers, E. M. Emma, Kiliaan, J. Amanda
Summary: Dietary habits have changed in Western societies over the last few decades, with certain fatty acids being linked to metabolic disorders and brain disorders. Neuroinflammation may result from unhealthy diets, with different fatty acids playing a role in either increasing or decreasing inflammation and affecting neuronal function.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naschla Gasaly, Martin Gotteland
Summary: This study evaluates the use of dietary polyphenols, specifically tannins, in reducing the production of harmful metabolites in the colon. Tannins have shown promising results in farm animals by decreasing levels of ammonia, p-cresol, skatole, and H2S, improving meat/milk quality and reducing manure odor. Fewer studies have been conducted in rats and humans, but results suggest potential benefits for human health as well.
Article
Microbiology
Susana Ruiz-Ruiz, Carolina A. Ponce, Nicole Pesantes, Rebeca Bustamante, Gianna Gatti, Viviana San Martin, Mireya Gutierrez, Pamela Borquez, Sergio L. Vargas, Fabien Magne, Enrique J. Calderon, Vicente Perez-Brocal, Andres Moya
Summary: A new real-time PCR assay using SYBR Green has been developed for the detection of low levels of Pneumocystis jirovecii with higher sensitivity. This assay targets two regions simultaneously using two primer sets, and it has been found to be more rapid and simpler compared to the current nested-PCR methods. The new assay was able to detect P. jirovecii in samples that were negative for both rounds of nested-PCR, demonstrating its ability to detect low levels of the pathogen.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Cecilia S. Toro, Juan Carlos Salazar, David A. Montero, Juan Antonio Ugalde, Janepsy Diaz, Leandro A. Cadiz, Tania Henriquez, Camila Garcia, Patricia Diaz, Rossanna Camponovo, German Hermosilla, Maria Teresa Ulloa
Summary: Shigellosis is an enteric infectious disease caused by Shigella spp., with antibiotic treatment being effective in reducing symptoms and pathogen excretion. The study in Chile identified a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant S. sonnei strains, with different resistance phenotypes and associated genetic elements present across different time periods. Specific resistance genes like SRL PAI and atypical class 1 integrons were detected, with temporal dynamics showing the spread of MGE conferring MDR phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Felipe Vasquez-Ponce, Sebastian Higuera-Llanten, Juan Paras-Silva, Nicolas Gamboa-Acuna, Jimena Cortes, Andres Opazo-Capurro, Juan A. Ugalde, Manuel Alcalde-Rico, Jorge Olivares-Pacheco
Summary: The genetic characterization of clinically relevant class 1 integrons carried by multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from the intestinal microbiota of aquaculture salmon treated with high concentrations of antibiotics was investigated. The prevalence of conserved integron elements and variable regions (VRs) was determined in 82 multidrug resistant bacterial isolates. Whole genome sequencing and genetic analysis were performed in VR-positive isolates. The results showed a low prevalence of integron conserved elements, and only a few isolates carried VRs with gene cassettes. The study also revealed the presence of clinically relevant VRs and antibiotic resistance genes in plasmids, indicating the potential for easy transfer. The findings highlight the importance of controlling antibiotic use in aquaculture to prevent the escalation of antibiotic resistance.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Carolina Ramirez, Maria Soledad Gutierrez, Lucas Venegas, Catalina Sapag, Carolina Araya, Mario Caruffo, Paulina Lopez, Angelica Reyes-Jara, Magaly Toro, Gerardo Gonzalez-Rocha, Jose Manuel Yanez, Paola Navarrete
Summary: The study investigated the bacterial microbiota composition of Mytilus cultivated near salmonid farms and determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to florfenicol and oxytetracycline of its culturable bacteria. Results showed that sampling year affected alpha diversity of Mytilus microbiota, and a negative correlation was found in 2018 between alpha diversity and the tonnes of florfenicol reported. Proximity to salmon farms and sampling year influenced Mytilus microbiota and MIC values of bacterial isolates.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Alequis Pavon, Diego Riquelme, Victor Jana, Cristian Iribarren, Camila Manzano, Carmen Lopez-Joven, Sebastian Reyes-Cerpa, Paola Navarrete, Leonardo Pavez, Katherine Garcia
Summary: Anthropogenic pollution greatly impacts the water quality of marine ecosystems, particularly heavy metals and antibiotics. Bivalves, as important ecological components, can bioaccumulate pollutants but are also affected by heavy metals and antibiotics, including their microbiome. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria show higher tolerance to heavy metals, possibly through co- and cross-resistance pathways. This review focuses on the co-occurrence of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance in Vibrio spp. and explores the contamination situation in Chile, specifically in the main bivalves-producing region for human consumption, considering the potential transmission of antibiotic resistance genes through the ingestion of contaminated seafood.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Magaly Toro, Jessica Williams-Vergara, Camila Solar, Ana Maria Quesille-Villalobos, Hee Jin Kwon, Paola Navarrete, Jianghong Meng, Yi Chen, Angelica Reyes-Jara
Summary: Listeria monocytogenes, a major foodborne pathogen, was found in ready-to-eat meals in cafeterias, showing contamination risks from both food and environment. Failures in good manufacturing practices (GMP) at foodservice operations could increase the likelihood of consumer exposure to this pathogen.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Jose Contreras-Gomez, Jose R. W. Martinez, Lina Rivas, Roberto Riquelme-Neira, Juan A. Ugalde, Aniela Wozniak, Patricia Garcia, Jose M. Munita, Jorge Olivares-Pacheco, Manuel Alcalde-Rico
Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a pathogen that urgently requires new drugs and control methods. Combining beta-lactam drugs with beta-lactamase inhibitors is the primary strategy against this bacterium. This study found that RND efflux pumps play a role in the susceptibility of CRPA to certain combination antibiotics.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Saurav Sarkar, Fabien Magne, Giriprasad Venugopal, Suvendu Purkait, Naresh V. R. Mutha, Rituparna Maiti, Prity Sharma, Balamurugan Ramadass
Summary: The study found that using manuka honey as a prebiotic treatment can improve clinical symptoms and nasal microbiome composition in patients with atrophic rhinitis. After treatment with manuka honey, endoscopic scores and clinical symptoms improved, with decreased inflammation, restoration of mucus glands, and increased expression of GPR43 in the nasal cavities.
Article
Microbiology
Ana Zarate, Veronica Molina, Jorge Valdes, Gonzalo Icaza, Sue Ellen Vega, Alexis Castillo, Juan A. Ugalde, Cristina Dorador
Summary: This study used environmental DNA and RNA (eDNA/eRNA) monitoring methods to investigate the response of benthic marine microbial communities in polluted coastal areas of northern Chile to copper and iron fractioning sediment deposition. The results showed significant differences in microbial communities, and the habitat influenced microbial co-occurrence networks. Additionally, specific families of microorganisms showed significant differences between different regions. Furthermore, the predicted functional microbial structure suggested that microbial communities can respond to metals and environmental factors through transporters and DNA repair. The method used in this study has the potential to enhance the understanding of real-time microbial assemblages and improve biomonitoring programs for the marine environment.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Martin Gotteland, Alejandra Zazueta, Jose Luis Pino, Andrea Fresard, Veronica Sambra, Juana Codoceo, Maria Jose Cires, Ximena Lopez, Juan Pablo Vivanco, Fabien Magne
Summary: Cereal beta-glucans have positive effects on cholesterolemia, glycaemia, digestive hormones, and gut microbiota. Acute intake of 5 g beta-glucan from oats slows transit time, decreases hunger sensation and postprandial glycaemia, and alters hormone levels without affecting bile-acid synthesis. However, regular daily intake of 3 g beta-glucan does not have an effect on fecal microbiota composition.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sandra Lopez-Arana, Rebeca Peralta, Veronica Sambra, Karen Abrigo, Gabriel Prado, Paola Caceres, Bielka Carvajal, Martin Gotteland
Summary: Studies on NNSs' effects on pregnant women are scarce and produce mixed results. Accurately assessing NNS intake is a major challenge, especially in countries with obesity prevention policies and reformulated foods. This study developed and evaluated the validity of an FFQ for pregnant women's NNS intake. The FFQ showed reasonable validity, with correlations ranging from 0.50 to 0.83 and slight overestimation or underestimation of certain NNSs compared to 3-DR.
Article
Microbiology
Samira Reinoso, Maria Soledad Gutierrez, Cristobal Dominguez-Borbor, Wilfrido Arguello-Guevara, Milton Bohorquez-Cruz, Stanislaus Sonnenholzner, Daniela Nova-Baza, Claudia Mardones, Paola Navarrete
Summary: This study evaluated the potential probiotic strains from the intestines of cobia, a tropical fish species. Three yeast strains were selected as potential probiotics based on their protective ability and bioactivity towards cobia larvae.
Article
Microbiology
Samira Reinoso, Maria Soledad Gutierrez, Angelica Reyes-Jara, Magaly Toro, Katherine Garcia, Guillermo Reyes, Wilfrido Arguello-Guevara, Milton Bohorquez-Cruz, Stanislaus Sonnenholzner, Paola Navarrete
Summary: The bacterial and fungal communities in the gut of cobia, a tropical fish species, were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the composition and diversity of these communities were not significantly affected by different diets fed to the fish.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Catalina Carrasco-Pozo, Vicky M. Avery
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the role of dietary components and their microbiota-derived metabolites in the initiation of lung cancer. Natural compounds and metabolites, such as sulforaphane, apigenin, quercetin, and gallic acid, were found to reduce cell viability and glycolysis in early-stage lung cancer cells. Moreover, sulforaphane and quercetin metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, completely prevented the increase in glycolysis induced by hemin and PhIP in early-stage lung cancer cells.
ACS FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)