Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Uday C. Ghoshal
Summary: Postinfection IBS (PI-IBS) is a subset of patients developing new onset IBS following acute gastroenteritis, with a prevalence rate of 11.5%. Various factors are associated with the development of PI-IBS, suggesting a potential organic basis. More studies are needed to explore the treatment of PI-IBS, as randomized controlled trials are rare.
Article
Immunology
Irene N. Kasumba, Henry Badji, Helen Powell, M. Jahangir Hossain, Richard Omore, Samba O. Sow, Jennifer R. Verani, James A. Platts-Mills, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Syed M. A. Zaman, Jennifer Jones, Sunil Sen, Jasnehta Permala-Booth, Shamima Nasrin, Anna Roose, Dilruba Nasrin, John Benjamin Ochieng, Jane Juma, Sanogo Doh, Joquina Chiquita M. Jones, Martin Antonio, Alex O. Awuor, Ciara E. Sugerman, Nora Watson, Christopher Focht, Jie Liu, Eric Houpt, Karen L. Kotloff, Sharon M. Tennant
Summary: This study evaluated the burden of Shigella spp in children 0-59 months old with medically attended moderate-to-severe diarrhea. The prevalence of Shigella was found to be high in sub-Saharan Africa, and the strains showed high resistance to commonly used antibiotics while remaining susceptible to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Article
Immunology
Alireza Felegary, Shahram Nazarian, Emad Kordbacheh, Javad Fathi, Mohamad Ebrahim Minae
Summary: This study evaluated the antibody response and protection of a recombinant chimeric protein against Shigella, finding that the protein produced in E. coli could be a promising candidate for vaccine development against Shigella. The chimeric protein showed high antibody response and neutralization ability against the bacterial toxin, providing significant protection in immunized mice against both S. flexneri and S.dysentery.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Guy Boeckxstaens
Summary: This article evaluates the evidence that targeted pathophysiological mechanisms and customized treatments can be an alternative approach to treating patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The authors conducted a literature review on the mechanisms and treatments of IBS, identifying various noninvasive clinical tests that can assess the underlying mechanisms responsible for symptom generation. These mechanisms include rectal evacuation disorders, abnormal transit, visceral hypersensitivity or hypervigilance, bile acid diarrhea, sugar intolerances, barrier dysfunction, the microbiome, immune activation, and chemicals released by these mechanisms. The authors also recognized the basic molecular mechanisms contributing to these pathophysiologies, offering opportunities for interventions with medications targeted at specific food components, receptors, and potentially the microbiome. Although the evidence supporting interventions for each mechanism varies, the current state-of-the-art allows for a shift from symptom-based treatment to individualized treatment guided by pathophysiology and clinically identified biomarkers.
Article
Plant Sciences
Michel Pouofo Nguiam, Steven Collins Njonte Wouamba, Frida Longo, Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo, Larissa Donji Kenne Foweda, Paul Desire Dzeufiet Djomeni, Bruno Lenta Ndjakou, Norbert Sewald, Fabrice Fekam Boyom, Simeon Kouam Fogue, Theophile Dimo
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of Xylopia staudtii bark extract against Shigella flexneri infection in immunodepressed mice. The extract showed significant antibacterial activity against Shigella, reducing fecal pathology and mortality rate in mice. It also exhibited anti-inflammatory properties and protected intestinal tissue from damage caused by Shigella infection.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vivek C. Goodoory, Lesley A. Houghton, Yan Yiannakou, Christopher J. Black, Alexander C. Ford
Summary: This study found that the natural history of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) defined according to the Rome IV criteria is more severe compared to IBS defined by the Rome III criteria. Approximately 60% of the participants met the Rome IV criteria, while approximately 40% met the Rome III criteria. Individuals with Rome IV IBS were more likely to seek medical care, start new treatments, and have more treatment cycles compared to those with Rome III IBS. Additionally, Rome IV IBS patients had more severe symptoms, greater impact on daily activities, and poorer psychological health.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shanshan Wu, Changzheng Yuan, Zhirong Yang, Si Liu, Qian Zhang, Shutian Zhang, Shengtao Zhu
Summary: This study found that the degree of non-alcoholic fatty liver and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are associated with the incidence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The association is particularly strong in females. The results provide a basis for further research on these findings and elucidating the underlying biological mechanisms.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mihaela Fadgyas Stanculete, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Octavia Oana Capatina
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder characterized by altered gut-brain interaction and dysfunction of the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Prior studies have shown significant impairments in the health-related quality of life of patients with IBS. Resilience, as a psychosocial ability, plays a crucial role in promoting health and enhancing stress response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Basilua Andre Muzembo, Kei Kitahara, Debmalya Mitra, Ayumu Ohno, Januka Khatiwada, Shanta Dutta, Shin-Ichi Miyoshi
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of Shigella in Southeast Asia. The findings suggest a high risk of Shigella infection among travelers in this region and highlight the need for effective vaccines.
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seo Yeon Yoon, Jaeyong Shin, Seok-Jae Heo, Jee Suk Chang, Mun Kyung Sunwoo, Yong Wook Kim
Summary: This study found that in individuals aged 65 and above, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may increase the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting a potential early manifestation of PD in patients with IBS. Further research is needed to establish a causal link between the two diseases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shanshan Wu, Zhirong Yang, Changzheng Yuan, Si Liu, Qian Zhang, Shutian Zhang, Shengtao Zhu
Summary: This study investigates the association between coffee and tea intake and incident irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in a long-term cohort. It finds that higher intake of coffee, particularly instant and ground coffee, is associated with lower risk of incident IBS, with a significant dose-response relationship. Moderate tea intake (0.5-1 cup/day) is also associated with lower IBS risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan J. Sebastian Domingo
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional bowel disorder with significant impact on patients' daily lives and society's economy. It is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel movements, and its etiology and pathophysiological mechanism are still unknown.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ravy K. Vajravelu, Jordan M. Shapiro, Josephine Ni, Shivani U. Thanawala, James D. Lewis, Hashem B. El-Serag
Summary: Individuals concurrently exposed to antibiotics and bowel purgative had slightly higher rates of surrogate IBS outcomes compared with matched controls who did not receive antibiotics concurrently with bowel purgative.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sholpan Omarova, Karem Awad, Verena Moos, Christoph Puening, Greta Goelz, Jorg-Dieter Schulzke, Roland Buecker
Summary: This study observed patients with persistent PI-IBS symptoms after C. jejuni infection and found that the epithelial resistance of the colon epithelium was unaltered, but the permeability of HRP increased and some inflammation-related markers were elevated. Therefore, targeting these mechanisms caused by the infection may help reduce sequelae such as PI-IBS.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Woohyung Lee, Dae Wook Hwang, Ho-Seong Han, In Woong Han, Jin Seok Heo, Michiaki Unno, Masaharu Ishida, Hiroshi Tajima, Nobuyuki Nishizawa, Kohei Nakata, Yasuji Seyama, Yoshiya Isikawa, Ho Kyoung Hwang, Jin-Young Jang, Taeho Hong, Joon Seong Park, Hee Joon Kim, Chi-Young Jeong, Ippei Matsumoto, Hiroki Yamaue, Manabu Kawai, Masayuki Ohtsuka, Shugo Mizuno, Mitsuhiro Asakuma, Yuji Soejima, Teijiro Hirashita, Masayuki Sho, Yutaka Takeda, Jeong-Ik Park, Yong Hoon Kim, Hwa Jung Kim, Masakazu Yamamoto, Itaru Endo, Masafumi Nakamura, Yoo-Seok Yoon
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the advantages of spleen preservation during laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) for preventing infectious complications. By comparing the data of postoperative infectious complications in different groups, the study found that spleen preservation could lower the risk of infectious complications, but the risk may vary according to the surgeon's experience.
JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Changsoo Woo, Kwan Hyeong Jo, Beomseok Sohn, Kisung Park, Hojin Cho, Won Jun Kang, Jinna Kim, Seung-Koo Lee
Summary: A machine learning model was developed and tested to classify the HPV status of OPSCC patients using 18F-FDG PET-derived parameters and an appropriate combination of machine learning methods. The model utilized PET parameters, clinical features, and their combination, and employed various techniques like feature transforms, feature selection, and oversampling for training. The model outperformed those using only PET or clinical parameters in predicting HPV status.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Audrey Le Floc'h, Kirsten Nagashima, Dylan Birchard, George Scott, Li-Hong Ben, Dharani Ajithdoss, Kaitlyn Gayvert, Annabel Romero Hernandez, Olivier Herbin, Amanda Tay, Pamela Farrales, Chandrashekhar K. Korgaonkar, Hao Pan, Sweta Shah, Vishal Kamat, Ishita Chatterjee, Jon Popke, Adelekan Oyejide, Wei Keat Lim, Jee H. Kim, Tammy Huang, Matthew Franklin, William Olson, Thomas Norton, Lorah Perlee, George D. Yancopoulos, Andrew J. Murphy, Matthew A. Sleeman, Jamie M. Orengo
Summary: The study generated an antibody called REGN7257, which can bind to IL-2RG with high affinity and effectively block signaling of all gamma c cytokines, thus inhibiting T cell-mediated diseases. By using REGN7257, the researchers found that gamma c cytokines play a key role in mouse models of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and multiple sclerosis, suggesting that inhibition of gamma c cytokine signaling is a potential strategy for the management of T cell-mediated diseases.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuna Kim, Sung Hwan Yoo, Jaeyoung Chun, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Youn, Hyojin Park
Summary: This study found that exposing patients to virtual reality (VR) prior to endoscopic procedures can reduce their anxiety levels, leading to less discomfort and incomplete procedures, as well as decreased use of sedative medication. The proportion of patients with high anxiety significantly decreased in the VR group compared to the control group, and patients in the VR group reported higher satisfaction with sedation.
YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Junghyun Noh, Min Kyong Moon, Eun-Jung Rhee, Sang Hyun Park, Hyeon Chang Kim, Byung Jin Kim, Hae Jin Kim, Seonghoon Choi, Jin Oh Na, Young Youl Hyun, Bum Joon Kim, Kyung-Do Han, In-Kyung Jeong
Summary: The study found an association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The risk of CVD increased from LDL-C level of 70 mg/dL in very high-risk and high-risk groups, and from 130 mg/dL in moderate-risk and low-risk groups. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) also showed a correlation between higher LDL-C levels and increased incidence of CVD in different risk groups.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Min Kyong Moon, Junghyun Noh, Eun-Jung Rhee, Sang Hyun Park, Hyeon Chang Kim, Byung Jin Kim, Hae Jin Kim, Seonghoon Choi, Jin Oh Na, Young Youl Hyun, Bum Joon Kim, Kyung-Do Han, In-Kyung Jeong
Summary: This study evaluated the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and suggested LDL-C treatment goals in Korean people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results showed that lowering LDL-C targets can be helpful for the primary prevention of CVD in patients with T2DM who have chronic kidney disease, hypertension, long-term diabetes, or three or more cardiovascular risk factors.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eunji Kim, Kiho Sung, Chang Oh Kim, Yoosik Youm, Hyeon Chang Kim
Summary: This study found that social network properties have a significant impact on the risk of mortality among older adults, especially those with cognitive impairment. Therefore, encouraging older adults with poor cognitive function to participate in social activities can reduce the risk of mortality.
JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medical Informatics
Ji Hoon Kim, Bomgyeol Kim, Min Joung Kim, Heejung Hyun, Hyeon Chang Kim, Hyuk-Jae Chang
Summary: This study aimed to develop a prediction model using an integrated nationwide dataset to predict the transfer of patients with suspected cardiovascular emergency diseases to inappropriate hospitals at the pre-hospital stage. The model showed favorable performance with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.813 and an area under the receiver precision-recall curve of 0.286.
BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oh Chan Kwon, See Young Lee, Jaeyoung Chun, Kyungdo Han, Yuna Kim, Ryul Kim, Min-Chan Park, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Youn, Hyojin Park
Summary: This population-based cohort study in Korea found that patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) had a lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to individuals without IMIDs. The risks of cancer-specific and cardiovascular disease-specific mortalities were also lower in IMID patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oh Chan Kwon, Yuna Kim, Jaeyoung Chun, Kyungdo Han, Min-Chan Park, Ryul Kim, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Youn, Hyojin Park
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether the presence of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) confers a higher risk of depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The results showed that the existence of gut, joint, and skin IMIDs was associated with a higher risk of depression and anxiety. Patients with multiple IMIDs had a higher risk than those with only one.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hyeok-Hee Lee, Hokyou Lee, Deepak L. Bhatt, Danbee Kang, Jong-Chan Youn, Dong Wook Shin, Juhee Cho, Hyeon Chang Kim
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jun Kyu Hwang, Eun Kyung Park, Kyu-Won Shim, Dong-Seok Kim
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the effect of foramen magnum decompression with C1 laminectomy (C1L) for Chiari malformation type 1 (CM-1) in terms of improving clinical symptoms, expanding posterior fossa volume, and decreasing syrinx volume. The results showed that C1L can effectively increase posterior fossa volume, and combining C1L with duraplasty can result in a faster decrease in syrinx volume.
YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Moonki Hong, Mingee Choi, JiHyun Lee, Kyoo Hyun Kim, Hyunwook Kim, Choong-Kun Lee, Hyo Song Kim, Sun Young Rha, Gyu Young Pih, Yoon Jin Choi, Da Hyun Jung, Jun Chul Park, Sung Kwan Shin, Sang Kil Lee, Yong Chan Lee, Minah Cho, Yoo Min Kim, Hyoung-Il Kim, Jae-Ho Cheong, Woo Jin Hyung, Jaeyong Shin, Minkyu Jung
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant decrease in the overall number of gastric cancer diagnoses, with cases being diagnosed at more advanced stages, especially among men and patients aged 40 and older in 2021. Further studies are needed to explore the impact of the pandemic on global gastric cancer detection.
JOURNAL OF GASTRIC CANCER
(2023)