Article
Biology
Stefan Norlin, Jan Axelsson, Madelene Ericsson, Helena Edlund
Summary: O304, as a dual AMPK activator and mitochondrial uncoupler, promotes insulin-independent glucose uptake and utilization in skeletal muscle and heart, prevents glycogen accumulation, and preserves beta-cell function in Type 2 diabetes.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jinhee Hwang, Debbie C. Thurmond
Summary: The impaired GLUT4 translocation and defects in SNARE proteins and their regulators are closely related to the pathogenesis of diabetes. Novel functions of SNARE proteins in pathways not typically associated with SNAREs may provide new therapeutic targets for combating insulin resistance and diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jongsoo Mok, Tae Sub Park, Sunhong Kim, Daehoon Kim, Cheol Soo Choi, Joonghoon Park
Summary: The study found that Prokr1 plays an important role in skeletal muscle, improving insulin sensitivity and being a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhaolu Wang, Jinjin Yang, Xiaohui Sun, Xi Sun, Gongshe Yang, Xin'e Shi
Summary: Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in physical activities, metabolism, and energy balance, but its homeostasis is challenged by various factors such as injury, aging, and obesity. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles, have emerged as important mediators in intercellular communication and hold great potential for treating skeletal muscle diseases. This review outlines recent research progress in exosomal isolation, characterization, mechanism of action, and highlights advancements in exosomes derived from different organs and tissues, as well as engineered exosomes, which have the ability to regulate the physiological and pathological development of skeletal muscle. These advancements enhance our understanding of muscle formation and diseases, and the utilization of engineered exosomes as nanocarriers with advanced biomolecule design methodologies offers innovative therapeutic perspectives for muscle diseases.
JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY-SCIENCE B
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karla E. Merz, Ragadeepthi Tunduguru, Miwon Ahn, Vishal A. Salunkhe, Rajakrishnan Veluthakal, Jinhee Hwang, Supriyo Bhattacharya, Erika M. McCown, Pablo A. Garcia, Chunxue Zhou, Eunjin Oh, Stephanie M. Yoder, Jeffrey S. Elmendorf, Debbie C. Thurmond
Summary: The levels of PAK1 protein and its downstream effector ARPC1B are significantly reduced in the skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes patients, which may be related to glucose homeostasis. Our study shows that skeletal muscle PAK1 is required for maintaining whole body glucose homeostasis and can also affect the function of pancreatic beta cells.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kohei Kido, Tatsuro Egawa, Shinya Watanabe, Kentaro Kawanaka, Jonas T. Treebak, Tatsuya Hayashi
Summary: This study demonstrated the synergistic enhancement of insulin-stimulated TBC1D4 phosphorylation and glucose uptake by fasting and prior muscle contraction, which is associated with augmented AMPK pathway activation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeane Rebecca Roy, Coimbatore Sadagopan Janaki, Selvaraj Jayaraman, Vijayalakshmi Periyasamy, Thotakura Balaji, Madhavan Vijayamalathi, Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of Carica papaya leaf extract on high fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic rats and identified its potential mechanism of action against insulin resistance. The results showed that Carica papaya treatment improved blood glucose levels, lipid profile, serum insulin, and tissue antioxidant enzymes. Molecular docking and dynamics analysis identified kaempferol, quercitin, and transferulic acid as the top ligands with the greatest hit rate against the insulin receptor and glucose transporter-4 protein targets. This study suggests that Carica papaya could reinstate glycemic control in diabetic skeletal muscle.
Article
Cell Biology
Rosa Isela Ortiz-Huidobro, Carlos Larque, Myrian Velasco, Juan Pablo Chavez-Maldonado, Jean Sabido, Yuriko Itzel Sanchez-Zamora, Marcia Hiriart
Summary: This study examined the sexual dimorphism and underlying mechanisms of physiological insulin resistance in rats at postnatal day 20 (p20). The results showed that both male and female p20 rats exhibited elevated glucose and insulin levels, reduced systemic insulin sensitivity, and glucose intolerance. Additionally, there were sex- and tissue-related differences in the activation of insulin signaling proteins in p20 rats compared to adult rats.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paola A. Ramos, Kelli A. Lytle, Danae Delivanis, Soren Nielsen, Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Michael D. Jensen
Summary: The study found that there were no defects in insulin receptor signaling at the Akt/AS160 level in the muscles of obese individuals, indicating uncertainties in the mechanism of muscle insulin resistance in obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Han-Chow E. Koh, Stephan van Vliet, Gretchen A. Meyer, Richard Laforest, Robert J. Gropler, Samuel Klein, Bettina Mittendorfer
Summary: The study aimed to explore the relationships among muscle fibre type composition, perfusion, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake rates in healthy lean individuals and those with obesity. Results showed that obesity-associated insulin resistance is generalized across all major muscles and is not influenced by alterations in muscle fibre type composition or perfusion. Additionally, insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal relative to fat-free mass serves as a reliable indicator of muscle glucose uptake rate.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Camila Donoso-Barraza, Juan Carlos Borquez, Carlos Sepulveda, Francisco Diaz-Castro, Claudia Sepulveda-Quinenao, Juan Manuel Rodriguez, Omar Porras, Rodrigo Troncoso
Summary: This study investigates the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in insulin signaling and glucose uptake. The results show that glucose restriction increases endogenous production of H2S and H2S disrupts insulin-induced glucose uptake, which may help maintain plasma glucose levels.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dumitru Constantin-Teodosiu, Despina Constantin
Summary: Muscle fatigue can decrease the capacity of muscles to complete tasks over time, with short-lasting fatigue often caused by overtraining, undertraining, or physical injury, while persistent and severe fatigue may be associated with pathological states or chronic exposure to certain substances.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiedozie Kenneth Ugwoke, Erika Cvetko, Nejc Umek
Summary: There is a close relationship between microvascular dysfunction and insulin resistance in obesity, with changes in skeletal muscle microcirculation leading to impaired insulin function and disturbed glucose homeostasis. Various molecular mechanisms and potential pharmacological treatments have been identified.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Elena Massimino, Anna Izzo, Gabriele Riccardi, Giuseppe Della Pepa
Summary: Sarcopenia, defined as the age-related decrease in skeletal muscle mass and loss of muscle power and function, is more prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Glucose-lowering drugs prescribed for T2DM patients may impact sarcopenia through various mechanisms, affecting the balance between protein anabolism and catabolism in skeletal muscle. In addition to their glucose-lowering effects, these drugs can influence muscle strength, quantity/quality, and physical performance, leading to potential harmful or beneficial effects on skeletal muscle in individuals with T2DM.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Frederic Nicolas Daussin, Alexane Cuillerier, Julianne Touron, Samir Bensaid, Bruno Melo, Ali Al Rewashdy, Goutham Vasam, Keir J. Menzies, Mary-Ellen Harper, Elsa Heyman, Yan Burelle
Summary: The study found that cocoa flavanols supplementation can improve mitochondrial function and whole-body metabolism, particularly by stimulating NAD metabolism and enhancing the function of Sirt3. These findings suggest that cocoa flavanols may help improve metabolic efficiency in the body.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jane Naufahu, Bradley Elliott, Anatoliy Markiv, Petra Dunning-Foreman, Maggie McGrady, David Howard, Peter Watt, Richard W. A. Mackenzie
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2018)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joseph W. Beals, Richard W. A. Mackenzie, Stephan van Vliet, Sarah K. Skinner, Brandon A. Pagni, Grace M. Niemiro, Alexander V. Ulanov, Zhong Li, Anna C. Dilger, Scott A. Paluska, Michael De Lisio, Nicholas A. Burd
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shimul Saha, Helena Cano-Garcia, Loannis Sotiriou, Oliver Lipscombe, Ioannis Gouzouasis, Maria Koutsoupidou, George Palikaras, Richard Mackenzie, Thomas Reeve, Panagiotis Kosmas, Efthymios Kallos
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2017)
Article
Physiology
Jodie N. Moss, Freya M. Bayne, Federico Castelli, Mitchell R. Naughton, Thomas C. Reeve, Steven J. Trangmar, Richard W. A. Mackenzie, Christopher J. Tyler
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Richie D. Barclay, Joseph W. Beals, Jenny Drnevich, Brian S. Imai, Peter M. Yau, Alexander V. Ulanov, Neale A. Tillin, Martha Villegas-Montes, Scott A. Paluska, Peter W. Watt, Michael De Lisio, Nicholas A. Burd, Richard W. Mackenzie
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2020)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Oana Ancu, Monika Mickute, Nicola D. Guess, Nicholas M. Hurren, Nicholas A. Burd, Richard W. Mackenzie
Summary: Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic disorder that can lead to the development of chronic diseases. High-protein diets may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes by over-activating mTOR with excessive amino acids. This can result in desensitization of IRS-1 and reduced insulin-mediated glucose uptake.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Fulvia Draicchio, Stephan van Vliet, Oana Ancu, Scott A. Paluska, Kenneth R. Wilund, Monika Mickute, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Derek Renshaw, Peter Watt, Lykke Sylow, Nicholas A. Burd, Richard W. A. Mackenzie
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2020)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jodie N. Moss, Steven J. Trangmar, Richard W. A. Mackenzie, Christopher J. Tyler
Summary: This study found that pre-cooling can provide thermoregulatory and perceptual benefits in the short term, with better results when combined with per-cooling, but neck per-cooling alone showed no benefits. However, in a hot environment, these cooling interventions did not significantly improve exercise performance.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Naiman A. Khan, Caitlyn G. Edwards, Sharon Thompson, Bridget A. Hannon, Sarah K. Burke, Anne D. M. Walk, Richard W. A. Mackenzie, Ginger E. Reeser, Barbara H. Fiese, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: The study found that daily consumption of 1 fresh Hass avocado changed abdominal adiposity distribution among females, but did not facilitate improvements in peripheral insulin sensitivity or beta-cell function among adults with overweight and obesity.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Claudia Stela Medeiros, Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto, Keemilyn Karla Santos Silva, Ana Paula Castro Cantuaria, Taia Maria Berto Rezende, Octavio Luiz Franco, Rita de Cassia Marqueti, Leandro Ceotto Freitas-Lima, Ronaldo Carvalho Araujo, Azize Yildirim, Richard Mackenzie, Jeeser Alves Almeida
Summary: High-protein diets combined with resistance training may lead to glucose intolerance and enlarged adipocytes, but these deleterious effects can be mitigated through resistance training, resulting in improved blood glucose control.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sehar Sajid, Mohammed Gulrez Zariwala, Richard Mackenzie, Mark Turner, Theo Nell, Srikanth Bellary, Derek Renshaw
Summary: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and comorbidities. The dysregulated expansion of adipose tissue during obesity leads to the development of low-grade chronic inflammation. Annexin A1 may play a protective role in obesity and inflammation, but its effect may be overshadowed by the systemic inflammation caused by obesity.
Review
Neurosciences
Fulvia Draicchio, Volker Behrends, Neale A. Tillin, Nicholas M. Hurren, Lykke Sylow, Richard Mackenzie
Summary: The review explores the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) and actin cytoskeleton in insulin- and contraction-mediated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Defects in the structural integrity of ECM and integrin-associated proteins may contribute to muscle function loss and decreased glucose uptake in type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuyang Sun, Helena Cano-Garcia, Efthymios Kallos, Fergus O'Brien, Adeyemi Akintonde, Diana-Elena Motei, Oana Ancu, Richard William Alexander Mackenzie, Panagiotis Kosmas
Summary: By combining multiple sensor data with machine learning techniques, we have developed an accurate fully noninvasive glucose monitoring model. The model achieved high prediction accuracy on a dataset of clinical subjects and holds promise for practical applications in glucose monitoring.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
Maria Koutsoupidou, Helena Cano-Garcia, Roberto L. Pricci, Shimul C. Saha, Srinivas Rana, Oana Ancu, Fulvia Draicchio, Richard Mackenzie, Panagiotis Kosmas, Efthymios Kallos
2019 41ST ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC)
(2019)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Richie D. Barclay, Nicholas A. Burd, Christopher Tyler, Neale A. Tillin, Richard W. Mackenzie
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2019)