Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abigail Engleman, Kieran Cox, Sandra Brooke
Summary: The study highlights the contribution of dead coral to reef complexity and the potential implications for coral reef conservation. Dead coral maintains more varied profile curvatures and higher fractal dimensions compared to live or non-coral substrate, providing alternative insights into the mechanisms driving structural complexity on reefs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
John H. R. Burns, Kailey H. Pascoe, Sofia B. Ferreira, Haunani Kane, Clifford Kapono, Toni L. Carrell, Andres Reyes, Atsuko Fukunaga
Summary: Underwater cultural heritage sites, such as shipwrecks and sunken aircrafts, have both positive and negative impacts on marine ecosystems. They can provide physical structures to support coral recruitment and habitats for marine organisms, but they can also harm live coral and release pollutants into the environment. This study used photogrammetry techniques to investigate the coral assemblages on natural and artificial reef substrata, and found significant differences in live coral cover and assemblage structure between the two. The research highlights the importance of coral assemblage structure in supporting 3D habitat complexity and suggests that the approach can be used to better understand the ecological impacts of underwater cultural heritage sites on coral reefs.
Review
Ecology
Mai Lazarus, Jonathan Belmaker
Summary: Several common indices captured similar complexity facets, while an innovative family of structural diversity indices, representing the diversity of physical elements, captured distinct complexity facets not represented by existing indices. No single index was consistently superior; however, vertical relief was consistently included as a top predictor of fish assemblage structure. Interestingly, the most commonly used index, rugosity, was a poor predictor.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Noelle K. Helder, John H. R. Burns, Stephanie J. Green
Summary: This study investigates the impact of different scales and metrics of habitat complexity on fish functional groups in coral reef ecosystems. The results show that large-scale complexity is closely related to the presence of solitary, cryptic, nocturnal carnivores, while small-scale complexity is associated with an increase in gregarious herbivores.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tiffany Monfort, Adrien Cheminee, Olivier Bianchimani, Pierre Drap, Arthur Puzenat, Thierry Thibaut
Summary: This article aimed to compare two methods for quantifying the metrics of the 3D structure of shallow rocky reefs (rugosity) and to quantify the possible links between this habitat structure and fish assemblages. Photogrammetry was found to be the most efficient method in terms of measurement quality and time compared to the chain-and-tape method. 3D habitat descriptors differed significantly between sites and were found to influence fish abundance and species richness.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shreya Yadav, Ty N. F. Roach, Michael J. J. McWilliam, Carlo Caruso, Mariana Rocha de Souza, Catherine Foley, Corinne Allen, Jenna Dilworth, Joel Huckeba, Erika P. P. Santoro, Renee Wold, Jacquelyn Simpson, Spencer Miller, Joshua R. R. Hancock, Crawford Drury, Joshua S. S. Madin
Summary: This study used structure-from-motion photogrammetry to track coral bleaching, mortality, and changes in community composition during the 2019 marine heatwave in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. The results showed that spatial and taxonomic heterogeneity in coral bleaching and mortality were influenced by environmental variation, habitat complexity, and differences in assemblage composition.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alberto Rovellini, Charlotte L. Mortimer, Matthew R. Dunn, Elizabeth A. Fulton, Jamaluddin Jompa, Abdul Haris, James J. Bell
Summary: This study compared the structural complexity of coral- and sponge-dominated areas of an Indonesian coral reef using 3D photogrammetry. The results showed that smaller-scale refugia were reduced in sponge-dominated reefs, potentially impacting smaller reef fauna.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrew G. Bauman, Fraser A. Januchowski-Hartley, Aaron Teo, Peter A. Todd
Summary: The increasing incidence of severe coral bleaching caused by climate change is leading to significant coral losses and declines in the physical structure of coral reef ecosystems. Understanding the relationship between coral composition and structural complexity is vital for maintaining ecosystem functions and processes. This study examines the impacts of the 2016 global coral bleaching event on seven coral reefs in Singapore and highlights the importance of structural complexity for reef stability.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Somi Jung, Won-Bae Na, Dongha Kim
Summary: This study explores the correlation between the complexity of artificial reefs and the characteristics of the wake region. It reveals that both the rugosity index (RI) and blocking index (BI) are important factors for securing a large wake region. The results provide useful insights for designing artificial reefs that can effectively create shelter and feeding areas for marine species.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lauriane Ribas-Deulofeu, Pierre-Alexandre Chateau, Vianney Denis, Chaolun Allen Chen
Summary: This study proposed a new method to estimate reef structural complexity, which can quantify the contributions of fine and coarse rugosities. Compared to current methods, this approach considers multiple levels of reef rugosity and provides a better understanding of the structural characteristics of reefs. Relationships were also found between reef rugosity and specific functional groups within the benthic community.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
William S. Fisher
Summary: The goal of coral reef management is to provide habitat for fish populations, and it requires reliable methods to characterize reef features that contribute to fish habitat. By examining data from broad-area reef surveys, correlations were found between fish population measures and physical coral features, particularly coral colony height. Characterizing this relationship will improve fishery management tools and support assessment of the decline in the physical stature of reefs worldwide.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jordan Pierce, Mark J. Butler, Yuri Rzhanov, Kim Lowell, Jennifer A. Dijkstra
Summary: A novel method is proposed for providing semantic labels of functional groups to 3-D reconstructed models, allowing for more accurate assessment of changes in coral reef community structure. The method demonstrates high pixel accuracy and linear scalability, making it suitable for large areas or high-resolution models.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Joshua S. S. Madin, Mollie Asbury, Nina Schiettekatte, Maria Dornelas, Oscar Pizarro, Jessica Reichert, Damaris Torres-Pulliza
Summary: In their recent synopsis, Loke and Chisholm (Ecology Letters, 25, 2269-2288, 2022) provide an overview of habitat complexity metrics for ecologists and offer some suggestions. However, we disagree with some of their analyses and opinions in this technical note.
Article
Ecology
Amelia A. Desbiens, George Roff, William D. Robbins, Brett M. Taylor, Carolina Castro-Sanguino, Alexandra Dempsey, Peter J. Mumby
Summary: In the relatively unfished northern Great Barrier Reef, changes in reef shark density did not have a significant impact on the density or biomass of teleost mesopredators or prey, suggesting a lack of trophic cascading. Instead, many functional groups, including sharks, responded positively to environmental drivers.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Spencer Miller, Shreya Yadav, Joshua S. Madin
Summary: The study found that the structural complexity of coral reefs is mainly built by colonies of different species working together, with significant differences in how each species contributes to this complexity. The variation in complexity is closely related to colony morphology, rather than size, which could have implications for reef recovery and restoration efforts.
Article
Limnology
Tania M. M. Kenyon, Christopher Doropoulos, Kennedy Wolfe, Gregory E. E. Webb, Sophie Dove, Daniel Harris, Peter J. J. Mumby
Summary: This article reviews the dynamics of rubble beds on coral reefs, with a focus on the changes expected in the generation, mobilization, binding, and coral recruitment of rubble on future reefs. It predicts that major disturbances, such as storms and coral bleaching, will increase in intensity and frequency, leading to larger quantities of coral rubble. With smaller recovery windows and increased bioerosion, smaller and less complex rubble pieces will be generated more often. The time available for binding will be reduced, and changing ocean chemistry may affect the efficacy of binders. Ultimately, increased rubble cover will negatively impact coral recruitment into rubble beds.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Amelia A. A. Desbiens, Peter J. J. Mumby, Symon Dworjanyn, Eva E. Plaganyi, Sven Uthicke, Kennedy Wolfe
Summary: This study investigated the predators of crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) and found 26 novel predators, but only 10 species regularly consumed juvenile CoTS. Most predation resulted in severed bodies and missing arms, rather than total consumption. The research highlights the importance of predators during the juvenile stage in controlling CoTS populations.
Article
Ecology
Kennedy Wolfe, Tania M. Kenyon, Amelia Desbiens, Kimberley de la Motte, Peter J. Mumby
Summary: Declines in habitat complexity have led to ecological degradation in various ecosystems. Coral reefs have served as a model for studying such changes, but previous research has mainly focused on corals and fish, overlooking the dominant role of small cryptic organisms. This study used a hierarchical framework to explore whether broad seascape parameters or nested microhabitat processes better describe cryptofauna communities in coral rubble. The results showed that microhabitat complexity influenced sessile organism cover, which in turn shaped the motile cryptofauna community.
ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Robert A. B. Mason, Yves-Marie Bozec, Peter J. Mumby
Summary: This article analyses the future scenarios of the Great Barrier Reef under various realistic drivers and finds that under a limited warming scenario, the coral cover can eventually recover to present-day levels. However, under higher warming scenarios, the coral cover declines drastically and may even disappear.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Thomas J. Richards, Katrina McGuigan, J. David Aguirre, Adriana Humanes, Yves-Marie Bozec, Peter J. Mumby, Cynthia Riginos
Summary: Global environmental change is happening rapidly, with coral reefs being one of the most threatened ecosystems. To ensure the survival of wild populations, adaptation is necessary. However, our understanding of the complex ecological and evolutionary dynamics of corals is limited, hindering predictions about their ability to adapt to future conditions.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Chelsey M. Beese, Peter J. Mumby, Alice Rogers
Summary: The quality of coral reef habitats is declining due to heatwaves and other disturbances, resulting in reduced complexity and energy transfer to higher trophic levels. By using a size-based ecosystem model, researchers found that providing refuge for fish between 5 and 10 cm in length can significantly enhance fish biomass and fisheries productivity. The study also identifies refuge profiles that can improve ecosystem service provision by up to sixfold.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert A. B. Mason, Yves-Marie Bozec, Peter J. Mumby
Summary: Boat anchoring is a common practice at coral reefs with high economic or social value, but its impact on reef resilience has been understudied. Using an individual-based model, we simulated the effects of anchor damage on coral populations and estimated the carrying capacity of anchoring for different coral assemblages. We found that even a small to medium-sized recreational vessel can cause 0 to 3.1 anchor strikes per hectare per day. In a case study of the Great Barrier Reef, we demonstrated that mitigating anchoring can lead to significant coral gains under bleaching scenarios.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Graeme S. Cumming, Maja Adamska, Michele L. Barnes, Jon Barnett, David R. Bellwood, Joshua E. Cinner, Philippa J. Cohen, Jennifer M. Donelson, Katharina Fabricius, R. Quentin Grafton, Alana Grech, Georgina G. Gurney, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Andrew S. Hoey, Mia O. Hoogenboom, Jacqueline Lau, Catherine E. Lovelock, Ryan Lowe, David J. Miller, Tiffany H. Morrison, Peter J. Mumby, Martin Nakata, John M. Pandolfi, Garry D. Peterson, Morgan S. Pratchett, Timothy Ravasi, Cynthia Riginos, Jodie L. Rummer, Britta Schaffelke, Thomas Wernberg, Shaun K. Wilson
Summary: SDG 14 aims to secure marine sustainability by 2030, and understanding the changing seascape, global actions, and the collaboration between science and society are vital for achieving this goal in the Asia-Pacific region. Through a horizon scan, researchers identified nine emerging research priorities that can contribute to marine sustainability, including understanding seascape evolution, drivers of change, and the costs and benefits to people. Researchers can contribute by developing interdisciplinary understandings, emphasizing equity and justice, and improving knowledge of cross-scale processes.
REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Kennedy Wolfe, Amelia A. A. Desbiens, Peter J. J. Mumby
Summary: Patterns of movement of marine species can provide valuable information about reproduction and dispersal strategies, species interactions, trophodynamics, and vulnerability to change, which is crucial for population and ecosystem management. In coral reefs, the highest density and diversity of metazoan taxa are found in dead coral and rubble, but the energy stored in rubble is mainly accessible to small individuals, limiting its availability to higher trophic levels.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Liam Lachs, Adriana Humanes, Daniel R. Pygas, John C. Bythell, Peter J. Mumby, Renata Ferrari, Will F. Figueira, Elizabeth Beauchamp, Holly K. East, Alasdair J. Edwards, Yimnang Golbuu, Helios M. Martinez, Brigitte Sommer, Eveline van der Steeg, James R. Guest
Summary: As marine species adapt to climate change, their heat tolerance will be under strong selection, but trade-offs between heat tolerance and other traits may compromise adaptation. The study focused on reef-building corals and found no trade-offs between heat tolerance and fecundity or growth. Surprisingly, faster-growing corals tended to bleach and die at higher levels of heat stress. Overall, this suggests that some high-performing corals excel across multiple traits and trade-offs may not be major barriers to adaptation or evolution interventions.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Elizabeth Buccheri, Gerard F. Ricardo, Russell C. Babcock, Peter J. Mumby, Christopher Doropoulos
Summary: This study investigated the sensitivity of coral reproduction to changes in sperm concentration and contact time between gametes. The results showed that fertilisation was most successful at high sperm concentrations and longer contact times, with variations between different coral species.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liam Lachs, Simon D. D. Donner, Peter J. J. Mumby, John C. C. Bythell, Adriana Humanes, Holly K. K. East, James R. R. Guest
Summary: Recurrent mass bleaching events pose a threat to coral reefs and their future. However, this study suggests that the thermal tolerance of coral assemblages in a remote Pacific coral reef system has been increasing, leading to less severe bleaching impacts. Future climate projections indicate that further increases in thermal tolerance could substantially reduce bleaching trajectories, highlighting the importance of reducing carbon emissions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Jesse Haviland, Peter Corke
IEEE ROBOTICS & AUTOMATION MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Jesse Haviland, Peter Corke
Summary: Kinematics is a branch of mechanics that studies motion without considering mass or force. This tutorial focuses on the kinematics of robot manipulators, particularly the relationship between joint positions and end effector poses. It is an essential concept for students, practitioners, or researchers new to this topic or in need of a concise refresher.
IEEE ROBOTICS & AUTOMATION MAGAZINE
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Baris Balci, Jared Donovan, Jonathan Roberts, Peter Corke
Summary: The placement of a workpiece with respect to an industrial robot is crucial in robotic manufacturing, as it affects the configuration-dependent properties of the robot. This study focuses on identifying the optimal pose for the workpiece to enable the robot to perform surface finishing with minimal joint torques and maximum manipulability. A nonlinear optimization-based algorithm is proposed and demonstrated on various workpieces to facilitate further research in this area.
2023 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION (ICRA 2023)
(2023)
