Article
Construction & Building Technology
Meisam Mohammadi, Mohammad Javad Ramezani
Summary: The main objective of this article is to investigate the response of different fiber metal laminates to low velocity impact experimentally and numerically via FEM. Two different FML samples (GLARE/CARALL) made of 7075-T6 aluminum sheets and polymeric composites reinforced by E-glass/carbon fibers are tested by drop weight machine. The maximum deflection, delamination and damages in laminates and geometry's effect of projectiles on the laminate response are studied. Results show that GLARE samples have a more apparent maximum deflection compared to CARALL samples.
STEEL AND COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Review
Automation & Control Systems
Hamza El Etri, Mehmet Erdi Korkmaz, Munish Kumar Gupta, Mustafa Gunay, Jinyang Xu
Summary: Reduction of weight elements is a major objective for manufacturing companies. Fiber metal laminate (FML) is a lightweight material that has potential applications in various industries, such as aerospace. This paper analyzes important information about the mechanical characteristics of FMLs under different conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Gang Wei, Chenyu Hao, Jingyu Ai, Yan Feng, Yunfei Deng
Summary: This work studied the failure mode and ballistic protection capability of a carbon fiber aluminum alloy laminated target plate under high-speed projectile impact through ballistic impact tests. The impact resistance of the laminated aluminum alloy and carbon fiber laminates was analyzed considering lamination sequence and warhead shape differences. Results showed that the lamination sequence had a significant effect on anti-impact performance only for flat head projectiles, while ovoid projectiles had little effect. In the fiber-metal composite configuration, placing an aluminum plate in front of the carbon fiber plate exhibited the best resistance to flat head bullet impact, with a ballistic limit speed of 135 m/s and a 26% overall improvement in impact resistance compared to other configurations. Unlike flat head projectiles, ovoid projectile impacts caused severe tensile and tear damage.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sang-Eui Lee, Dong-Uk Kim, Yong-Jun Cho, Hyoung-Seock Seo
Summary: Experiments and finite element simulations were conducted to study multiple impact behavior on GLARE 5-2/1 and aluminum 2024-T3, showing good agreement between experimental and FEM results.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinyu Qi, Xiaopeng Wu, Youkun Gong, Huiming Ning, Feng Liu, Rui Zou, Shengbing Zhou, Zengrui Song, Chenxin Xiang, Ning Hu
Summary: The study found that using two fillers at the interface of glass fiber-aluminum laminates can simultaneously improve the Mode-I and Mode-II fracture toughness of the laminates. Due to the better dispersion of nano-aramid fibers in the epoxy matrix, their toughening performance is better than that of short-aramid fibers in this case.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
M. Smolnicki, G. Lesiuk, Sz Duda, A. M. P. de Jesus
Summary: This article reviews different approaches to finite element analysis of fibre metal laminates based on published articles and the authors' own experiences. The interface between the metal and the composite layer is highlighted as a crucial factor in modelling fibre metal laminates. The quality of the different approaches is evaluated based on literature review and own research.
ARCHIVES OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Mohammed Jamsheed, Faizan Mohammad Rashid, R. Velmurugan
Summary: A detailed experimental investigation was conducted on the high-velocity ballistic response of AA 1100-H14 carbon-fiber metal laminates (FMLs). The FMLs were found to absorb more impact energy and provide better ballistic performance compared to pure carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composite laminates. The thickness and metal volume fraction of the FMLs were found to play a significant role in determining their ballistic properties.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Evren Sonat, Sezer Ozerinc
Summary: The study shows that increasing scarf angle reduces the tensile strength of the repaired composite structures, resulting in different types of failure. Finite element analysis using cohesive zone modeling accurately predicts the experimentally observed response, with stress concentration distribution over the bonding area playing a crucial role in determining the failure type. Further investigation reveals that adhesive defects can significantly decrease the strength of the bonded specimens.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Hassan Alshahrani, Azzam Ahmed
Summary: Manufacturers are interested in using composite materials with high strength-to-weight ratios to replace heavy metallic components in light automotive due to high demand. This study investigated the responses of automotive composite laminates with different stacking sequences to low-velocity impact damage and flexural and crash performance. The results showed that the flexural strength and modulus of automotive composite laminates strongly depended on the stacking sequence, with the stacking sequence of [[0, 90, 45, -45](2), 0, 90](S) providing the highest crash resistance.
Article
Mechanics
M. Drozdziel, P. Jakubczak, J. Bienias
Summary: This study investigates the low-velocity impact resistance of fibre metal laminates with thin-ply carbon fiber reinforced polymer compared to conventional thickness plies. The results show that the thin-ply material does not significantly improve impact resistance or change impact response compared to conventional ply thickness. The damage mechanism between thin-ply composite and conventional carbon plies are also found to be similar.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Ammar Maziz, Mostapha Tarfaoui, Lokman Gemi, Said Rechak, Mourad Nachtane
Summary: A numerical investigation was conducted on pressurized hybrid composite pipe structures subjected to impact loads. A 3D-FE model combining interlaminar and intralaminar damage models was established, with promising results in predicting damage evolution under low-velocity impact events.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Lijun Li, Wenyao Liu, Yubo Wang, Zhiyong Zhao
Summary: This paper proposes an adhesively bonded repair method based on 3D printed patches for thermoplastic laminates in the automotive industry. The results show that the load-bearing capacity of the open-hole laminates can be significantly improved through the repair method using 3D printed patches, which have better repair performance, easier manufacturing, and lower cost compared to traditional patches.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Teng Huang, Dongdong Zhang, Jun Yang, Yuan Lin, Yaxin Huang
Summary: The study investigated the axial compressive bearing capacity, failure modes, and failure mechanisms of CARALL columns with a single-channel cross section. It was found that the ultimate failure of short CARALL columns was due to delamination, and the fiber layer angle had a significant impact on interlaminar delamination resistance. A smaller fiber layer angle resulted in greater resistance against delamination, indicating the feasibility of the proposed theoretical method for predicting safe bearing capacity.
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Haichao Hu, Qiang Wei, Boya Liu, Yun Liu, Ning Hu, Quanjin Ma, Chuancai Wang
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical response and failure mechanism of carbon fibre-reinforced aluminium laminates under tensile and flexural loading conditions. The 2D Hashin and 3D Hashin VUMAT models are used for finite element analysis, and the load versus deflection curves and scanning electron microscope are employed for performance evaluation. The results reveal that the failure modes include aluminium layer fracture, fibre pull-out, fracture, and matrix tensile fracture. Both the 2D Hashin and 3D Hashin models show similar predictions in terms of performance and failure modes, but the 3D Hashin model accurately reveals the failure mechanism and propagation mechanism of carbon fibre-reinforced aluminium laminates.
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh, Saddam H. Abo Sabah, Diyar N. Qader, Siti Hasyyati Drahman, Mugahed Amran
Summary: Sandwich structures are increasingly utilized in engineering due to their high stiffness and low mass. This article reviews recent research advancements in the response of sandwich structures to low-velocity impact, examining both single and repetitive loading cases. The article discusses the failure modes of sandwich structures, the factors that influence their response, and provides recommendations for investigating sandwich structures using finite element analysis. The article also presents an overview of the observed impact resistance and potential future directions for sandwich structure development.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yu-Zhou Wang, Li Ma
Summary: A new structure combining pyramidal truss core sandwich structure with frame is proposed in this paper, showing good mechanical properties and excellent acoustic performance at low frequency. An analytical model and finite element method are used to investigate the sound transmission loss (STL) performance, and the effects of incident wave angle and geometrical parameters on STL are discussed.
JOURNAL OF SANDWICH STRUCTURES & MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yu-Zhou Wang, Li Ma
Summary: This study investigates the acoustic performance and sound insulation applications of cylindrical sandwich structures. The theoretical model is established using the space-harmonic expansion method and the principle of virtual work, taking into account the vibro-acoustic coupling. The influence of various parameters on sound transmission loss is analyzed using both theoretical and finite element models.
ACTA MECHANICA SOLIDA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Shaowei Zhu, Bing Wang, Liming Chen, Xiaojun Tan, Li Ma
Summary: This study introduces a new design strategy to improve the energy dissipation ability of parallel structures by combining multiple ST-NSS cells in parallel with a phase-differences mechanism. Experimental results verify that this strategy significantly enhances the energy dissipation ability of parallel structures and limiting the displacement range further improves this ability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Ge Qi, Li Ma, Mayara Bortolotti Rossini, Kai-Uwe Schroeder
Summary: A novel satellite structure concept with composite lattice truss core sandwich panels is proposed in this investigation. Vibration tests and finite element analysis are conducted to determine the dynamic responses of the satellite structure, showing significant mass reduction and rapid assembly potential.
Article
Mechanics
Meng-Fu Guo, Hang Yang, Li Ma
Summary: This study proposes three novel 3D double arrowhead plate-lattice (DAPL) auxetic structures, and validates their enhanced stiffness and energy absorption capacity compared to truss-lattices through experiments and numerical analysis. The study also reveals that geometrical parameters have minimal influence on the elastic constants of these structures.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Zengxian Wang, Xiaojian Chen, Guocai Yu, Jian Deng, Lijia Feng, Linzhi Wu
Summary: This paper studies the effect of surface treatment methods on the surface bonding strength of CFRP plates and demonstrates that surface microprinting technology (SMT) is an effective method. A mechanical model of CFRP honeycomb structure is established, and the theoretical formula for shear strength is deduced. The experimental results show that SMT can greatly improve the shear strength of CFRP honeycomb sandwich structure and provide technical database and guidelines for its application in the aerospace and aeronautical fields.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ge Qi, Chen-xi Liu, Kan Feng, Li Ma, Kai-Uwe Schroeder
Summary: This study provides exact analytical solutions for stress distribution within a bundled hollow cylinder under contact tractions, addressing the non-uniformity of stress distribution and developing maximum normalized stress maps for understanding stress distribution mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Yanfeng Zhang, Linzhi Wu, Yuguo Sun, Li Ma, Shidong Pan, Bing Wang, Jian Xiong, Zhengong Zhou
Summary: In this study, the influence of off-axial orientation on the pin-bearing failure behavior of 3D orthogonal woven carbon/carbon composites was evaluated using a sequential multiscale modelling strategy and experimental validation. Hierarchical numerical simulation methodology was developed to obtain precise mechanical responses, and off-axial angle sensitivity analysis was conducted. The primary damage mechanism under off-axial cases was found to be a combination of material out-of-plane swelling and yarns in-plane rotation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hang Yang, Nicholas D'Ambrosio, Peiyong Liu, Damiano Pasini, Li Ma
Summary: Shape memory materials can maintain temporary shapes without external constraints and revert to their permanent shape upon exposure to an external stimulus. This paper introduces a new approach using 3D-printable polymeric materials that do not rely on the shape memory effect to generate a robust shape memory response. The materials' shape reconfiguration and rapid recovery are solely governed by mechanical loading and temperature change, enabling programmable multistability, hyperelasticity, giant thermal deformations, and shape memory capacity.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhen-Yu Li, Xin-Tao Wang, Li Ma, Lin-Zhi Wu, Lifeng Wang
Summary: The mechanical properties of stacked origami structures can be improved by introducing fiber reinforced composites. In this study, composite stacked origami structures with different stacking angles and thickness of origami sheets are designed and fabricated using a hot molding process. Finite element simulation and experimental compression tests are conducted to investigate their mechanical properties and auxetic characteristics. The effects of origami sheets thickness and stacking angles on the in-plane and out-of-plane auxetic characteristics of the structure are discussed. The failure modes of the structures during compression are analyzed, and their energy absorption capacity is compared with other honeycomb materials.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wei-Jing Wang, Wei-Ming Zhang, Meng-Fu Guo, Jin-Shui Yang, Li Ma
Summary: This study systematically investigates the dynamic response of windmill-like star-hexagon (WSH) honeycombs through theoretical calculations, numerical simulations, and experimental methods. The static and dynamic plateau stresses of WSH honeycombs are calculated, and critical velocities leading to different deformation modes are determined. Furthermore, the gradient design of WSH honeycombs is analyzed, and the energy absorption performance of gradient WSH honeycombs is explored through numerical simulations. It is found that WSH honeycombs exhibit better energy absorption capacity than conventional honeycombs under low-velocity impact loading, and the concave angle gradient design and thickness gradient design can further enhance their energy absorption performance.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuwei Liu, Guocai Yu, Gongwang Cao, Chuang Wang, Zhenyao Wang
Summary: The study investigated the corrosion products formed on tin-bronze exposed to industry atmosphere for 29 years. The corrosion rate of tin-bronze was found to be 0.56 μm·a(-1). It was observed that tin-bronze had two different structures on the exposure sides, with an uneven and cracked corrosion product layer on the skyward side, and a double-layer structure with a dense inner layer and porous outer layer on the fieldward side. Sn distribution in the corrosion product layer was uniform on the skyward side and concentrated near the substrate on the fieldward side.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Weikai Zhao, Guocai Yu, Shuang Li, Zhengxian Liu, Linzhi Wu
Summary: This study proposes and manufactures a multifunctional structure with load-bearing and thermal management abilities, achieved by combining shape-stabilized phase change material with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). The load-bearing ability is investigated using the Winkler foundation model, and 3D failure mechanism maps are constructed to study the dominant failure modes. The thermal management ability is examined using thermal rate capability and Ragone plots under different thermal loads. The study elucidates the influence of physical properties of phase change materials and geometric parameters on thermal management ability, and illustrates the trade-off between load-bearing and thermal management abilities through specific strength-specific energy curves.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Yu-Zhou Wang, Li Ma
Summary: Sandwich structures, especially curved ones, have garnered significant attention due to their superior stiffness and strength. These structures are essential for meeting mechanical loads as well as thermal, acoustic, optical, and electrical challenges. This paper proposes a composite structure that combines curved shell sandwich structures with acoustic metamaterials to achieve desired mechanical and acoustic properties. The theoretical model is established using the harmonic expansion method and principle of virtual work, and the sound transmission loss (STL) performance is studied along with the impact of structural geometry and material parameters.
JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yun-Long Chen, Li Ma
Summary: This article investigates the free vibration and damping characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced sandwich cylindrical shells with 3D reentrant auxetic cores (3D RSCSs). Finite element analysis and theoretical predictions using the Rayleigh-Ritz method and third-order shear deformation theory are conducted. Experimental tests on all-composite 3D RSCSs specimens manufactured through hot press molding and interlocking assembly validate the predicted modal properties. Furthermore, the influences of fiber ply angles and geometric parameters on the natural frequency and damping loss factor are investigated.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Rawan Aqel, Patrick Severson, Rani Elhajjar
Summary: A novel core splice joint configuration for composite sandwich structures is studied and proposed to improve the strength and toughness. Experimental and numerical efforts show that this configuration can significantly increase the ultimate strength by 13% to 51% and the toughness by 2% to 35%.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xianheng Wang, Cong Chen, Jinsong Zhang, Xinming Qiu
Summary: In this paper, a new form-finding method based on spatial elastica model (FMSE) is proposed for elastic gridshells. The method integrates the deformations of elastic rods into the overall deformation of the gridshell, and solves a set of transcendental equations using the quasi-Newton method to ensure the deformation satisfies the given boundary conditions. The method is validated through experiments and expected to have potential applications in the investigations of elastic gridshells.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Hao Huang, Zitong Guo, Zhongde Shan, Zheng Sun, Jianhua Liu, Dong Wang, Wang Wang, Jiale Liu, Chenchen Tan
Summary: The conventional evaluation of 3D braided composites' mechanical properties through numerical and experimental methodologies hinders material application due to the expenses, time constraints, and laborious efforts involved. This study establishes a multi-scale finite element model and a surrogate model for predicting the elastic properties of 3D4D rotary braided composites with voids. By optimizing a neural network model, the results are validated and provide valuable insights into the microstructure and properties of these composites.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xinyu Li, Hao Zhang, Haiyang Yang, Junrong Luo, Zhongmin Xiao, Hongshuai Lei
Summary: Due to their excellent mechanical properties and design flexibility, fluted-core composite sandwich structures have gained significant attention in aerospace and rail transit applications. This study investigated the free-vibration characteristics and optimized design of composite fluted-core sandwich cylinders through theoretical models and experimental tests.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Chao Li, Chunzheng Duan, Xiaodong Tian, Chao Wang
Summary: A mechanistic model considering the bottom edge cutting effect and the anisotropic characteristics of the material is proposed in this paper to accurately predict cutting forces. The model was validated through a series of milling experiments and can be used to predict the cutting force of various parts of the cutter and any feed direction.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Camila Sanches Schimidt, Leopoldo Pisanelli Rodrigues de Oliveira, Carlos De Marqui Jr
Summary: This work investigates the vibro-acoustic performance of graded piezoelectric metamaterial plates. The study shows that piezoelectric metamaterial plates with reconfigurable properties can provide enhanced vibration and sound power attenuation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jun Ke, Li-jie Liu, Zhen-yu Wu, Zhong-ping Le, Luo Bao, Dong-wei Luo
Summary: Compared with other green natural fibers, ramie has higher mechanical properties and lower cost. In this study, ramie and glass fiber are made into composite circular tubes. The results show that the hybrid circular tube with ramie and glass fiber has improved torsional mechanical properties and reduced weight and cost. The failure mechanisms are affected by the loading direction and the content of each fiber.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Natalia Pingaro, Gabriele Milani
Summary: This paper proposes an enhanced analytical model for predicting the behavior of FRCM samples tested under standard tensile tests. The model takes into account the interaction between fibers and matrix through the interface, and assumes different material properties at different phases. By solving a second order linear differential equation, an analytical solution can be obtained. The model is validated with experimental data and shows good predictability.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jialiang Fan, Anastasios P. Vassilopoulos, Veronique Michaud
Summary: This article investigates the effects of voids, joint geometry, and test conditions on the fracture performance of thick adhesive Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) joints. It concludes that grooved DCB joints with low void content tested at low displacement rates showed stable crack propagation without significant crack path deviation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Auwalu I. Mohammed, Kaarthikeyan Raghupathy, Osvaldo De Victoria Garcia Baltazar, Lawson Onokpasah, Roger Carvalho, Anders Mogensen, Farzaneh Hassani, James Njuguna
Summary: This study investigates the performance of composite pressure vessels under damaged and undamaged conditions, providing insights into their reliability and residual strength capabilities. The results demonstrate that the damage profile and its effect on compressive strength are similar between damaged and non-damaged cylinders. When subjected to quasi-static compression, the polyethylene liner absorbs enough elastic strain energy to recover without plastic deformation. Additionally, quasi-static compression has little to no influence on the axial strength of the cylinders. The damage characterization reveals fiber breakage, delamination, local buckling, and brooming failure. This study has direct implications for the safety design tolerances, manufacturing strategies, and operational failure conditions of composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs).
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Muhammad Irfan Shirazi, Samir Khatir, Djilali Boutchicha, Magd Abdel Wahab
Summary: Structural health monitoring is important to ensure the safety of components and structures. This study proposes a method using finite element models and 1D-CNN network to extract and classify vibration responses for crack detection. The results show that the proposed approach is effective in real-time damage detection.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Maryam Mirsalehi, Kiarash Kianpour, Sharif Shahbeyk, Mohammad Bakhshi
Summary: This study comprehensively investigates the one-way response of 3D-woven sandwich panels (3DWSPs) and their interfering parameters, providing interpretation of elastic and failure results, failure maps, and reliable theoretical models for linear elastic response and observed failure mechanisms.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Yiming Zhao, Zhonggang Wang, Zhigang Yang, Bin Qin
Summary: The paper proposes a Ritz and statistical energy analysis (Ritz SEA) hybrid method for calculating rectangular plate acoustic vibration coupling in the mid-frequency range. This method combines the fast convergence and ability to handle arbitrary boundary conditions of the Ritz method with the power flow equation of the statistical energy analysis method. The results show that this approach effectively filters out random fluctuations in mid-frequency domains while demonstrating exceptional stability and precision.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Joao Henrique Fonseca, Woojung Jang, Dosuck Han, Naksoo Kim, Hyungyil Lee
Summary: This study addresses the enhancement of an injection-molded fiber-reinforced plastic / metal hybrid automotive structure and its plastic injection molding process through the integration of the finite element method, artificial intelligence, and evolutionary search methods. Experimental validation of finite element models, the generation of a database through orthogonal array and Latin hypercube methods, and the training of artificial neural networks are conducted. The genetic optimization algorithm is then applied to identify optimal process parameters. The results show significant reduction in product warpage and manufacturing time while maintaining structural strength, contributing to the advancement of composite automotive structures with superior quality.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Alessandro Vescovini, Carina Xiaochen Li, Javier Paz Mendez, Bo Cheng Jin, Andrea Manes, Chiara Bisagni
Summary: This paper presents a study on six single-stringer specimens manufactured using the card-sliding technique with non-crimp fabrics and adopting a Double-Double (DD) stacking sequence. The specimens were tested under compression loading conditions to investigate post-buckling and failure in aerospace structures. Experimental results and numerical simulations were compared to analyze the behavior and failure modes of the specimens. The study found promising evidence of a viable solution to optimize aeronautical structures and enhance resistance to skin-stringer separation, particularly with the use of tapered flanges.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
