Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Salim Uddin, C. Emdad Haque, Mohammad Nuruzzaman Khan, Brent Doberstein, Robin S. Cox
Summary: The study compared the changes in livelihood assets of two coastal communities in Bangladesh after Cyclones Sidr and Aila, finding that many victims changed occupations, with occupations like fishing being more likely to change post-disaster. Local residents are learning to live with change and uncertainty by combining various knowledge and social memory, generating diversified livelihood options, and self-organizing to enhance resilience to future extreme weather events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Edris Alam, Andrew E. Collins, Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam, Alak Paul, Kamrul Islam
Summary: The number of deaths caused by tropical cyclones in Bangladesh has decreased significantly due to changes in coastal areas and improvements in disaster risk management. Factors such as better house structures, increased income levels, education and awareness, and greater access to communication tools have contributed to this outcome.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mahed-Ul-Islam Choudhury, C. Emdad Haque, Glen Hostetler
Summary: The research shows that there is a complex relationship between transformative learning and risk-mitigation actions that shape community resilience to climate-induced disasters. Factors such as social cultural-structural factors, practical considerations, and cognitive factors need to be considered. Cultural barriers may limit people's ability to assess risks critically, and learning alone cannot enhance resilience without being translated into practical action.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edris Alam
Summary: This study investigates the factors contributing to deaths caused by tropical cyclones in coastal Bangladesh. It finds that improvements have been made in housing structures and design, warning responses, and evacuation processes. However, factors such as lack of embankments, non-evacuation following early warning, insufficient number of public cyclone shelters, and communication failures still pose risks. The study provides recommendations for individuals, communities, private sectors, NGOs, and public sectors to address these factors.
Article
Development Studies
Mahed Choudhury, Haorui Wu, A. K. M. Shahidullah
Summary: This study finds that experiential and transformative learning from coastal cyclones in Bangladesh helps local community and their institutions mitigate the impact of cyclonic shocks and recover from disaster-related losses. It also shows that scaling up community-level learning and learning from policy failure enhances programmatic interventions and community resilience to cyclones and future disasters. However, this feedback loop can be hindered by factors such as lack of attention to community-level learning by policy makers and the presence of vested interest groups.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
M. Salim Uddin, C. Emdad Haque, Mohammad Nuruzzaman Khan
Summary: This study examined the roles and effectiveness of local-level governance and disaster management institutions in Bangladesh, as well as the barriers to implementing national policies and Disaster-Risk-Reduction guidelines at the local community level. It was found that interactive disaster governance, decentralization of disaster management, and compliance with good governance principles and national policy guidelines are crucial in reducing disaster-loss and damages. The study highlighted the challenges such as corruption, political favoritism, lack of transparency and accountability, and minimal inclusion of local inhabitants in decision-making processes that hinder successful implementation of disaster-management policies at the local level.
DISASTER PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sebak Kumar Saha, Chris Ballard
Summary: This paper examines a post-disaster housing assistance program delivered by Islamic Relief Bangladesh (ISRB) after Cyclone Aila in 2009, revealing issues with beneficiary selection due to local leaders' influence and lack of meaningful consultation; despite adopting the 'build back better' principle, the new houses have limited ability to withstand severe cyclones. Most recipients were overall satisfied with the assistance, highlighting the importance of lessons learned for future post-disaster interventions in Bangladesh and beyond.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abdullah Al-Maruf, J. Craig Jenkins, Amelie Bernzen, Boris Braun
Summary: This paper aims to measure household resilience to cyclones and storm surges in Bangladesh's coastal region, utilizing four disaster frameworks. Through a household survey and principal components analysis, key household resilience features were identified, revealing significant differences in community cyclone resilience among different areas.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jimin Gim, Sangjoon Shin
Summary: This study examines the impact of vulnerability, hazards, and community resilience on the wellness of disaster survivors. It finds that community resilience factors, such as social support and satisfaction with support policies, are significantly associated with survivors' wellness. Those who experienced disasters in non-capital areas have better wellness. Conflict experiences worsen survivors' wellness. The sense of community after disasters has a mixed effect on wellness. Satisfaction with government agencies' disaster response has no significant effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Timothy Fraser
Summary: This study developed new social capital and social vulnerability indices for 1741 municipalities in Japan using publicly available data, allowing scholars and policymakers to evaluate specific communities, compare across multiple communities, model their effect on outcomes, and better prepare for future disasters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Md Mostafizur Rahman, Fatiha Tasnim, Arman Uddin, Md Sudipta Islam Chayan, Md Saidul Islam Arif, Md Tanvir Hossain
Summary: This study assesses the vulnerability of the Munda minority in the Southwestern part of Bangladesh to cyclones. The results show that they are physically vulnerable, with poor housing quality and a high level of poverty. However, they reported strong institutional support in terms of cyclone warning dissemination and evacuation procedures. Therefore, it is important for national and international disaster risk reduction strategies to include all people.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Md Mostafizur Rahman, Md. Saidul Islam Arif, Ibnul Mahdi, Md. Adil Rafi, Musabber Ali Chisty, Saadmaan Jubayer Khan
Summary: This study conducted a survey among 110 households in the Rakhains group in Bangladesh's Barguna District to assess their vulnerability to cyclones. The results revealed that the physical and composite vulnerability index were significantly higher in Sonakta Union than in Barabagi Union.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Walter Leal Filho, G. M. Monirul Alam, Gustavo J. Nagy, Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman, Sajal Roy, Franziska Wolf, Marina Kovaleva, Mustafa Saroar, Chunlan Li
Summary: This article examines the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on vulnerable riparian communities and settlements, using case studies from the Sundarbans in Bangladesh. It discusses the vulnerabilities and impacts caused by temperature increases, storm surges, sea flooding, and sea-level rise. The article highlights the importance of autonomous reactive adaptation strategies adopted by households and addresses the barriers to planned and anticipatory adaptive responses. It suggests that restoring the mangrove ecosystem can increase resilience and reduce the exposure of local communities to climate-related hazards.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rabiul Islam, Greg Walkerden
Summary: Livelihoods and household assets are crucial for disaster resilience in coastal households in Bangladesh. Health and physical strength, as well as food stocks, are the most relied upon assets during the emergency response, while other assets such as natural and financial capital play larger roles during the recovery phases. Expanding livelihood opportunities is fundamental, as coastal households in Bangladesh are generally very poor and their main assets are vulnerable to cyclonic impacts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Gulsan Ara Parvin, Nina Takashino, Md Shahidul Islam, Md Habibur Rahman, Md Anwarul Abedin, Reazul Ahsan
Summary: This study examines the impact of Cyclone Aila on the primary education sector in Bangladesh. It reveals that 90% of schools were severely damaged, but there was a significant improvement in disaster knowledge and understanding among students and teachers. However, half of the students still lacked understanding of disasters, highlighting the need for policymakers to consider factors such as family income, age, NGO support, and student-teacher ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ilan Kelman, Myles Harris
Summary: This study examines the challenges and opportunities when participatory research links disaster risk reduction and healthcare to mitigate illness and injury in locations with limited accessibility. The research highlights the overarching challenge of divergent goals between research and actions, leading to opportunities for improved connections between disaster risk reduction and healthcare.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Roquia Salam, Bonosri Ghose, Badhon Kumar Shill, Md. Aminul Islam, Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam, Md. Abdus Sattar, G. M. Monirul Alam, Bayes Ahmed
Summary: Disaster risk perception and appraisal are crucial for disaster risk reduction policy formulation. This study examined actual vs perceived drought risks at household and expert levels in northern Bangladesh, finding significant differences in perceived risk among different case study sites. Female households and those with lower socio-economic status were found to be more vulnerable to drought risks. The study outcomes can help policymakers and disaster managers understand specific risk scenarios and take effective risk reduction measures.
Correction
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Roquia Salam, Bonosri Ghose, Badhon Kumar Shill, Md. Aminul Islam, Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam, Md. Abdus Sattar, G. M. Monirul Alam, Bayes Ahmed
Article
Engineering, Geological
A. S. M. Maksud Kamal, Farhad Hossain, Md Zillur Rahman, Bayes Ahmed, Peter Sammonds
Summary: This study investigated the geological condition, engineering properties, and human interventions that influence landslides in the Kutupalong Rohingya Camp (KRC) in Cox's Bazar District of Bangladesh. The study found that landslides are frequent in the KRC due to factors such as residual soils, weathered silty sandstones, slope geometry, low shear strength, and torrential rainfall. The results of this study will help in implementing proper mitigation and preparedness measures for slope protection in the KRC area and its surroundings.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gina E. C. Charnley, Ilan Kelman, Katy A. M. Gaythorpe, Kris A. Murray
Summary: This study collates and provides cholera datasets for Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo, addressing the lack of research on cholera epidemiology and management in the region. These datasets can assist in public health planning.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Political Science
Patricia Nabuco Martuscelli, Bayes Ahmed, Peter Sammonds
Summary: Rohingyas, the most persecuted minority in the world, have been facing systematic discrimination and human rights violations. The acts committed against them can be classified as ethnic cleansing and genocide. Through the study of Rohingya narratives, it is found that they adopt various everyday resistance practices, including non-compliance, secrecy, and mutual support.
JOURNAL OF GENOCIDE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marina Romanello, Claudia Di Napoli, Paul Drummond, Carole Green, Harry Kennard, Pete Lampard, Daniel Scamman, Nigel Arnell, Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson, Lea Berrang Ford, Kristine Belesova, Kathryn Bowen, Wenjia Cai, Max Callaghan, Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum, Jonathan Chambers, Kim R. van Daalen, Carole Dalin, Niheer Dasandi, Shouro Dasgupta, Michael Davies, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Robert Dubrow, Kristie L. Ebi, Matthew Eckelman, Paul Ekins, Luis E. Escobar, Lucien Georgeson, Hilary Graham, Samuel H. Gunther, Ian Hamilton, Yun Hang, Risto Hanninen, Stella Hartinger, Kehan He, Jeremy J. Hess, Shih-Che Hsu, Slava Jankin, Louis Jamart, Ollie Jay, Ilan Kelman, Gregor Kiesewetter, Patrick Kinney, Tord Kjellstrom, Dominic Kniveton, Jason K. W. Lee, Bruno Lemke, Yang Liu, Zhao Liu, Melissa Lott, Martin Lotto Batista, Rachel Lowe, Frances MacGuire, Maquins Odhiambo Sewe, Jaime Martinez-Urtaza, Mark Maslin, Lucy McAllister, Alice McGushin, Celia McMichael, Zhifu Mi, James Milner, Kelton Minor, Jan C. Minx, Nahid Mohajeri, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Karyn Morrissey, Simon Munzert, Kris A. Murray, Tara Neville, Maria Nilsson, Nick Obradovich, Megan B. O'Hare, Tadj Oreszczyn, Matthias Otto, Fereidoon Owfi, Olivia Pearman, Mahnaz Rabbaniha, Elizabeth J. Z. Robinson, Joacim Rocklov, Renee N. Salas, Jan C. Semenza, Jodi D. Sherman, Liuhua Shi, Joy Shumake-Guillemot, Grant Silbert, Mikhail Sofiev, Marco Springmann, Jennifer Stowell, Meisam Tabatabaei, Jonathon Taylor, Joaquin Trinanes, Fabian Wagner, Paul Wilkinson, Matthew Winning, Marisol Yglesias-Gonzalez, Shihui Zhang, Peng Gong, Hugh Montgomery, Anthony Costello
Article
Environmental Sciences
Myles Harris, Patrizia Duda, Ilan Kelman, Navonel Glick
Summary: Future outer space exploration and exploitation should consider disaster and health risks for sustainability. The New Space race and activities like space tourism present challenges in this regard. This article provides an overview of addressing these risks and suggests ways to reduce them.
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Rashed Jalal, Rajib Mahamud, Md. Tanjimul Alam Arif, Saimunnahar Ritu, Mondal Falgoonee Kumar, Bayes Ahmed, Md. Humayun Kabir, Mohammad Sohal Rana, Howlader Nazmul Huda, Marco DeGaetano, Peter John Agnew, Amit Ghosh, Fatima Mushtaq, Pablo Martin-Ortega, Andreas Vollrath, Yelena Finegold, Gianluca Franceschini, Remi d'Annunzio, Inge Jonckheere, Matieu Henry
Summary: The influx of nearly a million refugees from Myanmar's Rakhine state to Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, in August 2017 resulted in land degradation due to biomass removal for shelter and fuel energy, posing challenges for both the host and displaced populations. This article highlights the use of geospatial applications to address land degradation in Cox's Bazar. Various data and methods were employed to assess land tenure, estimate wood fuel demand and supply, evaluate land degradation, assess land restoration suitability, and monitor restoration activities. The integration of quantitative and spatially explicit information from these geospatial assessments, along with sustainable land management guidelines and an adaptive management strategy, enabled a collaborative, multidisciplinary, and evidence-based approach to successfully restore degraded landscapes in a displacement setting.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. S. M. Maksud Kamal, Farhad Hossain, Bayes Ahmed, Md. Zillur Rahman, Peter Sammonds
Summary: Rainfall-induced landslides pose a serious threat to hilly environments. There is a significant lack of research on evaluating the effectiveness of mitigation measures and community risk perception. Through an interdisciplinary approach, we analysed slope stability, evaluated existing mitigation measures, and assessed risk perception in the Kutupalong Rohingya Camp. Our findings revealed unstable slopes and the ineffectiveness of current countermeasures in preventing landslides. The study also identified important factors for designing slope protection measures.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stephen Roberts, Ilan Kelman
Summary: This article critically reflects on the approaches to governing digital health for infectious disease outbreaks, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the limitations and fragmentation of digital health regulations, and proposes reconceptualizing and revisiting digitized responses to better address and govern infectious disease outbreaks.
GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gina E. C. Charnley, Kevin Jean, Ilan Kelman, Katy A. M. Gaythorpe, Kris A. Murray
Summary: Cholera outbreaks have significant impacts on health and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Conflict is an important factor contributing to these outbreaks, disrupting services, causing loss of income, and displacing populations.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ilan Kelman, Aaron Clark-Ginsberg
Summary: This article proposes a framework for urban governance to include environmental migrants in sustainable cities. It discusses the links between environmental migration, vulnerability, and sustainability, and describes practical approaches already applied for including environmental migrants in sustainable cities. The need for a framework is justified by the wide variety and lack of cohesion in these approaches. The proposed governance framework should be horizontally and vertically networked, inclusive, and evidence-based.
Article
Environmental Sciences
A. S. M. Maksud Kamal, Farhad Hossain, Bayes Ahmed, Peter Sammonds
Summary: This article critically investigates a catastrophic rainfall-induced landslide event that occurred in the Kutupalong Rohingya Camp (KRC) in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh in July 2021. The landslide was primarily caused by large-scale anthropogenic interventions and intense rainfall, resulting in casualties and damaged shelters. Due to ongoing human interventions and climatic conditions, the KRC area and surrounding communities are likely to experience frequent and fatal landslides in the future. Therefore, proper mitigation and preparedness measures, including the development and implementation of a landslide early warning system, are recommended to address the emerging humanitarian crisis.
GEOENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Patrizia Duda, Ilan Kelman, Navonel Glick, Vladislav Sokolenko, Nina Poussenkova, Elena Nikitina
Summary: Svalbard's geographical characteristics and multinational population provide a conducive environment for informal and multinational cooperation in disaster risk reduction and response. The residents of Barentsburg, the second-largest settlement, rely on both formal and informal sources, predominantly Russian and Norwegian, for disaster-related information and mechanisms.