Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richard Huang, Jalna Meens, Scott Yuzwa, Laurie Ailles, Michael Ohh, Claire M. Robinson
Summary: Cancer stem cells play an important role in tumor biology. This study aimed to identify the existence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) stem cells using the side population approach, but the results did not support the presence of cancer stem cells in ccRCC.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Fangfang Wang, Zhang Dan, Hongmei Luo, Jingcao Huang, Yushan Cui, Hong Ding, Juan Xu, Zhimei Lin, Yuhan Gao, Xinyu Zhai, Yan Yang, Ying Qu, Li Zhang, Fengjiao Chen, Qiang Wang, Xin Wang, Yu Feng, Ting Liu, Qing Yi, Ting Niu, Yuhuan Zheng
Summary: Drug-resistance is a major problem in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. This study reveals that activated-leukocyte-cell-adhesion-molecule (ALCAM) regulates MM side population (SP)-mediated drug-resistance through the ALCAM-EGF/EGFR axis. EGFR activation promotes the SP ratio, while ALCAM inhibits EGFR downstream signaling in MM cells. SP MM cells have a higher number of mitochondria and interference of mitochondrial function inhibits SP-genesis. Combination therapy with an anti-MM agent and EGFR inhibitor gefitinib improves MM therapeutic efficacy and prolongs survival in MM-bearing mice.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoli Dong, Yingying Wei, Tao Xu, Xiaoyue Tan, Na Li
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a crucial role in tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. Techniques such as staining tumor cells with Hoechst 33342 and analyzing the proportion of side population (SP) cells using flow cytometry provide convenient, fast, and cost-effective methods for the identification and purification of CSCs. Data generated from these assays can contribute to a better understanding of the stemness properties of tumor cells in response to various signals.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Sudan Puri, Isabel Y. Moreno, Mingxia Sun, Sudhir Verma, Xiao Lin, Tarsis F. Gesteira, Vivien J. Coulson-Thomas
Summary: This study found that a hyaluronan (HA) matrix is present in the niche surrounding limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) during ex vivo expansion. The presence of both endogenous and exogenous HA was shown to help maintain the LESC phenotype and enhance proliferation, colony formation, and expression of stem cell markers. These findings suggest that HA could be a cost-effective substrate or supplement for culturing LESCs in clinical settings.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sofia Nikouli, Mary Tsikitis, Christina Raftopoulou, Sarantis Gagos, Stelios Psarras, Yassemi Capetanaki
Summary: The limited regenerative capacity of the heart has led to the need for new stem cell-based therapeutic approaches for cardiac regeneration. However, the use of stem cells is restricted due to poor determination of their properties and regulatory factors. In this study, the role of desmin, a major muscle-specific intermediate filament protein, in the characteristics and differentiation capacity of adult mouse cardiac side population (CSP) and Sca1(+) stem cells was investigated. It was found that desmin deficiency affects the microenvironment of the cells and impairs their regenerative potential, both directly and indirectly.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeremy W. Linsley, Drew A. Linsley, Josh Lamstein, Gennadi Ryan, Kevan Shah, Nicholas A. Castello, Viral Oza, Jaslin Kalra, Shijie Wang, Zachary Tokuno, Ashkan Javaherian, Thomas Serre, Steven Finkbeiner
Summary: Optimized convolutional neural networks (BO-CNNs) improve the detection accuracy and speed of cell death, while also revealing a previously unnoticed intranuclear cell signal that reliably indicates death. These models are essential for analyzing live microscopy and interpreting high-throughput experiments.
Review
Oncology
Yuanming Jing, Wenqing Liang, Lin Zhang, Junjun Tang, Zongliang Huang
Summary: Cancer stem cells modify their microenvironment by recruiting and activating specific cell types such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The interaction between cancer cells and MSCs induces a cancer stem cell phenotype.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alena Kalinina, Catherine Gnyra, Vera Tang, Yingben Xue, Diane C. Lagace
Summary: The use of DNA-binding dyes in stem cell research is significant for isolating specific cell populations. In this study, a distinct side population of cells was identified in the mouse brain using a DNA-binding dye, and these cells showed sensitivity to ABC transporter inhibitors. Furthermore, the majority of these cells expressed CD31 and were not adult neural stem cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alvaro Gomariz, Tiziano Portenier, Cesar Nombela-Arrieta, Orcun Goksel
Summary: The investigation of biological systems with three-dimensional microscopy requires automatic cell identification methods that accurately predict uncertain outcomes. We propose a framework that integrates deep Bayesian learning and probabilistic spatial analysis to operate on large microscopy images and output probabilistic predictions, revealing spatial patterns in bone marrow datasets.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhirong Liu, Mingjun Cai, Xiaodi Zhang, Xin Yu, Shu Wang, Xingyi Wan, Zhong Lin Wang, Linlin Li
Summary: The study designs a smart piezoelectric scaffold by modulating dynamic mechanical forces in the cell microenvironment, enabling on-demand electrical stimulation without adverse effects on cell spreading and adhesion from early electrical stimulation.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jasmina Isakovic, Klara Serer, Barbara Barisic, Dinko Mitrecic
Summary: Neurological disorders are a major global health challenge, and there is a need for more effective treatment options. Cell-based therapies, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have shown promise but there are concerns regarding their safety and potential adverse effects. This review examines the features, challenges, and prospects of MSCs in treating neurological disorders, as well as their mechanisms of action and clinical trial findings.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Tanguy Duval, Jean-Albert Lotterie, Anthony Lemarie, Caroline Delmas, Fatima Tensaouti, Elizabeth Cohen-Jonathan Moyal, Vincent Lubrano
Summary: This study evaluated the sensitivity of quantitative diffusion and perfusion MRI to glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) in the hyperintensities-FLAIR region and found that ADC and rCBV are good predictors of GSC presence and aggressiveness.
Review
Cell Biology
Chuanxin Shi, Kefan Zhang, Zhenyu Zhao, Yifan Wang, Haozhe Xu, Wei Wei
Summary: Vascular stem cells have a crucial role in angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, acting in response to injury and participating in repair and neointima formation. The expression of stem cell molecular markers, such as Sca1, SOX10, Stro-1, and c-kit, can help identify different stem cell populations in different parts of the vessel. This review focuses on the role of vascular stem/progenitor cells in atherosclerosis and neointima formation, examining the expression of stem cell molecular markers and molecular phenotypic changes during differentiation. It further analyzes the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in intima formation and vascular repair. The limitations and urgent issues surrounding the use of stem cells in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases are summarized, along with a proposed scheme for studying the signaling pathways of vascular stem cells in vascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Yeonkyung Park, Junhyeok Yoon, Jinhwan Lee, Seoyoung Lee, Hyun Gyu Park
Summary: We have developed a new multicolor fluorogenic RNA aptasensor for the multiplexed detection of miRNAs. This aptasensor utilizes specific primers and enzymes to detect target miRNAs with high specificity, producing intense fluorescence signals that reflect the quantity of target miRNAs.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kai Dai, Qinghao Zhang, Shunshu Deng, Yuanman Yu, Fuwei Zhu, Shuang Zhang, YuanZhong Pan, Dandan Long, Jing Wang, Changsheng Liu
Summary: Constructing in vivo osteo-organoids by implanting bone morphogenetic protein-2-loaded scaffolds into the internal muscle pocket near the femur of mice supports the growth and subsequent harvest of therapeutically useful cells, and these cells demonstrate therapeutic potentials in cell therapies such as mitigating chronic liver fibrosis and reconstituting impaired immune organs.
Article
Neurosciences
Pia Koudouovoh-Tripp, Katharina Huefner, Jonas Egeter, Christina Kandler, Johannes M. Giesinger, Sieghart Sopper, Christian Humpel, Barbara Sperner-Unterweger
Summary: Chronic mental stress is associated with increased state anxiety, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress, as well as enhanced proinflammatory platelet activity. Acute mental stress can alter platelet bioactivity and aggregation. Both chronic and acute mental stress have significant impacts on platelets, potentially linking mental and somatic disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Maximilian Boesch, Florent Baty, Sacha Rothschild, Michael Tamm, Markus Joerger, Martin Frueh, Martin H. Brutsche
Summary: Tumour neoantigens from cancer-specific mutations distinguish cancer from healthy cells, but microbial species can produce epitopes resembling tumour neoantigens, leading to tumour molecular mimicry. Microbiome-mediated tumour neoantigen mimicry may impact the efficacy of immune therapy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Maximilian Boesch, Martina Sykora, Silvia Gasteiger, Florent Baty, Martin H. Brutsche, Sieghart Sopper
Summary: This optimized multicolor immunofluorescence panel is designed to efficiently identify and quantify various leukocyte populations in human blood with minimal markers. It offers high performance, is suitable for whole blood, and widely applicable for immune cell identification, quantification, and characterization.
Article
Immunology
Sandra Scheiblhofer, Stephan Drothler, Werner Braun, Reinhard Braun, Maximilian Boesch, Richard Weiss
Summary: This study demonstrates that laser-facilitated epicutaneous immunization with the S1 subunit of the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces antibody responses that can be boosted by co-administration of adjuvants, representing a potential alternative route for Covid-19 vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Sandra Scheiblhofer, Stephan Drothler, Werner Braun, Reinhard Braun, Maximilian Boesch, Richard Weiss
Summary: The skin has been intensively studied as a target tissue for immunization, with direct targeting of dendritic cells or Langerhans cells in vivo showing potential for inducing T cell responses in cancer immunotherapy. Fractional laser ablation has been investigated as a novel method for efficient delivery of macromolecules to the skin with the adjuvant effect of laser illumination. The study demonstrates the feasibility of peptide delivery to the skin using a specific laser and patches, showing potent cytotoxic T cell responses that can be further enhanced by co-delivery of a helper T cell epitope.
Review
Oncology
Erin Naismith, Janine Steichen, Sieghart Sopper, Dominik Wolf
Summary: NK cells play a crucial role in managing Ph+ and Ph- MPNs, contributing significantly to tumor control. However, their functionality may be altered during MPN treatment, highlighting the importance of further research on their role and associated changes in therapy.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martin Bauer, Edith Lackner, Peter Matzneller, Valentin Al Jalali, Sahra Pajenda, Vincent Ling, Christof Bohler, Werner Braun, Reinhard Braun, Maximilian Boesch, Patrick M. Brunner, Markus Zeitlinger
Summary: This study investigated the safety and tolerability of ablative fractional laser treatment in patients with plaque-type psoriasis, showing a favorable safety profile. Topical administration of ETA to psoriatic plaques via AFL-generated micropores was generally well-tolerated.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Florian Hornsteiner, Martina M. Sykora, Christoph H. Tripp, Sieghart Sopper, Patrizia Stoitzner
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Maximilian Boesch, Florent Baty, Tobias Kowatsch, Dominik Wolf, Martin Frueh, Martin H. Brutsche
Review
Oncology
Maximilian Boesch, Lena Horvath, Florent Baty, Andreas Pircher, Dominik Wolf, Stephan Spahn, Ravid Straussman, Herbert Tilg, Martin H. Brutsche
Summary: This article reviews the latest research on the tumor-associated microbiome, highlighting its impact on anticancer immunity and checkpoint immunotherapy outcome. It emphasizes the need to study the tumor-associated microbiome in addition to the gut microbiome and calls for further research to understand the mechanisms involved and develop therapeutic strategies. A better understanding of the tumor microbiome can improve cancer immunotherapy and advance precision medicine for solid tumors.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Maximilian Boesch, Frank Rassouli, Florent Baty, Anja Schwarzler, Sandra Widmer, Peter Tinschert, Iris Shih, David Cleres, Filipe Barata, Elgar Fleisch, Martin H. Brutsche
Summary: This study demonstrates that cough frequency can serve as a digital biomarker for disease activity in COVID-19 and other lower respiratory tract infections. Using smartphone-based audio recordings and convolutional neural networks, automated cough detection correlated with clinical and laboratory markers of inflammation. This approach allows for real-time telemonitoring and personalized treatment.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Filipe Barata, David Cleres, Peter Tinschert, Chen-Hsuan Iris Shih, Frank Rassouli, Maximilian Boesch, Martin Brutsche, Elgar Fleisch
Summary: This study validated an automated smartphone-based cough counting system for continuous monitoring of coughs in hospital wards. The system showed high sensitivity and specificity in detecting coughs compared to manual counting. Therefore, it can be used for continuous hourly assessment of cough frequency in the ward.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
Fabian Braun, Guillaume Bonnier, Patrick Theurillat, Martin Proenca, Yara-Maria Proust, Florent Baty, Maximilian Boesch, Simon Annaheim, Martin Brutsche, Damien Ferrario, Mathieu Lemay
Summary: The study found that placing the reflectance pulse oximetry device on the upper arm was more accurate in measuring SpO(2) compared to the wrist, with a lower rate of data rejection. The accuracies obtained at both measurement locations complied with the ISO standard and FDA guidance.
2021 43RD ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC)
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Maximilian Boesch, Florent Baty, Werner C. Albrich, Lukas Flatz, Regulo Rodriguez, Sacha Rothschild, Markus Joerger, Martin Fruh, Martin H. Brutsche
Summary: The study revealed a significant association between the diversity of the local tumor microbiome in non-small cell lung cancer patients and patient survival rates, as well as the presence of Gammaproteobacteria potentially leading to poor response to immunotherapy. It suggests novel microbiome-specific biomarkers for predicting and prognosticating response to checkpoint-based immunotherapy in lung cancer, drawing attention to the importance of the local tumor microbial habitat as an addition to the gut compartment microbiome.
