期刊
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
卷 4, 期 6, 页码 3327-3333出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00377
关键词
Inulin; In situ NMR; DOSY NMR; SnCl4; 5-HMF; Levulinic acid
资金
- Shanxi Scholarship Council of China [2015-123]
- Natural Science Foundation of China [21472247]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [2013YC002]
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences [2011137]
- CAS President's International Fellowship Initiative [2015VMB052]
Various NMR techniques were employed to study the catalytic performance of the Lewis acid SnCl4 and the Bronsted acid HCl in the conversion of inulin to value-added compounds by hydrolysis and subsequent dehydration. The hydrolysis of inulin was examined to reveal the catalytic abilities of SnCl4 besides its intrinsic acidity by in situ H-1 and C-13 NMR at 25 degrees C. The dehydration reaction of inulin with SnCl4 as catalyst was followed by high temperature in situ H-1 NMR at 80 degrees C. The fructose moieties were dehydrated to 5-(hydroxymethly)furfural (5-HMF), but the glucose fragment of inulin was inactive for dehydration reaction under this condition. The formation of 5-HMF and its transformation into formic acid and levulinic acid through a rehydration reaction could be monitored by in situ NMR spectroscopy. Moreover, diffusion ordered spectroscopy NMR revealed that the Lewis acid ion, Sn4+ interacts with the inulin model compounds, i.e., sucrose and fructose. The synergistic effects of complexation and acidity from the hydrolysis of SnCl4 results in a higher catalytic ability of this Lewis acid catalyst compared with a Bronsted acid.
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