Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Hanna K. Sanoff
Summary: The cure rate for nonmetastatic rectal cancer has been improving over the years, with surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy being the routine treatment. Recent studies have shown that adding multiagent chemotherapy to radiation therapy before proctectomy can significantly increase the 3-year disease-free survival rate. However, this treatment approach also comes with severe long-term sequelae.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yuka Ahiko, Dai Shida, Yozo Kudose, Yuya Nakamura, Konosuke Moritani, Shinichi Yamauchi, Kenichi Sugihara, Yukihide Kanemitsu
Summary: This study compared the recurrence hazard of stage III rectal cancer with that of colon cancer by adjuvant chemotherapy status using the hazard function. The results showed that adjuvant chemotherapy delayed the peak of recurrence and suppressed distant recurrence in rectal cancer patients, similar to what is observed in colon cancer patients.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adam R. Markowski, Agnieszka U. Blachnio-Zabielska, Karolina Pogodzinska, Anna J. Markowska, Piotr Zabielski
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous group of tumors with varied clinical and pathological features based on anatomical location. Sphingolipids play a role in cancer formation and progression, and their changes are important in carcinogenesis. This study analyzed the sphingolipid profile in colorectal cancer and found differences in cellular sphingolipid amounts between rectal and colonic cancer. The study also revealed qualitative and quantitative disturbances in sphingolipid metabolism in colorectal cancer, indicating the complexity of changes during cancer development depending on the tumor's location.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biology
Sara Cherri, Laura Melocchi, Laura Gandolfi, Giulio Rossi, Alberto Zaniboni
Summary: In recent years, precision medicine has gained importance in medical oncology, including colorectal cancer, and has led to the discovery of new targeted treatments for previously untargetable mutations, such as KRAS G12C. This has stimulated scientific research on other potential targets of KRAS and combination treatments to overcome drug resistance. The prognostic role of the KRAS mutation has also become significant and can aid in therapeutic decision-making within a multidisciplinary team approach.
Article
Oncology
Chun-Chi Lin, Te-Hung Chen, Yu-Chung Wu, Chuan-Yin Fang, Jaw-Yuan Wang, Chou-Pin Chen, Kai-Wen Huang, Jeng-Kai Jiang
Summary: Taiwan has seen a rise in colorectal cancer cases, with 40-60% of them metastasizing. Continuous updating of cytoreductive strategies in metastatic CRC has improved overall survival to 40 months. A group of experts from TSCRS in Taiwan established evidence-based recommendations for defining resectability criteria in mCRC through consultations and discussions. The final consensus includes eight recommendations regarding metastasis resection criteria, local control treatment in liver resectable patients, synchronous liver metastases management, peritoneal metastasis approach, resection in multiple-organ metastasis, and general resectability criteria. Patients undergoing R0 resection have the greatest survival advantage, and MDTs play a key role in providing rapid and safe treatment. The TSCRS consensus statement aims to enhance clinical capacity within MDTs and optimize healthcare resources.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiaofeng Jiang, Hengyu Zhao, Oliver Lester Saldanha, Sven Nebelung, Christiane Kuhl, Iakovos Amygdalos, Sven Arke Lang, Xiaojian Wu, Xiaochun Meng, Daniel Truhn, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Jia Ke
Summary: A deep learning model based on preoperative MRI scans was developed and validated to predict survival in patients with rectal cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ali Mohamed, Harry Menon, Marina Chulkina, Nelson S. Yee, Irina V. Pinchuk
Summary: Colon adenocarcinoma is a common and lethal malignancy where chemotherapy plays a crucial role. The gut microbiome is important in colon cancer development and treatment, with antibiotics potentially impacting clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to explore microbiota interventions for improved chemotherapy outcomes in colon cancer patients.
Article
Immunology
Irina Larionova, Marina Patysheva, Pavel Iamshchikov, Elena Kazakova, Anna Kazakova, Militsa Rakina, Evgeniya Grigoryeva, Anna Tarasova, Sergei Afanasiev, Natalia Bezgodova, Artem Kiselev, Alexey Dobrodeev, Dmitriy Kostromitskiy, Nadezhda Cherdyntseva, Julia Kzhyshkowska
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of tumors on monocyte programming and the influence of treatment timing on monocyte programming in circulation. The results showed differences in phenotype and transcriptome of monocytes between colon cancer and rectal cancer patients, which affected tumor metastasis and growth. Additionally, the study identified a correlation between the expression of PFKFB3 gene in colon cancer and the number and promoting properties of tumor-associated macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Li-Chun Chang, Chia-Tung Shun, Been-Ren Lin, Silvia Sanduleanu, Weng-Feng Hsu, Ming-Shiang Wu, Han-Mo Chiu
Summary: A study conducted at the National Taiwan University Hospital from 2005 to 2014 compared the disease-free survival of T1 cancer arising from the rectum versus the colon. The results showed that T1 rectal cancer had a higher risk of recurrence compared to T1 colon cancer, with rectal location being an independent risk factor for recurrence. Further research is needed to explore whether adjuvant therapy or closer surveillance can reduce the risk of recurrence in T1 rectal cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiangxiang Xu, Meng Zhang, Xiaoyan Liu, Mingze Chai, Lu Diao, Lin Ma, Shuang Nie, Minghao Xu, Yipeng Wang, Fengfeng Mo, Mi Liu
Summary: Probiotics play a crucial role in immune modulation and can potentially enhance the effectiveness of cancer vaccines. Lipid membrane coating of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium longum improves their activity and colonization in the colon. The combination of probiotics formulation with cancer nanovaccines shows promising preventive and therapeutic efficacy in colon cancer mouse models.
Article
Surgery
Supparerk Laohawiriyakamol, Siripong Chewatanakornkul, Worawit Wanichsuwan, Sakchai Ruangsin, Somkiat Sunpaweravong, Tanan Bejrananda
Summary: Urogenital dysfunction is a common complication after surgery for sigmoid colon or rectal cancers, and it may result from various causes. This study evaluated urogenital dysfunction and associated factors after laparoscopic surgery at different follow-up times. The results showed that voiding function improved, but sexual function deteriorated, especially in male patients. Age <= 60 years and postoperative complications were strongly associated with male sexual dysfunction.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vincenzo L'Imperio, Ellery Wulczyn, Markus Plass, Heimo Mueller, Nicolo Tamini, Luca Gianotti, Nicola Zucchini, Robert Reihs, Greg S. Corrado, Dale R. Webster, Lily H. Peng, Po-Hsuan Cameron Chen, Marialuisa Lavitrano, Yun Liu, David F. Steiner, Kurt Zatloukal, Fabio Pagni
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the association between pathologist scoring of a histopathologic feature identified by machine learning and survival among patients with colon cancer. The results showed that pathologists were able to learn and score the feature, providing significant risk stratification on an independent dataset.
Review
Oncology
Amy Body, Hans Prenen, Sarah Latham, Marissa Lam, Samuel Tipping-Smith, Ajay Raghunath, Eva Segelov
Summary: Neoadjuvant systemic therapy offers potential advantages in cancer treatment, but is not yet standard for colon cancer patients. Limitations include inaccurate staging, concerns about tumor progression during preoperative treatment, and a lack of randomized data demonstrating its benefits.
CANCER MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Dion Morton, Matthew Seymour, Laura Magill, Kelly Handley, James Glasbey, Bengt Glimelius, Andy Palmer, Jenny Seligmann, Soren Laurberg, Keigo Murakami, Nick West, Philip Quirke, Richard Gray, FOxTROT Collaborative Grp
Summary: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy shows potential benefits for locally advanced colon cancer compared to postoperative chemotherapy. In this study, patients with radiologically staged T3-4, N0-2, M0 colon cancer were randomly assigned to receive 6 weeks of preoperative oxaliplatin-fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy followed by either 18 or 24 weeks postoperatively. Results indicate that neoadjuvant chemotherapy results in marked downstaging of tumors and lower rates of incomplete resections and disease recurrence within 2 years.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Francesco Sclafani, Claudia Corro, Thibaud Koessler
Summary: Rectal cancers make up one third of all colorectal tumors and pose challenges such as reducing risks of relapse, preserving sphincter function, and improving overall survival. Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has shown some improvements in outcomes for locally advanced rectal cancer, but questions remain regarding patient selection criteria for this intensive treatment.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David S. Weinberg, Perry J. Pickhardt, David H. Bruining, Kristin Edwards, Joel G. Fletcher, Marc J. Gollub, Eileen M. Keenan, Sonia S. Kupfer, Tianyu Li, Sam J. Lubner, Arnold J. Markowitz, Eric A. Ross
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carlos G. Coriano, Fabao Liu, Chelsie K. Sievers, Muxuan Liang, Yidan Wang, Yoongho Lim, Menggang Yu, Wei Xu
MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Anjuli R. Cherukuri, Meghan G. Lubner, Ryan Zea, J. Louis Hinshaw, Sam J. Lubner, Kristina A. Matkowskyj, Marcia L. Foltz, Perry J. Pickhardt
ABDOMINAL RADIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Vaibhav Sahai, Paul J. Catalano, Mark M. Zalupski, Sam Joseph Lubner, Mark R. Menge, Halla Sayed Nimeiri, Hidayatullah G. Munshi, Al Bowen Benson, Peter J. O'Dwyer
Article
Oncology
Jeremy D. Kratz, Nataliya V. Uboha, Sam J. Lubner, Daniel L. Mulkerin, Linda Clipson, Yanyao Yi, Menggang Yu, Kristina A. Matkowskyj, Noelle K. LoConte, Dustin A. Deming
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE CANCER NETWORK
(2018)
Article
Oncology
Nataliya V. Uboha, Sam J. Lubner, Noelle K. LoConte, Daniel L. Mulkerin, Jens C. Eickhoff, Dustin A. Deming
INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUGS
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa, Teresa Macarulla, Milind M. Javle, Robin K. Kelley, Sam J. Lubner, Jorge Adeva, James M. Cleary, Daniel V. Catenacci, Mitesh J. Borad, John Bridgewater, William P. Harris, Adrian G. Murphy, Do-Youn Oh, Jonathan Whisenant, Maeve A. Lowery, Lipika Goyal, Rachna T. Shroff, Anthony B. El-Khoueiry, Bin Fan, Bin Wu, Christina X. Chamberlain, Liewen Jiang, Camelia Gliser, Shuchi S. Pandya, Juan W. Valle, Andrew X. Zhu
Article
Oncology
Jacob S. Witt, Aleksandra Kuczmarska-Haas, Meghan Lubner, Scott B. Reeder, Steve Y. Cho, Rebecca Minter, Sharon Weber, Sean Ronnekleiv-Kelly, Daniel Abbott, Noelle LoConte, Daniel L. Mulkerin, Sam J. Lubner, Nataliya V. Uboha, Dustin Deming, Mark A. Ritter, Pranshu Mohindra, Michael F. Bassetti
Summary: The study explored the toxicity and feasibility of neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) with concurrent capecitabine and elective nodal irradiation (ENI) followed by surgical resection for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. SBRT was safely dose escalated to 35 Gy in 5 fractions along with concurrent capecitabine and ENI, with all patients completing surgery having RO resections. Moderate treatment effect was identified in over half of the patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Andrew X. Zhu, Teresa Macarulla, Milind M. Javle, R. Kate Kelley, Sam J. Lubner, Jorge Adeva, James M. Cleary, Daniel V. T. Catenacci, Mitesh J. Borad, John A. Bridgewater, William P. Harris, Adrian G. Murphy, Do-Youn Oh, Jonathan R. Whisenant, Maeve A. Lowery, Lipika Goyal, Rachna T. Shroff, Anthony B. El-Khoueiry, Christina X. Chamberlain, Elia Aguado-Fraile, Sung Choe, Bin Wu, Hua Liu, Camelia Gliser, Shuchi S. Pandya, Juan W. Valle, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa
Summary: The study found that ivosidenib was well tolerated and led to a favorable overall survival benefit compared to placebo, despite a high crossover rate.
Article
Oncology
Emily A. Knott, Timothy J. Ziemlewicz, Sam J. Lubner, John F. Swietlik, Sharon M. Weber, Annie M. Zlevor, Colin Longhurst, J. Louis Hinshaw, Meghan G. Lubner, Daniel L. Mulkerin, Daniel E. Abbott, Dustin Deming, Noelle K. LoConte, Nataliya Uboha, Allison B. Couillard, Shane A. Wells, Paul F. Laeseke, Marci L. Alexander, Fred T. Lee
Summary: The study evaluated the safety and intermediate-term efficacy of percutaneous microwave ablation for colorectal liver metastases at a single institution. Results showed excellent local tumor control and prolonged survival in selected patients compared to historical controls, indicating the potential of microwave ablation as a treatment option for this condition.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Meghan G. Lubner, Will G. Larison, Rao Watson, Shane A. Wells, Timothy J. Ziemlewicz, Sam J. Lubner, Perry J. Pickhardt
Summary: Percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCCA) showed lower diagnostic yield at initial stage despite larger lesion size, requiring prompt repeat biopsy if results are discordant with imaging. The control group had higher diagnostic rate and shorter average time to diagnosis.
ABDOMINAL RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Alyssa A. Leystra, Brock J. Gilsdorf, Amanda M. Wisinger, Elise R. Warda, Shanna Wiegand, Christopher D. Zahm, Kristina A. Matkowskyj, Dustin A. Deming, Naghma Khan, Quincy Rosemarie, Chelsie K. Sievers, Alexander R. Schwartz, Dawn M. Albrecht, Linda Clipson, Hasan Mukhtar, Michael A. Newton, Richard B. Halberg
Summary: The study found that intestinal tumors with a multi-ancestral architecture involving at least two distinct clones exhibited increased growth and invasiveness, along with an impact on the response to low-dose aspirin. Genetically distinct tumor-founding cells can contribute to early intratumoral heterogeneity, enhancing colon tumor progression and affecting the response to aspirin.
Article
Oncology
Meghan G. Lubner, Nicholas Stabo, Sam J. Lubner, Alejandro Munoz del Rio, Chihwa Song, Perry J. Pickhardt
CLINICAL COLORECTAL CANCER
(2017)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Perry J. Pickhardt, Kristin Edwards, David H. Bruining, Marc Gollub, Sonja Kupfer, Sam J. Lubner, David H. Kim, Eric Ross, Eileen Keenan, David S. Weinberg
DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM
(2017)
Review
Oncology
Sam J. Lubner, Nataliya V. Uboha, Dustin A. Deming
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2017)