Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Byeong Gwan Song, Su Yeon Kwon, Jae Won Kyung, Eun Ji Roh, Hyemin Choi, Chang Su Lim, Seong Bae An, Seil Sohn, Inbo Han
Summary: Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (SynCAMs), specifically SynCAM3, play a crucial role in synapse formation and maintenance as well as synaptic plasticity regulation. Through its involvement in the connection between axons and astrocytes, SynCAM3 has been found to be associated with astrocytic scar formation following central nervous system (CNS) injuries. This study explores the impact of selective removal of SynCAM3 on spinal cord injury (SCI) outcomes, highlighting its role in the prevention of scar-forming astrocytes and promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) reconstitution, ultimately leading to improved functional recovery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sourena Soheili-Nezhad, Robert J. van der Linden, Marcel Olde Rikkert, Emma Sprooten, Geert Poelmans
Summary: Research has shown that long genes are more susceptible to somatic mutations in the brains of AD patients and their expression is frequently reduced. These long genes are involved in synaptic adhesion and other synaptic pathways predicted to be inhibited in AD brains, suggesting that synaptic impairment dependent on long genes may contribute to AD pathogenesis.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Moxin Wu, Manqing Zhang, Xiaoping Yin, Kai Chen, Zhijian Hu, Qin Zhou, Xianming Cao, Zhiying Chen, Dan Liu
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline, with synaptic dysfunction recognized as the main cause of cognitive impairments. Pathological tau is suggested to induce synaptic dysfunction in various ways, contributing to cognitive decline in AD. Exploring the mechanism by which pathological tau impairs synaptic function is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies for AD.
TRANSLATIONAL NEURODEGENERATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susann Ludewig, Ulrike Herrmann, Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse, Kristin Metzdorf, Jennifer Just, Charlotte Bold, Ulrike C. Mueller, Martin Korte
Summary: The study reveals the essential role of the APP family, particularly the ectodomain APPs alpha, in neuronal Ca2+ handling. Additionally, the loss of APP and APLP2 is shown to impair Ca2+ handling, endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ store refill, and synaptic plasticity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Ryan Lim, Avinanda Banerjee, Ritusree Biswas, Anana Nandakumar Chari, Srikala Raghavan
Summary: Stem cells have a significant role in regenerative medicine, but controlling their potential is a challenge. Biochemical and mechanical signals regulate stem cells, with the latter being less explored. This review discusses the influence of mechanical cues perceived by cell adhesion molecules on stem cell regulation and highlights the therapeutic implications of understanding stem cell mechanobiology.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Zeyu Zhu, Junfeng Lu, Shuyi Wang, Weijia Peng, Yang Yang, Chen Chen, Xin Zhou, Xifei Yang, Wenjun Xin, Xinyi Chen, Jiakai Pi, Wei Yin, Lin Yao, Rongbiao Pi
Summary: This study found that acrolein can induce synaptic damage and cognitive dysfunction via the RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway. Inhibiting ROCK2 can improve acrolein-induced synaptic damage and cognitive dysfunction, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for early AD.
Article
Immunology
Marcel S. Woo, Johanna Nilsson, Joseph Therriault, Nesrine Rahmouni, Ann Brinkmalm, Andrea L. Benedet, Nicholas J. Ashton, Arthur C. Macedo, Stijn Servaes, Yi-Ting Wang, Cecile Tissot, Jaime Fernandez Arias, Seyyed Ali Hosseini, Mira Chamoun, Firoza Z. Lussier, Thomas K. Karikari, Jenna Stevenson, Christina Mayer, Joao Pedro Ferrari-Souza, Eliane Kobayashi, Gassan Massarweh, Manuel A. Friese, Tharick A. Pascoal, Serge Gauthier, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Pedro Rosa-Neto
Summary: Synaptic damage occurs early in AD before tau aggregation, and is associated with amyloidosis and tau load. This early synaptic injury is mediated by sTREM2. In later disease stages, tau and astrogliosis further contribute to synaptic loss.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Qianting Deng, Chongyun Wu, Emily Parker, Timon Cheng-Yi Liu, Rui Duan, Luodan Yang
Summary: This article reviews the roles of microglia and astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and emphasizes their importance in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Research has found that these two types of glial cells play critical roles in neuroinflammation, synapse loss and pruning, clearance, and other processes related to AD. Therefore, therapeutic approaches targeting microglia and astrocytes may be promising for the treatment and prevention of AD.
Article
Immunology
Jian Chen, An-Xiang Dai, Hai-Liang Tang, Chang-Hao Lu, Hao-Xin Liu, Ting Hou, Zhi-Jie Lu, Nan Kong, Xin-Yuan Peng, Kai-Xun Lin, Zi-Dong Zheng, Sheng-Liang Xu, Xiao-Fang Ying, Xiao-Yu Ji, Hui Pan, Jie Wu, Xin Zeng, Nai-Li Wei
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical significance of ALCAM, VCAM-1, NCAM, and ICAM-1 levels in plasma of participants with cognitive impairment and identified ALCAM and VCAM-1 as reliable indicators of Alzheimer's disease. ALCAM and VCAM-1 were found to be correlated with age, severity of cognitive decline, and atrophy in the medial temporal lobe structure. They also showed significant correlations with various inflammatory factors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wenwen Li, Yana Pang, Yan Wang, Fan Mei, Mengmeng Guo, Yiping Wei, Xinyue Li, Wei Qin, Wei Wang, Longfei Jia, Jianping Jia
Summary: This study identified a novel Chinese familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) causal gene mutation, ZDHHC21 p.T209S, which leads to aberrant protein palmitoylation and contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. These findings provide new insights for further investigation and development of therapeutic interventions.
Article
Immunology
Hao Liu, Yu -Cong Zhou, Wei Song
Summary: The high number and growth rate of Alzheimer's disease patients in China pose challenges for prevention and treatment. Dysfunction in A β clearance is a key factor in AD development, with microglial cells playing an important role in clearing A β deposits. The IL-10R/STAT3 pathway may regulate microglial activation and phagocytosis, offering potential new targets for therapeutic drug development.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Valada, Sofia Alcada-Morais, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Joao Pedro Lopes
Summary: Theobromine, a metabolite of caffeine, affects synaptic transmission and plasticity by antagonizing adenosine receptors, resulting in improved cognitive function and neuroprotection against disease-related conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Huiqin Zhang, Xuefan Jiang, Lina Ma, Wei Wei, Zehui Li, Surui Chang, Jiayu Wen, Jiahui Sun, Hao Li
Summary: Synaptic dysfunction is closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), mainly due to the disruption caused by beta-amyloid (Aβ). Aβ disrupts glutamate receptors and mediates synaptic toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Synaptic dysfunction plays a critical role in cognitive impairment of AD.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Julia Teixeira Cottas de Azevedo, Thalita Cristina de Mello Costa, Keli Cristina Lima, Thiago Trovati Maciel, Patricia Vianna Bonini Palma, Luiz Guilherme Darrigo-Junior, Carlos Eduardo Setanni Grecco, Ana Beatriz P. L. Stracieri, Juliana Bernardes Elias, Fabiano Pieroni, Renato Luiz Guerino-Cunha, Ana Cristina Silva Pinto, Gil Cunha De Santis, Dimas Tadeu Covas, Olivier Hermine, Belinda Pinto Simoes, Maria Carolina Oliveira, Kelen Cristina Ribeiro Malmegrim
Summary: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD). However, its effects on SCD pathophysiology are not fully understood. HSCT can normalize hematological parameters and decrease hemolysis in SCD patients, but systemic inflammation may persist for at least five years after transplantation, indicating that allo-HSCT does not equally affect all aspects of SCD pathophysiology.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Prashanth Gowda, P. Hemachandra Reddy, Subodh Kumar
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, with a focus on mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons. Research is centered around mitochondrial miRNAs and their regulatory roles in mitochondrial and synaptic functions. However, more research is needed to confirm the specific locations and roles of individual mitochondrial miRNAs in the development of AD.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hilke Wobst, Brigitte Schmitz, Melitta Schachner, Simone Diestel, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Vladimir Sytnyk
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Schmalbach, Eka Lepsveridze, Nevena Djogo, Giorgi Papashvili, Fang Kuang, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Vladimir Sytnyk, Alexander G. Nikonenko, Alexander Dityatev, Igor Jakovcevski, Melitta Schachner
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Lifu Sheng, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Vladimir Sytnyk
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Heng Tai Liew, Claire Shepherd, Glenda M. Halliday, Claire H. Stevens, Yazi D. Ke, Lars M. Ittner, Vladimir Sytnyk
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuen Yee Cheng, Casey M. Wright, Michaela B. Kirschner, Marissa Williams, Kadir H. Sarun, Vladimir Sytnyk, Iryna Leshchynska, J. James Edelman, Michael P. Vallely, Brian C. McCaughan, Sonja Klebe, Nico van Zandwijk, Ruby C. Y. Lin, Glen Reid
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Nicola Bliim, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Vladimir Sytnyk, Michael Janitz
Review
Neurosciences
Vladimir Sytnyk, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Melitta Schachner
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Rui P. A. Tan, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Vladimir Sytnyk
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Thomas Duncan, Aileen Lowe, Kuldip Sidhu, Perminder Sachdev, Trevor Lewis, Ruby C. Y. Lin, Vladimir Sytnyk, Michael Valenzuela
Article
Neurosciences
Daria Guseva, Igor Jakovcevski, Andrey Irintchev, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Vladimir Sytnyk, Evgeni Ponimaskin, Melitta Schachner
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James W. Robinson, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Hovik Farghaian, William E. Hughes, Vladimir Sytnyk, Graham G. Neely, Adam R. Cole
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2014)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nicola Bliim, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Ryan Keable, Bei Jun Chen, Ashton Curry-Hyde, Lachlan Gray, Vladimir Sytnyk, Michael Janitz
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vladimir Sytnyk, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Melitta Schachner
Summary: Advancements in genomics, proteomics, and glycomics have opened up new possibilities for understanding the complex structures and functions of DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates. The nervous system proves to be an ideal system for studying the functions of glycans, shedding light on developmental processes and neurodegenerative diseases. The development of glycomimetic compounds holds promise for potential clinical applications in neurological diseases, offering advantages over natural glycans in terms of stability and therapeutic efficacy.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Saroj Sah, Ryan Keable, Grant Pfundstein, Kelly J. Clemens, Denovan Begg, Melitta Schachner, Iryna Leshchyns'ka, Vladimir Sytnyk
Summary: The presence of NCAM2 in the central nervous system is crucial for regulating axonal organization. NCAM2 stimulates the levels of BACE1, a protease involved in axonal guidance. Loss of NCAM2 leads to decreased BACE1 levels and abnormal axonal organization, resulting in impaired spatial memory and cognitive flexibility. In addition, NCAM2 deficiency also affects behavior in mice, with increased self-grooming and altered sensory responses.